一、常用命令
1.1、查看磁盘挂载与磁盘使用空间
[root@es1_node ~]# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 26G 1.4G 25G 6% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 912M 8.6M 904M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0
1.2、查看磁盘设备
[root@es1_node ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 26G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 9G 0 disk
└─centos-root 253:0 0 26G 0 lvm /
sr0 11:0 1 4.2G 0 rom
1.3、查看磁盘分区信息
[root@es1_node ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000a80ee
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 9663 MB, 9663676416 bytes, 18874368 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 27.9 GB, 27908898816 bytes, 54509568 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
二、实战扩容
2.1刚在虚拟机上添加了一个9G的磁盘，用lsblk查看
[root@es1_node ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 9G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 4.2G 0 rom
2.2、把新增的磁盘sdb做成pv卷（pvcreate命令）
上面lsblk命令可以看到新加的磁盘设备名是sdb，大小是9G
[root@es1_node ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created.
然后pvdisplay命令查看pv
[root@es1_node ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name centos
PV Size <19.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 4863
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 4863
PV UUID 0kYqOo-Huh0-GUze-1Oxx-GxUf-FLCT-Ggc3Jx
"/dev/sdb" is a new physical volume of "9.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb
VG Name
PV Size 9.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID WeSiK4-eKlK-D4Ba-p1rS-w91Y-rDTW-q3fxMi
或者pvs查看
可以看到pv有9G的free空闲
[root@es1_node ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 centos lvm2 a-- <19.00g 0
/dev/sdb lvm2 --- 9.00g 9.00g
2.3、查看vg（vgs或者vgdisplay命令）
vgs查看，已有vg卷，vg卷名是centos，可以直接在此vg下扩容
[root@es1_node ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
centos 1 2 0 wz--n- <19.00g 0
2.4、vg扩容
[root@es1_node ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sdb
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
[root@es1_node ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
centos 2 2 0 wz--n- 27.99g <9.00g
vgextend: centos---vg卷组名 将/dev/sdb扩展到centos中
vg扩容完成后，vgs查看，vg有9G的free空闲
2.5、lv扩容
lvextend扩容lv，此处是把所有的空间都扩容，lvs查看
[root@es1_node ~]# lvextend -l +100%FREE -n /dev/mapper/centos-root
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <17.00 GiB (4351 extents) to 25.99 GiB (6654 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
[root@es1_node ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
root centos -wi-ao---- 25.99g
swap centos -wi-ao---- 2.00g
2.6、文件系统扩容
df -Th 可以看到文件系统类型是xfs，所以需要用xfs_growfs命令
ps：如果是ext4类型 用resize2fs 命令
[root@es1_node ~]# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 17G 1.4G 16G 9% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 912M 8.6M 904M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0
[root@es1_node ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=1113856 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=4455424, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 4455424 to 6813696
到此已完成磁盘扩容的全部步骤，可以df -Th再次查看磁盘,可以看到/dev/mapper/centos-root 从17G扩展到了26G
[root@es1_node ~]# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 26G 1.4G 25G 6% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 901M 0 901M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 912M 8.6M 904M 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 183M 0 183M 0% /run/user/0
[root@es1_node ~]#