【解决方案】64位Linux系统下无法编译、运行32位C、C++程序的解决办法
【故障】
1. 从32位系统里面复制过来的32位C或C++程序无法运行，提示找不到程序文件，或找不到libstdc++.so.6库
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$ ./test32
bash: ./test32: No such file or directory
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$ ./p32
bash: ./p32: No such file or directory[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$ ./p32
./p32: error while loading shared libraries: libstdc++.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory2. gcc或g++带-m32选项编译成32位的程序，提示失败。例如：
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$ gcc test.c -m32
In file included from /usr/include/features.h:452,
from /usr/include/bits/libc-header-start.h:33,
from /usr/include/stdint.h:26,
from /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/include/stdint.h:9,
from test.c:1:
/usr/include/gnu/stubs.h:7:11: fatal error: gnu/stubs-32.h: No such file or directory
# include
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$ [oct1158@oct1158-fedora clocktest]$ g++ p.cpp -m32 -o p
/usr/bin/ld: skipping incompatible /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/8/libstdc++.so when searching for -lstdc++
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lstdc++【解决方案】
安装相同版本的i686平台的libgcc和libstdc++。这里所说的相同版本，是指和系统里已有的x86_64平台编译器相同的版本。不相同的版本是不能共存的。
所以，安装前，必须先将已有的64位libgcc和libstdc++升级到最新版本。可以直接升级gcc和gcc-c++：
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$ sudo dnf upgrade gcc gcc-c++
[sudo] password for oct1158:
Last metadata expiration check: 0:32:31 ago on Sun 10 Mar 2019 13:01:22 CST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Upgrading:
cpp x86_64 8.3.1-2.fc29 updates 10 M
gcc x86_64 8.3.1-2.fc29 updates 23 M
gcc-c++ x86_64 8.3.1-2.fc29 updates 12 M
gcc-gdb-plugin x86_64 8.3.1-2.fc29 updates 139 k
libgcc x86_64 8.3.1-2.fc29 updates 100 k
libgomp x86_64 8.3.1-2.fc29 updates 210 k
libstdc++ x86_64 8.3.1-2.fc29 updates 460 k
libstdc++-devel x86_64 8.3.1-2.fc29 updates 2.1 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Upgrade 8 Packages
Total download size: 48 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/8): cpp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm 41 kB/s | 10 MB 04:08
(2/8): gcc-gdb-plugin-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm 34 kB/s | 139 kB 00:04
(3/8): libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm 32 kB/s | 100 kB 00:03
(4/8): libgomp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm 33 kB/s | 210 kB 00:06
(5/8): libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm 38 kB/s | 460 kB 00:12
(6/8): gcc-c++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm 44 kB/s | 12 MB 04:37
(7/8): libstdc++-devel-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm 62 kB/s | 2.1 MB 00:34
(8/8): gcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm 49 kB/s | 23 MB 08:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 101 kB/s | 48 MB 08:03
warning: /var/cache/dnf/updates-0b4cc238d1aa4ffe/packages/cpp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 429476b4: NOKEY
Fedora 29 - x86_64 - Updates 1.6 kB/s | 1.6 kB 00:01
Importing GPG key 0x429476B4:
Userid : "Fedora 29 (29) "
Fingerprint: 5A03 B4DD 8254 ECA0 2FDA 1637 A20A A56B 4294 76B4
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-29-x86_64
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Upgrade: libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 1/16
Running scriptlet: libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 1/16
Upgrade: libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 2/16
Running scriptlet: libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 2/16
Upgrade: libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: libstdc++-devel-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : libstdc++-devel-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 3/16
Upgrade: libstdc++-devel-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: libgomp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : libgomp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 4/16
Running scriptlet: libgomp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 4/16
Upgrade: libgomp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: cpp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : cpp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 5/16
Running scriptlet: cpp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 5/16
Upgrade: cpp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: gcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : gcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 6/16
Running scriptlet: gcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 6/16
Upgrade: gcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: gcc-c++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : gcc-c++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 7/16
Upgrade: gcc-c++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: gcc-gdb-plugin-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : gcc-gdb-plugin-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 8/16
Running scriptlet: gcc-gdb-plugin-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 8/16
Upgrade: gcc-gdb-plugin-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: gcc-gdb-plugin-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : gcc-gdb-plugin-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 9/16
Upgraded: gcc-gdb-plugin-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: gcc-gdb-plugin-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 9/16
Upgraded: gcc-c++-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : gcc-c++-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 10/16
Upgraded: gcc-c++-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: libstdc++-devel-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : libstdc++-devel-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 11/16
Upgraded: libstdc++-devel-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: gcc-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: gcc-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 12/16
Cleanup : gcc-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 12/16
Upgraded: gcc-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: libstdc++-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : libstdc++-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 13/16
Upgraded: libstdc++-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: libstdc++-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 13/16
Upgraded: libgcc-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : libgcc-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 14/16
Upgraded: libgcc-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: libgcc-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 14/16
Upgraded: cpp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: cpp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 15/16
Cleanup : cpp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 15/16
Upgraded: cpp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: libgomp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: libgomp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 16/16
Cleanup : libgomp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 16/16
Upgraded: libgomp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: libgomp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 16/16
Verifying : cpp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 1/16
Verifying : cpp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 2/16
