关于Netty
Netty 是一个利用 Java 的高级网络的能力,隐藏其背后的复杂性而提供一个易于使用的 API 的客户端/服务器框架。
Maven依赖
io.netty
netty-all
4.1.36.Final
SpringBootApplication
启动器中需要new一个NettyServer,并显式调用启动netty。
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringCloudStudyDemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudStudyDemoApplication.class,args);
try {
new NettyServer(12345).start();
System.out.println("https://blog.csdn.net/moshowgame");
System.out.println("http://127.0.0.1:6688/netty-websocket/index");
}catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println("NettyServerError:"+e.getMessage());
}
}
}
NettyServer
启动的NettyServer,这里进行配置
/**
* NettyServer Netty服务器配置
* @author zhengkai.blog.csdn.net
* @date 2019-06-12
*/
public class NettyServer {
private final int port;
public NettyServer(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
public void start() throws Exception {
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap sb = new ServerBootstrap();
sb.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024);
sb.group(group, bossGroup) // 绑定线程池
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) // 指定使用的channel
.localAddress(this.port)// 绑定监听端口
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer() {
// 绑定客户端连接时候触发操作
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
System.out.println("收到新连接");
//websocket协议本身是基于http协议的,所以这边也要使用http解编码器
ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
//以块的方式来写的处理器
ch.pipeline().addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192));
ch.pipeline().addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws", null, true, 65536 * 10));
ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyWebSocketHandler());
}
});
ChannelFuture cf = sb.bind().sync(); // 服务器异步创建绑定
System.out.println(NettyServer.class + " 启动正在监听: " + cf.channel().localAddress());
cf.channel().closeFuture().sync(); // 关闭服务器通道
} finally {
group.shutdownGracefully().sync(); // 释放线程池资源
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();
}
}
}
MyChannelHandlerPool
通道组池,管理所有websocket连接
/**
* MyChannelHandlerPool
* 通道组池,管理所有websocket连接
* @author zhengkai.blog.csdn.net
* @date 2019-06-12
*/
public class MyChannelHandlerPool {
public MyChannelHandlerPool(){}
public static ChannelGroup channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);
}
MyWebSocketHandler
处理ws一下几种情况:
- channelActive与客户端建立连接
- channelInactive与客户端断开连接
- channelRead0客户端发送消息处理
/**
* NettyServer Netty服务器配置
* @author zhengkai.blog.csdn.net
* @date 2019-06-12
*/
public class NettyServer {
private final int port;
public NettyServer(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
public void start() throws Exception {
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap sb = new ServerBootstrap();
sb.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024);
sb.group(group, bossGroup) // 绑定线程池
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) // 指定使用的channel
.localAddress(this.port)// 绑定监听端口
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer() { // 绑定客户端连接时候触发操作
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
System.out.println("收到新连接");
//websocket协议本身是基于http协议的,所以这边也要使用http解编码器
ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpServerCodec()); //以块的方式来写的处理器
ch.pipeline().addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192));
ch.pipeline().addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws", "WebSocket", true, 65536 * 10));
ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyWebSocketHandler());
}
});
ChannelFuture cf = sb.bind().sync(); // 服务器异步创建绑定
System.out.println(NettyServer.class + " 启动正在监听: " + cf.channel().localAddress());
cf.channel().closeFuture().sync(); // 关闭服务器通道
} finally {
group.shutdownGracefully().sync(); // 释放线程池资源
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync();
}
}}
socket.html
主要是连接ws,发送消息,以及消息反馈
Netty-Websocket
Controller
写好了html当然还需要一个controller来引导页面。
@RestControllerpublic class IndexController {
@GetMapping("/index")
public ModelAndView index(){
ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView("socket");
mav.addObject("uid", RandomUtil.randomNumbers(6));
return mav;
}
}
效果演示
图片.png
图片.png
图片.png
改造netty支持url参数
1.首先,调整一下加载handler的顺序,优先MyWebSocketHandler
在WebSocketServerProtocolHandler
之上。扩展:接私活儿
ch.pipeline().addLast(new MyWebSocketHandler());
ch.pipeline().addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws", null, true, 65536 * 10));
2.其次,改造MyWebSocketHandler
的channelRead
方法,首次连接会是一个FullHttpRequest
类型,可以通过FullHttpRequest.uri()
获取完整ws的URL地址,之后接受信息的话,会是一个TextWebSocketFrame
类型。
public class MyWebSocketHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler {
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("与客户端建立连接,通道开启!");
//添加到channelGroup通道组
MyChannelHandlerPool.channelGroup.add(ctx.channel());
}
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("与客户端断开连接,通道关闭!"); //添加到channelGroup 通道组
MyChannelHandlerPool.channelGroup.remove(ctx.channel());
}
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
//首次连接是FullHttpRequest,处理参数 by zhengkai.blog.csdn.net
if (null != msg && msg instanceof FullHttpRequest) {
FullHttpRequest request = (FullHttpRequest) msg;
String uri = request.uri();
Map paramMap=getUrlParams(uri);
System.out.println("接收到的参数是:"+JSON.toJSONString(paramMap));
//如果url包含参数,需要处理
if(uri.contains("?")){
String newUri=uri.substring(0,uri.indexOf("?"));
System.out.println(newUri);
request.setUri(newUri);
}
}else if(msg instanceof TextWebSocketFrame){
//正常的TEXT消息类型
TextWebSocketFrame frame=(TextWebSocketFrame)msg;
System.out.println("客户端收到服务器数据:" +frame.text());
sendAllMessage(frame.text());
}
super.channelRead(ctx, msg);
}
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, TextWebSocketFrame textWebSocketFrame) throws Exception {
}
private void sendAllMessage(String message){
//收到信息后,群发给所有channel
MyChannelHandlerPool.channelGroup.writeAndFlush( new TextWebSocketFrame(message));
}
private static Map getUrlParams(String url){
Map map = new HashMap<>();
url = url.replace("?",";");
if (!url.contains(";")){
return map;
}
if (url.split(";").length > 0){
String[] arr = url.split(";")[1].split("&");
for (String s : arr){
String key = s.split("=")[0];
String value = s.split("=")[1];
map.put(key,value);
}
return map;
}else{
return map;
}
}}
3.html中的ws地址也进行改造
socket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:12345/ws?uid=666&gid=777");
4.改造后控制台输出情况
收到新连接与客户端建立连接,通道开启!接收到的参数是:{"uid":"666","gid":"777"}/ws客户端收到服务器数据:142531:这里输入消息客户端收到服务器数据:142531:这里输入消息客户端收到服务器数据:142531:这里输入消息
failed: WebSocket opening handshake timed out
听说是ssl wss的情况下才会出现,来自 @around-gao 的解决方法:
把MyWebSocketHandler
和WebSocketServerProtocolHandler
调下顺序就好了。