全文见链接https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI2OTA4MTM2NQ==&mid=2650640451&idx=1&sn=2709a6fc1569ed4f9435d6046b41030a&chksm=f2ecfe39c59b772faed31a780b4b77ebe6a5b8c449ffafedf30587f811a08bd8fd3d50caa76d&token=1482275872&lang=zh_CN#rd
If tourist dollars push up the cost of living,locals may be priced out.Analysts at Islandsbanki,a bank,estimate that 1,225 properties in Reykjavik,Iceland’s capital,were listed on Airbnb in the peak season of 2017—more than the number of new homes that were built that year. The local population in Venice has roughly halved over the past 30 years. So,over the past two decades,has that of Dubrovnik in Croatia,an old walled city best known as King’s Landing in“Game of Thrones”. Academics now worry that services for ordinary residents,such as cheap cafés and doctors’s urgeries, will collapse if populations continue to fall.
priced out 被排挤出；价格太高而
Many households are priced out of more vibrant places.
很多家庭被高房价挡在充满活力的地区之外。
price yourself out of the market
■If a company prices itself out of the market,it charges so much for a product or service that no one wants to buy it.（公司）漫天要价致使自己失去市场
collapse [kə'læps]verb
■(of people and business)to suddenly be unable to continue or work correctly（人或企业）崩溃，垮掉，失败
——
Local authorities arecobblingtogether strategies to cope. An extreme reaction is to ban tourists entirely(as Mr Duterte did in Boracay)or to cap visitor numbers(as Easter Island has done). Many ports,including Venice,limit the number of cruise ships,and there are calls for cities to limit parking spaces for touristcoaches. Both ships and coaches bringtight-fistedvisitors. A study in the British city of Cambridge found that the average coachday-tripperspends just £3.
cobble UK['kɒb.l]US['kɑ:.bl]verb
cobble sth together
■to do or make something quickly and not very carefully粗制滥造；东拼西凑；匆匆拼凑
•I just had tocobblethis meal together from what I had in the fridge.我只需用冰箱里现成的东西凑合这顿饭。
coach
■a long motor vehicle with comfortable seats,used to take groups of people on journeys长途汽车；长途客车
tight-fisted [ˌtaɪt'fɪs.tɪd](alsotight)informaldisapproving
■unwilling to spend money用钱不大方的，吝啬的
day-tripper ■n.当天结束旅程的旅客
——
A moresubtleapproach is to fiddle withtaxes and charges,so that they better reflect the costs tourists impose. Tourists staying in hotels in central Amsterdam pay a higher tax rate than those staying farther away. In Edinburgh councillors are reportedly considering a tourist tax,revenues from which would be spent on rubbish collection or improving infrastructure.
subtle UK['sʌt.l]US['sʌtˌ-]approving
■not loud,bright,noticeable or obvious in any way隐约的；暗淡的；不易察觉的，不明显的；微妙的
•The play's message is perhaps toosubtleto be understood by young children.这部戏的内涵过于隐晦，小孩子可能难以理解。
■achieved in a quiet way which does not attract attention to itself and which is therefore good or clever微妙的，精妙的；巧妙的
•asubtleplan/suggestion巧妙的计划／建议
fiddle ['fɪd.l]verb
■to act dishonestly in order to get something for yourself,or to change something dishonestly,especially to your advantage（尤指为个人利益而）用诡计获得，篡改，伪造
fiddle (about/around) with sth
■to make small changes to something to try to make it work拨弄；摆弄
fiddle while Rome burns
■to enjoy yourself or continue working as normal and not give any attention to something important and unpleasant that is happening that you should be taking action to prevent不管不问；漠不关心（对应当采取行动阻止的重要或不愉快事情不予关心，继续如常玩乐工作）
•Environmentalists claimed governments werefiddlingwhile Rome burned.环保主义者称政府大事不管管小事。
——
Thordis Gylfadottir,Iceland’s tourist minister,says another part of the answer is to spread visits out. In 2010 half of the country’s tourists arrived during the summer. Thanks to marketing campaigns and better infrastructure for travel during winter months,now only a third do. Ms Gylfadottir hopes that new direct flights from Britain to northern Iceland will provide additional relief to Reykjavik and allow undiscovered sites to scoop upwelcome tourist revenues.