Verifying : gcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 3/16
Verifying : gcc-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 4/16
Verifying : gcc-c++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 5/16
Verifying : gcc-c++-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 6/16
Verifying : gcc-gdb-plugin-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 7/16
Verifying : gcc-gdb-plugin-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 8/16
Verifying : libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 9/16
Verifying : libgcc-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 10/16
Verifying : libgomp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 11/16
Verifying : libgomp-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 12/16
Verifying : libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 13/16
Verifying : libstdc++-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 14/16
Verifying : libstdc++-devel-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 15/16
Verifying : libstdc++-devel-8.2.1-5.fc29.x86_64 16/16
Upgraded:
cpp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 gcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
gcc-c++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 gcc-gdb-plugin-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 libgomp-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 libstdc++-devel-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64
Complete!
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$ 然后安装glibc.i686：
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$ sudo dnf install glibc.i686
[sudo] password for oct1158:
Last metadata expiration check: 0:46:32 ago on Sun 10 Mar 2019 13:01:22 CST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
glibc i686 2.28-26.fc29 updates 3.5 M
Upgrading:
glibc x86_64 2.28-26.fc29 updates 3.8 M
glibc-all-langpacks x86_64 2.28-26.fc29 updates 25 M
glibc-common x86_64 2.28-26.fc29 updates 799 k
glibc-devel x86_64 2.28-26.fc29 updates 1.0 M
glibc-headers x86_64 2.28-26.fc29 updates 464 k
glibc-langpack-en x86_64 2.28-26.fc29 updates 815 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Upgrade 6 Packages
Total download size: 36 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/7): glibc-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64.rpm 43 kB/s | 3.8 MB 01:29
(2/7): glibc-2.28-26.fc29.i686.rpm 37 kB/s | 3.5 MB 01:37
(3/7): glibc-common-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64.rpm 26 kB/s | 799 kB 00:30
(4/7): glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64.rpm 35 kB/s | 1.0 MB 00:29
(5/7): glibc-headers-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64.rpm 35 kB/s | 464 kB 00:13
(6/7): glibc-langpack-en-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64.rp 47 kB/s | 815 kB 00:17
(7/7): glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64. 58 kB/s | 25 MB 07:27
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 81 kB/s | 36 MB 07:29
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Upgrade: glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 1/13
Upgrade: glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: glibc-common-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : glibc-common-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 2/13
Upgrade: glibc-common-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: glibc-langpack-en-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : glibc-langpack-en-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 3/13
Upgrade: glibc-langpack-en-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: glibc-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: glibc-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 4/13
Upgrading : glibc-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 4/13
Running scriptlet: glibc-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 4/13
Upgrade: glibc-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: glibc-headers-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: glibc-headers-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 5/13
Upgrading : glibc-headers-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 5/13
Upgrade: glibc-headers-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Upgrade: glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 6/13
Running scriptlet: glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 6/13
Upgrade: glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Installed: glibc-2.28-26.fc29.i686
Running scriptlet: glibc-2.28-26.fc29.i686 7/13
Installing : glibc-2.28-26.fc29.i686 7/13
Running scriptlet: glibc-2.28-26.fc29.i686 7/13
Installed: glibc-2.28-26.fc29.i686
Upgraded: glibc-devel-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: glibc-devel-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 8/13
Cleanup : glibc-devel-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 8/13
Upgraded: glibc-devel-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: glibc-headers-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : glibc-headers-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 9/13
Upgraded: glibc-headers-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 10/13
Upgraded: glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 10/13
Upgraded: glibc-common-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : glibc-common-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 11/13
Upgraded: glibc-common-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: glibc-langpack-en-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : glibc-langpack-en-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 12/13
Upgraded: glibc-langpack-en-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: glibc-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : glibc-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 13/13
Upgraded: glibc-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64
Running scriptlet: glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 13/13
Running scriptlet: glibc-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 13/13
Running scriptlet: glibc-common-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 13/13
Verifying : glibc-2.28-26.fc29.i686 1/13
Verifying : glibc-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 2/13
Verifying : glibc-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 3/13
Verifying : glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 4/13
Verifying : glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 5/13
Verifying : glibc-common-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 6/13
Verifying : glibc-common-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 7/13
Verifying : glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 8/13
Verifying : glibc-devel-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 9/13
Verifying : glibc-headers-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 10/13
Verifying : glibc-headers-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 11/13
Verifying : glibc-langpack-en-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 12/13
Verifying : glibc-langpack-en-2.28-17.fc29.x86_64 13/13
Upgraded:
glibc-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 glibc-all-langpacks-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
glibc-common-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
glibc-headers-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 glibc-langpack-en-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64
Installed:
glibc-2.28-26.fc29.i686
Complete!
