Spring源码系列--3. Annotation IOC容器

Spring IOC 容器对于类级别的注解和类内部的注解分以下两种处理策略:

  • 类级别的注解:如@Component、@Repository、@Controller、@Service 以及 JavaEE6 的
    @ManagedBean 和@Named 注解,都是添加在类上面的类级别注解,Spring 容器根据注解的过滤规则扫描读取注解 Bean 定义类,并将其注册到 Spring IOC 容器中。
  • 类内部的注解:如@Autowire、@Value、@Resource 以及 EJB 和 WebService 相关的注解等,
    都是添加在类内部的字段或者方法上的类内部注解,SpringIOC 容器通过 Bean 后置注解处理器解析
    Bean 内部的注解。
    下面将根据这两种处理策略,分别分析 Spring 处理注解相关的源码


    image.png

1.定位 Bean 扫描路径

在 Spring 中 管 理 注 解 Bean 定 义 的 容 器 有 两 个 : AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 和
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContex。这两个类是专门处理 Spring 注解方式配置的容器,直接
依赖于注解作为容器配置信息来源的 IOC 容器。AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext 是
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 的 Web 版本,两者的用法以及对注解的处理方式几乎没有差
别。现在我们以 AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 为例看看它的源码:

public class AnnotationConfigApplicationContext extends GenericApplicationContext implements AnnotationConfigRegistry {

    //保存一个读取注解的Bean定义读取器,并将其设置到容器中
    private final AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader reader;

    //保存一个扫描指定类路径中注解Bean定义的扫描器,并将其设置到容器中
    private final ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner;


    /**
     * Create a new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext that needs to be populated
     * through {@link #register} calls and then manually {@linkplain #refresh refreshed}.
     */
    //默认构造函数,初始化一个空容器,容器不包含任何 Bean 信息,需要在稍后通过调用其register()
    //方法注册配置类,并调用refresh()方法刷新容器,触发容器对注解Bean的载入、解析和注册过程
    public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
        this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
        this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext with the given DefaultListableBeanFactory.
     * @param beanFactory the DefaultListableBeanFactory instance to use for this context
     */
    public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
        super(beanFactory);
        this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
        this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext, deriving bean definitions
     * from the given annotated classes and automatically refreshing the context.
     * @param annotatedClasses one or more annotated classes,
     * e.g. {@link Configuration @Configuration} classes
     */
    //最常用的构造函数,通过将涉及到的配置类传递给该构造函数,以实现将相应配置类中的Bean自动注册到容器中
    public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Class... annotatedClasses) {
        this();
        register(annotatedClasses);
        refresh();
    }

    /**
     * Create a new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext, scanning for bean definitions
     * in the given packages and automatically refreshing the context.
     * @param basePackages the packages to check for annotated classes
     */
    //该构造函数会自动扫描以给定的包及其子包下的所有类,并自动识别所有的Spring Bean,将其注册到容器中
    public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(String... basePackages) {
        this();
        scan(basePackages);
        refresh();
    }


    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * 

Delegates given environment to underlying {@link AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader} * and {@link ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner} members. */ @Override public void setEnvironment(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) { super.setEnvironment(environment); this.reader.setEnvironment(environment); this.scanner.setEnvironment(environment); } /** * Provide a custom {@link BeanNameGenerator} for use with {@link AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader} * and/or {@link ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner}, if any. *

Default is {@link org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationBeanNameGenerator}. *

Any call to this method must occur prior to calls to {@link #register(Class...)} * and/or {@link #scan(String...)}. * @see AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader#setBeanNameGenerator * @see ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner#setBeanNameGenerator */ //为容器的注解Bean读取器和注解Bean扫描器设置Bean名称产生器 public void setBeanNameGenerator(BeanNameGenerator beanNameGenerator) { this.reader.setBeanNameGenerator(beanNameGenerator); this.scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(beanNameGenerator); getBeanFactory().registerSingleton( AnnotationConfigUtils.CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR, beanNameGenerator); } /** * Set the {@link ScopeMetadataResolver} to use for detected bean classes. *

The default is an {@link AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver}. *

Any call to this method must occur prior to calls to {@link #register(Class...)} * and/or {@link #scan(String...)}. */ //为容器的注解Bean读取器和注解Bean扫描器设置作用范围元信息解析器 public void setScopeMetadataResolver(ScopeMetadataResolver scopeMetadataResolver) { this.reader.setScopeMetadataResolver(scopeMetadataResolver); this.scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(scopeMetadataResolver); } //--------------------------------------------------------------------- // Implementation of AnnotationConfigRegistry //--------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Register one or more annotated classes to be processed. *

