十七、连词

连词（conj.）

• 属于虚词，不扮演任何角色，功能是：连接，连接的是词与词、句子与句子、短语与短语；分为两大类：平等连词与从属连词，连词没有情景变形，因此只从连词成员一个维度展开。

• 平等连词：连接的左右两个部分是平等一致的，即相同词性的两个词(诸如主宾格也要一致）、相同短语或两个句子(非从句)

  1. 表并列关系
     • and 和，也 you had better go home and rest.
     • 句子中使用have,let,make,see,hear,watch等使役动词做谓语时，做宾补的不定式要省略to
     • both A and B 两者都 these clothes are for both you and him
     • A as well as B 也，又，除了....还.... 强调前面A的内容 Bruce as well as Blenda was my student.
     • not only A but also B 不仅....还.... 强调后面B的内容 I like to eat not only apple but also banana.
     • or 或者，否则 Would you like coffee or tea?
     • either A or B 不是....就是..... 两者之一 ，与or意思相近。you can choose either to stay here or to leave.
     • neither A nor B 既不是...也不是...，与either or 意思相反 we lack neither food nor clothing today
     • A rather than B 与其...不如...，宁愿...也不...,是...而不是... I would like to stay downstairs rather than upstairs.
  2. 表转折关系
     • but 但是
     • except that 除了 The restaurant has nothing to recommend except than it's cheap.
     • however 然而 ,尽管如此 It's raining hard . however , I still want to go there.
     • nevertheless 与however 用法基本一致
     • otherwise 否则 Be modest ,otherwise you will lag behind.
     • yet 还
     • whereas 但是，而
  3. 表因果关系
     • so 因此 Keep down so you won't be hit by shell fragments.
     • therefore 然而，所以，故而 He was busy,therefore he couldn't come.
  4. 表递进关系
     • furthermore 而且，此外，再者说 I don't want to go there,furthermore ,I have no time to do so.
     • moreover 与furthermore 意思近似
     • what's more 而且，更重要的是 Jack speaks English ,and what's more he speak it very well.

• 从属连词：用于连接主句和从句，可连接（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句以及状语从句