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$ 现在已经可以运行32版本的C程序，但是无法运行32位版本的C++程序，也无法编译32位的C/C++程序。
安装glibc-devel.i686：
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$ sudo dnf install glibc-devel.i686
[sudo] password for oct1158:
Last metadata expiration check: 1:15:38 ago on Sun 10 Mar 2019 13:01:22 CST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
glibc-devel i686 2.28-26.fc29 updates 1.0 M
Upgrading:
libxcrypt x86_64 4.4.4-1.fc29 updates 119 k
replacing libxcrypt-common.noarch 4.2.3-1.fc29
libxcrypt-devel x86_64 4.4.4-1.fc29 updates 34 k
Installing dependencies:
libgcc i686 8.3.1-2.fc29 updates 107 k
libxcrypt i686 4.4.4-1.fc29 updates 126 k
replacing libxcrypt-common.noarch 4.2.3-1.fc29
libxcrypt-devel i686 4.4.4-1.fc29 updates 34 k
whois-nls noarch 5.4.1-1.fc29 updates 32 k
Installing weak dependencies:
whois-mkpasswd x86_64 5.4.1-1.fc29 updates 38 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 6 Packages
Upgrade 2 Packages
Total size: 1.5 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
[SKIPPED] glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.i686.rpm: Already downloaded
[SKIPPED] libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686.rpm: Already downloaded
[SKIPPED] libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686.rpm: Already downloaded
[SKIPPED] libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686.rpm: Already downloaded
[SKIPPED] whois-mkpasswd-5.4.1-1.fc29.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded
[SKIPPED] whois-nls-5.4.1-1.fc29.noarch.rpm: Already downloaded
[SKIPPED] libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded
[SKIPPED] libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64.rpm: Already downloaded
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installed: whois-nls-5.4.1-1.fc29.noarch
Installing : whois-nls-5.4.1-1.fc29.noarch 1/11
Installed: whois-nls-5.4.1-1.fc29.noarch
Upgrade: libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64 2/11
Upgrade: libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64
Installed: whois-mkpasswd-5.4.1-1.fc29.x86_64
Installing : whois-mkpasswd-5.4.1-1.fc29.x86_64 3/11
Installed: whois-mkpasswd-5.4.1-1.fc29.x86_64
Installed: libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686
Installing : libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686 4/11
Installed: libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686
Installed: libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686
Installing : libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686 5/11
Running scriptlet: libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686 5/11
Installed: libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686
Installed: libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686
Installing : libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686 6/11
Installed: libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686
Installed: glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.i686
Installing : glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.i686 7/11
Running scriptlet: glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.i686 7/11
Installed: glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.i686
Upgrade: libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64
Upgrading : libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64 8/11
Upgrade: libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: libxcrypt-devel-4.2.3-1.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : libxcrypt-devel-4.2.3-1.fc29.x86_64 9/11
Upgraded: libxcrypt-devel-4.2.3-1.fc29.x86_64
Upgraded: libxcrypt-4.2.3-1.fc29.x86_64
Cleanup : libxcrypt-4.2.3-1.fc29.x86_64 10/11
Upgraded: libxcrypt-4.2.3-1.fc29.x86_64
Obsoleted: libxcrypt-common-4.2.3-1.fc29.noarch
Obsoleting : libxcrypt-common-4.2.3-1.fc29.noarch 11/11
Obsoleted: libxcrypt-common-4.2.3-1.fc29.noarch
Running scriptlet: libxcrypt-common-4.2.3-1.fc29.noarch 11/11
Verifying : glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.i686 1/11
Verifying : libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686 2/11
Verifying : libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686 3/11
Verifying : libxcrypt-common-4.2.3-1.fc29.noarch 4/11
Verifying : libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686 5/11
