centos安装oracle19c

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/cpeiqing/article/details/109080202

准备rpm包

1.下载rpm安装包，包括以下两个

oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm

2. 上传至服务器opt文件夹

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安装ORACLE数据库

1. 安装preinstall

yum localinstall -y oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm

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2. 安装Oracle

yum localinstall -y oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

等待安装结果即可。安装完成后的结果如下图：

image.png

3. 修改字符集以及其他的配置

oracle19c的修改配置文件为

vim /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c

主要是修改字符编码 export CHARSET=ZHS16GBK

export ORACLE_VERSION=19c
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
export TEMPLATE_NAME=General_Purpose.dbc
export CHARSET=ZHS16GBK
export PDB_NAME=ORCLPDB1
export LISTENER_NAME=LISTENER
export NUMBER_OF_PDBS=1
export CREATE_AS_CDB=true

初始化数据库

使用root用户进行Oracle数据化操作

/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure

等待Oracle数据库执行初始化操作即可，等待时间较久

image.png

配置环境变量

1.修改oracle用户密码

passwd oracle

2.切换至oracle用户，设置环境变量

su oracle
vim .bash_profile

增加环境变量内容

export  ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export  ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
export  ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
export  ORACLE_PDB_SID=ORCLPDB1
export  PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK

3.使用Oracle登录进行相关的处理

sqlplus / as sysdba

4.创建自动启动pdb的触发器

不设置PDB的开机启动 很多程序无法连接上PDB, 建议使用show pdbs 查看状态, 手工启动也可以. 不能在CDB创建业务数据, 会提示创建的用户名不符合 c###的要求

CREATE TRIGGER open_all_pdbs
AFTER STARTUP ON DATABASE
BEGIN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter pluggable database all open';
END open_all_pdbs;
/

5.安装完毕重启数据库服务器

启动数据库

1.却换至oracle用户

su oracle

2.启动数据库

sqlplus / as sysdba
startup

3.修改用户密码

查看已启用的用户

select username from dba_users where account_status='OPEN';

修改sys、system密码

alter user sys identified by 密码
alter user system identified by 密码

4.切换pdb

alter session set container=ORCLPDB1;
startup

到此，Oracle19c安装配置完成，本地防火墙开放1521端口，即可通过PLSQL登录。

常见问题

1.执行lsnrctl status查看无服务，修改listener.ora

image.png

2.程序无法链接数据库,数据库连接串修改如下

jdbc:oracle:thin:@IP:端口/ORCLPDB1

ora文件配置

1. listener.ora

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = IP地址需修改)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
  (SID_DESC =
  (GLOBAL_DBNAME = ORCLPDB1)
  (SID_NAME = ORCLCDB)
  (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1)
  )
)

2.tnsnames.ora

ORCLCDB =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = ORCLCDB)
    )
  )

LISTENER_ORCLCDB =
  (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

3.sqlnet.ora

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, ONAMES, HOSTNAME)
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8

数据导入导出

1.导入

impdp 用户名/密码@192.168.152.5/ORCLPDB1 dumpfile=123.dmp