scoop [sku:p]
■to get a large number of votes or prizes大量获得（选票或奖项）
•The socialist party is expected toscoopupthe majority of the working-class vote.人们预料社会党将赢得劳工阶级的大多数选票。
scoop sth/sb up
■to lift something or someone with your hands or arms in a quick movement（迅速）捡起，拾起，抱起
•Shescoopedthe children up and ran with them to safety.她一把抱起孩子们，带着他们奔向安全地带。
•Iscoopedup my belongings into my handbag.我匆忙把自己的东西塞进包里。
——
Many cities are alsotacklingbad behaviour. Paola Mar,Venice’s tourism chief,thinks a change in the type of tourists has led to more problems. In the 1970s and 1980s most were from western Europe,America or Japan. They came to eat in traditional restaurants and visit art museums. Today tourists are often day-trippers from Italy’s resorts,or are on their first trip abroad from Asia. They crowd the pavements with packed lunches rather than spend money in shops and restaurants. Locals call them“munchandflee”visitors.
tackle ['tæk.l]verb
■to try to deal with something or someone对付，处理；与…交涉
•There are many ways oftacklingthis problem.处理这个问题有许多办法。
munch [mʌntʃ]verbintransitive or transitive
■to eat something,especially noisily大声咀嚼
•We watched hermunchher way through two packets of peanuts.我们看着她津津有味地嚼完了两包花生。
■food 食物，吃的东西
flee [fli:](fleeing,fled,fled)
■to escape by running away,especially because of danger or fear（尤指因危险或恐惧而）逃跑
——
The maturing taste of Chinese tourists mayreassureVenetian locals. A recent survey by McKinsey finds that they increasingly dislikecoach tours,group visits and seeing the main landmarks. First-time tourists travel in tour groups,but more experienced ones prefer independent travel. Nearly three-quarters of the Chinese tourists polled by Oliver Wyman,another consultancy,said they had mostly planned their trips by themselves in 2016,up from 49% the year before.
reassure UK[ˌri:.ə'ʃɔ:r]US[-'ʃʊr]verbtransitive
■to comfort someone and stop them from worrying使安心；使打消疑虑；安慰
•[+toinfinitive]I was nervous on my first day at college,but I wasreassuredtosee some friendly faces.踏进大学的第一天我很紧张，但是当我看到那么多友善的脸孔，心里感到踏实多了。
——
Venice iscurrently designing a plan to encourage tourists to stay longerby nudgingthem to visit more than just the main sights. Another option would be to improve its infrastructure.A study by the University of Venice in 1988 found the city could hold at most 20,750 visitors a day. That is around a quarter of traffic today.The increased demand has not been met by building better public transport.
nudge /nʌdʒ/
to gently persuade or encourage someone to take a particular decision or action←劝说；鼓励：
nudge somebody into/towards something
We’re trying to nudge them towards a practical solution.→我们正在努力促使他们找出一种切实可行的解决方法。
——
Traditionalists may object to any new infrastructure in beautiful old cities. But Venice has already built a motorway and a railway station over the past two centuries.More links could benefit residents and touristsalike. One Chinese touristjostlingto see the Rialto Bridge told your correspondent he thought this was a good idea.“I might be able to see more of the history that way,”he explained.
alike[ə'laɪk]adjective[after verb]
IMPROVER
■similar;like each other相似的，类似的；相像的
■used after referring to two groups of people or things to show that both groups are included两者都；同样地，同等地
»Good management benefits employers and employees alike. 良好的管理对雇主和雇员同样有利。
jostle UK['dʒɒs.l]US['dʒɑ:.sl]verbintransitive or transitive
■to knock or push roughly against someone in order to move past them or get more space when you are in a crowd of people挤；推；撞
•As we came into the arena,we werejostledby fans pushing their way towards the stage.我们进入场内时，被涌向舞台的歌迷左推右撞
jostle for sth
■If people jostle for something,they compete with each other in order to get what they want为…竞争，争夺
As boatsjostle forspace on the lake,fishermen are getting desperately worried about their livelihoods.
由于船要争夺湖上的位置，一些渔民极其担心他们的生计问题。