Verifying : whois-mkpasswd-5.4.1-1.fc29.x86_64 6/11
Verifying : whois-nls-5.4.1-1.fc29.noarch 7/11
Verifying : libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64 8/11
Verifying : libxcrypt-4.2.3-1.fc29.x86_64 9/11
Verifying : libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64 10/11
Verifying : libxcrypt-devel-4.2.3-1.fc29.x86_64 11/11
Upgraded:
libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64 libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.x86_64
Installed:
glibc-devel-2.28-26.fc29.i686 whois-mkpasswd-5.4.1-1.fc29.x86_64
libgcc-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686 libxcrypt-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686
libxcrypt-devel-4.4.4-1.fc29.i686 whois-nls-5.4.1-1.fc29.noarch
Complete!
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 32env]$就可以编译32位C程序了。
为了编译和运行32位的C++程序，可以安装libstdc++.i686：
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora clocktest]$ sudo dnf install libstdc++.i686
Last metadata expiration check: 0:08:24 ago on Fri 08 Mar 2019 14:01:57 CST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
libstdc++ i686 8.3.1-2.fc29 updates 497 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 497 k
Installed size: 1.7 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686.rpm 254 kB/s | 497 kB 00:01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 105 kB/s | 497 kB 00:04
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686 1/1
Running scriptlet: libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686 1/1
Verifying : libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686 1/1
Installed:
libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686
Complete!
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora clocktest]$ 可以用下面的命令查看已安装的版本：
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora clocktest]$ sudo dnf install glibc libstdc++
Last metadata expiration check: 0:23:33 ago on Fri 08 Mar 2019 14:01:57 CST.
Package glibc-2.28-26.fc29.x86_64 is already installed.
Package glibc-2.28-26.fc29.i686 is already installed.
Package libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.x86_64 is already installed.
Package libstdc++-8.3.1-2.fc29.i686 is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora clocktest]$
32位和64位的版本必须相同才能安装，切记！
接下来，编译一个C++程序测试一下：
#include
using namespace std;
class A
{
private:
const char *p;
public:
A(const char *s);
void test(void);
};
A::A(const char *s) : p(s)
{
}
void A::test(void)
{
cout << p << endl;
}
int main(void)
{
A *a = new A("Hello World!");
a->test();
delete a;
return 0;
}
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora clocktest]$ g++ p.cpp -m32 -o p
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora clocktest]$ ./p
Hello World!
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora clocktest]$ file p
p: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux.so.2, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, BuildID[sha1]=8cf224918f0a6259f5aea2411ec973a2234a1b02, not stripped
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora clocktest]$ 这一次编译就成功了
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 4.9.1]$ ./cc1
./cc1: error while loading shared libraries: libz.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory找不到libz.so.1的问题也可以用同样的方法解决。
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 4.9.1]$ sudo dnf upgrade zlib
Last metadata expiration check: 0:04:39 ago on Fri 08 Mar 2019 14:34:16 CST.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 4.9.1]$ sudo dnf install zlib.i686
Last metadata expiration check: 0:04:52 ago on Fri 08 Mar 2019 14:34:16 CST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
zlib i686 1.2.11-14.fc29 fedora 91 k
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 91 k
Installed size: 201 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
zlib-1.2.11-14.fc29.i686.rpm 65 kB/s | 91 kB 00:01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 23 kB/s | 91 kB 00:03
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : zlib-1.2.11-14.fc29.i686 1/1
Running scriptlet: zlib-1.2.11-14.fc29.i686 1/1
Verifying : zlib-1.2.11-14.fc29.i686 1/1
Installed:
zlib-1.2.11-14.fc29.i686
Complete!
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 4.9.1]$ ./cc1
^C
[oct1158@oct1158-fedora 4.9.1]$
装了zlib.i686就可以运行了cc1程序了。