Note that {@link #refresh()} must be called in order for the context * to fully process the new classes. * @param annotatedClasses one or more annotated classes, * e.g. {@link Configuration @Configuration} classes * @see #scan(String...) * @see #refresh() */ //为容器注册一个要被处理的注解Bean,新注册的Bean,必须手动调用容器的 //refresh()方法刷新容器,触发容器对新注册的Bean的处理 @Override public void register(Class... annotatedClasses) { Assert.notEmpty(annotatedClasses, "At least one annotated class must be specified"); this.reader.register(annotatedClasses); } /** * Perform a scan within the specified base packages. *

Note that {@link #refresh()} must be called in order for the context * to fully process the new classes. * @param basePackages the packages to check for annotated classes * @see #register(Class...) * @see #refresh() */ //扫描指定包路径及其子包下的注解类,为了使新添加的类被处理,必须手动调用 //refresh()方法刷新容器 @Override public void scan(String... basePackages) { Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified"); this.scanner.scan(basePackages); } ... }

通过上面的源码分析,我们可以看啊到 Spring 对注解的处理分为两种方式:
1、直接将注解 Bean 注册到容器中可以在初始化容器时注册;也可以在容器创建之后手动调用注册方法向容器注册,然后通过手动刷新容器,使得容器对注册的注解 Bean 进行处理。
2、通过扫描指定的包及其子包下的所有类在初始化注解容器时指定要自动扫描的路径,如果容器创建以后向给定路径动态添加了注解 Bean,则需要手动调用容器扫描的方法,然后手动刷新容器,使得容器对所注册的 Bean 进行处理。
接下来,将会对两种处理方式详细分析其实现过程

2.读取 Annotation 元数据

当创建注解处理容器时,如果传入的初始参数是具体的注解 Bean 定义类时,注解容器读取并注册

1)、AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 通过调用注解 Bean 定义读取器

AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader 的 register()方法向容器注册指定的注解 Bean,注解 Bean 定义读取器向容器注册注解 Bean 的源码如下:

public class AnnotationConfigApplicationContext extends GenericApplicationContext implements AnnotationConfigRegistry {
    //为容器注册一个要被处理的注解Bean,新注册的Bean,必须手动调用容器的
    //refresh()方法刷新容器,触发容器对新注册的Bean的处理
    @Override
    public void register(Class... annotatedClasses) {
        Assert.notEmpty(annotatedClasses, "At least one annotated class must be specified");
        this.reader.register(annotatedClasses);
    }
}

点击register方法,跳转到AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader 的register()方法

public class AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader {
//注册多个注解Bean定义类
    public void register(Class... annotatedClasses) {
        for (Class annotatedClass : annotatedClasses) {
            registerBean(annotatedClass);
        }
    }

    //注册一个注解Bean定义类
    public void registerBean(Class annotatedClass) {
        doRegisterBean(annotatedClass, null, null, null);
    }

    public  void registerBean(Class annotatedClass, @Nullable Supplier instanceSupplier) {
        doRegisterBean(annotatedClass, instanceSupplier, null, null);
    }

    public  void registerBean(Class annotatedClass, String name, @Nullable Supplier instanceSupplier) {
        doRegisterBean(annotatedClass, instanceSupplier, name, null);
    }

    //Bean定义读取器注册注解Bean定义的入口方法
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void registerBean(Class annotatedClass, Class... qualifiers) {
        doRegisterBean(annotatedClass, null, null, qualifiers);
    }

    //Bean定义读取器向容器注册注解Bean定义类
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public void registerBean(Class annotatedClass, String name, Class... qualifiers) {
        doRegisterBean(annotatedClass, null, name, qualifiers);
    }

    //Bean定义读取器向容器注册注解Bean定义类
     void doRegisterBean(Class annotatedClass, @Nullable Supplier instanceSupplier, @Nullable String name,
            @Nullable Class[] qualifiers, BeanDefinitionCustomizer... definitionCustomizers) {

        //根据指定的注解Bean定义类,创建Spring容器中对注解Bean的封装的数据结构
        AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition abd = new AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition(annotatedClass);
        if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(abd.getMetadata())) {
            return;
        }

        abd.setInstanceSupplier(instanceSupplier);
        //解析注解Bean定义的作用域,若@Scope("prototype"),则Bean为原型类型;
        //若@Scope("singleton"),则Bean为单态类型
        ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(abd);
        //为注解Bean定义设置作用域
        abd.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
        //为注解Bean定义生成Bean名称
        String beanName = (name != null ? name : this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(abd, this.registry));

