cmake动态库编译和链接linux

在102cmake_lib目录下新建一个CMakeLists.txt

wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ ls

CMakeLists.txt test_xlog xlog

首先新建一个CMakeLists.txt

#CMakeLists.txt test_xlog xlog
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(xlog)
add_library(xlog SHARED xlog/xlog.cpp)
add_executable(test_xlog test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp xlog)

wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake -S . -B build
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 9.4.0
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 9.4.0
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/wj/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ ls
build  CMakeLists.txt  test_xlog  xlog

编译的时候报错。

wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake --build build
[ 25%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/xlog.dir/xlog/xlog.cpp.o
[ 50%] Linking CXX shared library libxlog.so
[ 50%] Built target xlog
[ 75%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp.o
/home/wj/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp:2:10: fatal error: xlog.h: 没有那个文件或目录
    2 | #include "xlog.h"
      |          ^~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/build.make:76：CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp.o] 错误 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:111：CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/all] 错误 2
make: *** [Makefile:91：all] 错误 2

修改CMakeLists.txt

#CMakeLists.txt test_xlog xlog
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(xlog)
include_directories("xlog") #增加头文件路径
add_library(xlog SHARED xlog/xlog.cpp)
add_executable(test_xlog test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp xlog)

继续编译运行：

wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake -S . -B build
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/wj/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake --build build
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target xlog
[ 50%] Built target xlog
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target test_xlog
[ 75%] Linking CXX executable test_xlog
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp.o: in function `main':
test_xlog.cpp:(.text+0x2a): undefined reference to `XLog::XLog()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/build.make:97：test_xlog] 错误 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:111：CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/all] 错误 2
make: *** [Makefile:91：all] 错误 2

继续修改CMakeLists.txt 成为下面这样。

#CMakeLists.txt test_xlog xlog
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(xlog)
#include_directories("xlog") #增加头文件路径
add_library(xlog SHARED xlog/xlog.cpp)
#add_executable(test_xlog test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp xlog)

编译运行：可以看到libxlog.so动态库已经生成了。

wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake -S . -B build
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/wj/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake --build build
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target xlog
[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/xlog.dir/xlog/xlog.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX shared library libxlog.so
[100%] Built target xlog
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cd build/
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build$ ls
CMakeCache.txt  CMakeFiles  cmake_install.cmake  libxlog.a  libxlog.so  Makefile

继续修改CMakeLists.txt 成为下面这样。

#CMakeLists.txt test_xlog xlog
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(xlog)
#include_directories("xlog") #增加头文件路径
add_library(xlog SHARED xlog/xlog.cpp)
#add_executable(test_xlog test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp xlog)
add_executable(test_xlog test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp)

编译如下：编译报错，xlog.h头文件报错

wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake -S . -B build
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/wj/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake --build build
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target xlog
[ 50%] Built target xlog
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target test_xlog
[ 75%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp.o
/home/wj/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp:2:10: fatal error: xlog.h: 没有那个文件或目录
    2 | #include "xlog.h"
      |          ^~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/build.make:76：CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp.o] 错误 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:111：CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/all] 错误 2
make: *** [Makefile:91：all] 错误 2

修改CMakeLists.txt ，增加头文件路径，修复编译报错：

#CMakeLists.txt test_xlog xlog
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(xlog)
include_directories("xlog") #增加头文件路径
add_library(xlog SHARED xlog/xlog.cpp)
#add_executable(test_xlog test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp xlog)
add_executable(test_xlog test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp)

再次编译如下，可以看到编译没有问题，但是链接出现问题了：

wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake -S . -B build
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/wj/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake --build build
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target xlog
[ 25%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/xlog.dir/xlog/xlog.cpp.o
[ 50%] Linking CXX shared library libxlog.so
[ 50%] Built target xlog
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target test_xlog
[ 75%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable test_xlog
/usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp.o: in function `main':
test_xlog.cpp:(.text+0x2a): undefined reference to `XLog::XLog()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/build.make:97：test_xlog] 错误 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:111：CMakeFiles/test_xlog.dir/all] 错误 2
make: *** [Makefile:91：all] 错误 2

修改链接错误，增加链接库路径：

#CMakeLists.txt test_xlog xlog
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(xlog)
include_directories("xlog") #增加头文件路径
add_library(xlog SHARED xlog/xlog.cpp)
#add_executable(test_xlog test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp xlog)
add_executable(test_xlog test_xlog/test_xlog.cpp)
target_link_libraries(test_xlog xlog)

编译运行如下：

wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake -S . -B build
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/wj/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cmake --build build
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target xlog
[ 50%] Built target xlog
Consolidate compiler generated dependencies of target test_xlog
[ 75%] Linking CXX executable test_xlog
[100%] Built target test_xlog
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ ls
build  CMakeLists.txt  test_xlog  xlog
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib$ cd build/
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build$ ls
CMakeCache.txt  CMakeFiles  cmake_install.cmake  libxlog.a  libxlog.so  Makefile  test_xlog
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build$ ./test_xlog 
Create XLog
test xlog

查看test_xlog依赖的动态库：

wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build$ ldd test_xlog
    linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffecb376000)
    libxlog.so => /home/wj/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build/libxlog.so (0x00007ff84ee17000)
    libstdc++.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007ff84ec21000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007ff84ea2f000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007ff84e8e0000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007ff84ee23000)
    libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007ff84e8c5000)

将test_xlog移动到 ~目录下，然后执行，如下所示：

wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build$ cp test_xlog ~/
wj@wj:~/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build$ cd ~
wj@wj:~$ ls
公共的  模板  视频  图片  文档  下载  音乐  桌面  bin  cmake  snap  SSD_1T  test_xlog  WORK
wj@wj:~$ ./test_xlog 
Create XLog
test xlog
wj@wj:~$ ldd test_xlog 
    linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff3ad13000)
    libxlog.so => /home/wj/cmake/cmake_learn/102cmake_lib/build/libxlog.so (0x00007ff00d62a000)
    libstdc++.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007ff00d434000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007ff00d242000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007ff00d0f3000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007ff00d636000)
    libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007ff00d0d8000)