如何在macOS上安装NVM

参考原文

NVM用于在命令行中安装和切换不同版本的node(npm)。本文介绍如何在MacOS中使用homebrew安装NVM。

前提

安装HomeBrew, 国内用户参考

第一步 移除已安装的node

如果你的系统中已经安装node,首先将期卸载

brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies node 
brew uninstall --force node 

第二步 安装NVM

更新homebrew包,并安装nvm

brew update 
brew install nvm

安装成功后,会观察到如下提示:

You should create NVM's working directory if it doesn't exist:

  mkdir ~/.nvm

Add the following to ~/.zshrc or your desired shell
configuration file:

  export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
  [ -s "/opt/homebrew/opt/nvm/nvm.sh" ] && . "/opt/homebrew/opt/nvm/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm
  [ -s "/opt/homebrew/opt/nvm/etc/bash_completion.d/nvm" ] && . "/opt/homebrew/opt/nvm/etc/bash_completion.d/nvm"  # This loads nvm bash_completion

You can set $NVM_DIR to any location, but leaving it unchanged from
/opt/homebrew/opt/nvm will destroy any nvm-installed Node installations
upon upgrade/reinstall.
Type `nvm help` for further information.

根据提示,创建一个目录作为NVM的主目录

mkdir ~/.nvm

将如下内容写入到~/.zshrc中

 export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
  [ -s "/opt/homebrew/opt/nvm/nvm.sh" ] && . "/opt/homebrew/opt/nvm/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm
  [ -s "/opt/homebrew/opt/nvm/etc/bash_completion.d/nvm" ] && . "/opt/homebrew/opt/nvm/etc/bash_completion.d/nvm"  # This loads nvm bash_completion

并在当前命令行环境中进行加载

source ~/.zshrc

至此NVM已经安装完成

第三步 使用NVM安装node

可使用如下命令查看可以安装的node的版本:

nvm ls-remote 

你可以安装输出列表中的任意版,比如,我使用如下命令安装了当前的长期维护版本

nvm install v16.13.0

安装成功后,可以通如下命令验证安装结果和当前使用版本

nvm ls
截屏

如果你安装了多个版本,可以随时使用如下命令进行版本切换

nvm use 14

结论

本文介绍了如何在macOS上安装NVM和node

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