        //处理注解Bean定义中的通用注解
        AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(abd);
        //如果在向容器注册注解Bean定义时,使用了额外的限定符注解,则解析限定符注解。
        //主要是配置的关于autowiring自动依赖注入装配的限定条件,即@Qualifier注解
        //Spring自动依赖注入装配默认是按类型装配,如果使用@Qualifier则按名称
        if (qualifiers != null) {
            for (Class qualifier : qualifiers) {
                //如果配置了@Primary注解,设置该Bean为autowiring自动依赖注入装//配时的首选
                if (Primary.class == qualifier) {
                    abd.setPrimary(true);
                }
                //如果配置了@Lazy注解,则设置该Bean为非延迟初始化,如果没有配置,
                //则该Bean为预实例化
                else if (Lazy.class == qualifier) {
                    abd.setLazyInit(true);
                }
                //如果使用了除@Primary和@Lazy以外的其他注解,则为该Bean添加一
                //个autowiring自动依赖注入装配限定符,该Bean在进autowiring
                //自动依赖注入装配时,根据名称装配限定符指定的Bean
                else {
                    abd.addQualifier(new AutowireCandidateQualifier(qualifier));
                }
            }
        }
        for (BeanDefinitionCustomizer customizer : definitionCustomizers) {
            customizer.customize(abd);
        }

        //创建一个指定Bean名称的Bean定义对象,封装注解Bean定义类数据
        BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(abd, beanName);
        //根据注解Bean定义类中配置的作用域,创建相应的代理对象
        definitionHolder = AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
        //向IOC容器注册注解Bean类定义对象
        BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
    }
  ...
}

从上面的源码我们可以看出,注册注解 Bean 定义类的基本步骤:
a、需要使用注解元数据解析器解析注解 Bean 中关于作用域的配置。
b、使用 AnnotationConfigUtils 的 processCommonDefinitionAnnotations()方法处理注解 Bean 定
义类中通用的注解。
c、使用 AnnotationConfigUtils 的 applyScopedProxyMode()方法创建对于作用域的代理对象。
d、通过 BeanDefinitionReaderUtils 向容器注册 Bean。
下面我们继续分析这 4 步的具体实现过程

2)、AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver 解析作用域元数据

AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver 通过 resolveScopeMetadata()方法解析注解 Bean 定义类的作
用域元信息,即判断注册的 Bean 是原生类型(prototype)还是单态(singleton)类型,其源码如下:

//Bean定义读取器向容器注册注解Bean定义类
     void doRegisterBean(Class annotatedClass, @Nullable Supplier instanceSupplier, @Nullable String name,
            @Nullable Class[] qualifiers, BeanDefinitionCustomizer... definitionCustomizers) {
        ...
        ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(abd);
        ...
    }

点击resolveScopeMetadata方法,跳转实现类AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver的resolveScopeMetadata方法中

public class AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver implements ScopeMetadataResolver {
//解析注解Bean定义类中的作用域元信息
    @Override
    public ScopeMetadata resolveScopeMetadata(BeanDefinition definition) {
        ScopeMetadata metadata = new ScopeMetadata();
        if (definition instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
            AnnotatedBeanDefinition annDef = (AnnotatedBeanDefinition) definition;
            //从注解Bean定义类的属性中查找属性为”Scope”的值,即@Scope注解的值
            //annDef.getMetadata().getAnnotationAttributes方法将Bean
            //中所有的注解和注解的值存放在一个map集合中
            AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(
                    annDef.getMetadata(), this.scopeAnnotationType);
            //将获取到的@Scope注解的值设置到要返回的对象中
            if (attributes != null) {
                metadata.setScopeName(attributes.getString("value"));
                //获取@Scope注解中的proxyMode属性值,在创建代理对象时会用到
                ScopedProxyMode proxyMode = attributes.getEnum("proxyMode");
                //如果@Scope的proxyMode属性为DEFAULT或者NO
                if (proxyMode == ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT) {
                    //设置proxyMode为NO
                    proxyMode = this.defaultProxyMode;
                }
                //为返回的元数据设置proxyMode
                metadata.setScopedProxyMode(proxyMode);
            }
        }
        //返回解析的作用域元信息对象
        return metadata;
    }
}

上述代码中的 annDef.getMetadata().getAnnotationAttributes()方法就是获取对象中指定类型的注
解的值

3)、AnnotationConfigUtils 处理注解 Bean 定义类中的通用注解

AnnotationConfigUtils 类的 processCommonDefinitionAnnotations()在向容器注册 Bean 之前,首
先对注解 Bean 定义类中的通用 Spring 注解进行处理,源码如下:

public class AnnotationConfigUtils {
    public static void processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(AnnotatedBeanDefinition abd) {
        processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(abd, abd.getMetadata());
    }

    //处理Bean定义中通用注解
    static void processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(AnnotatedBeanDefinition abd, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {
        AnnotationAttributes lazy = attributesFor(metadata, Lazy.class);
        //如果Bean定义中有@Lazy注解,则将该Bean预实例化属性设置为@lazy注解的值
        if (lazy != null) {
            abd.setLazyInit(lazy.getBoolean("value"));
        }

        else if (abd.getMetadata() != metadata) {
            lazy = attributesFor(abd.getMetadata(), Lazy.class);
            if (lazy != null) {
                abd.setLazyInit(lazy.getBoolean("value"));
            }
        }
        //如果Bean定义中有@Primary注解,则为该Bean设置为autowiring自动依赖注入装配的首选对象
        if (metadata.isAnnotated(Primary.class.getName())) {
            abd.setPrimary(true);
        }
        //如果Bean定义中有@ DependsOn注解,则为该Bean设置所依赖的Bean名称,
        //容器将确保在实例化该Bean之前首先实例化所依赖的Bean
        AnnotationAttributes dependsOn = attributesFor(metadata, DependsOn.class);
        if (dependsOn != null) {
            abd.setDependsOn(dependsOn.getStringArray("value"));
        }

        if (abd instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
            AbstractBeanDefinition absBd = (AbstractBeanDefinition) abd;
            AnnotationAttributes role = attributesFor(metadata, Role.class);
            if (role != null) {
                absBd.setRole(role.getNumber("value").intValue());
            }
            AnnotationAttributes description = attributesFor(metadata, Description.class);
            if (description != null) {
                absBd.setDescription(description.getString("value"));
            }
        }
    }
}

4)、AnnotationConfigUtils 根据注解 Bean 定义类中配置的作用域为其应用相应的代理策略

AnnotationConfigUtils 类的 applyScopedProxyMode()方法根据注解 Bean 定义类中配置的作用域
@Scope 注解的值,为 Bean 定义应用相应的代理模式,主要是在 Spring 面向切面编程(AOP)中使用。源码如下:


    //根据作用域为Bean应用引用的代码模式
    static BeanDefinitionHolder applyScopedProxyMode(
            ScopeMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionHolder definition, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {

        //获取注解Bean定义类中@Scope注解的proxyMode属性值
        ScopedProxyMode scopedProxyMode = metadata.getScopedProxyMode();
        //如果配置的@Scope注解的proxyMode属性值为NO,则不应用代理模式
        if (scopedProxyMode.equals(ScopedProxyMode.NO)) {
            return definition;
        }
        //获取配置的@Scope注解的proxyMode属性值,如果为TARGET_CLASS
        //则返回true,如果为INTERFACES,则返回false
        boolean proxyTargetClass = scopedProxyMode.equals(ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS);
        //为注册的Bean创建相应模式的代理对象
        return ScopedProxyCreator.createScopedProxy(definition, registry, proxyTargetClass);
    }

这段为 Bean 引用创建相应模式的代理,这里不做深入的分析

5)、BeanDefinitionReaderUtils 向容器注册 Bean

BeanDefinitionReaderUtils 主要是校验 BeanDefinition 信息,然后将 Bean 添加到容器中一个管理
BeanDefinition 的 HashMap 中

public class BeanDefinitionReaderUtils {
    //将解析的BeanDefinitionHold注册到容器中
    public static void registerBeanDefinition(
            BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
            throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

        // Register bean definition under primary name.
        //获取解析的BeanDefinition的名称
        String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
        //向IOC容器注册BeanDefinition
        registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());

        // Register aliases for bean name, if any.
        //如果解析的BeanDefinition有别名,向容器为其注册别名
        String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
        if (aliases != null) {
            for (String alias : aliases) {
                registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
            }
        }
    }
}

3.扫描指定包并解析为 BeanDefinition

当创建注解处理容器时,如果传入的初始参数是注解 Bean 定义类所在的包时,注解容器将扫描给定的
包及其子包,将扫描到的注解 Bean 定义载入并注册
1)、ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner 扫描给定的包及其子包
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 通过调用类路径Bean定义扫描器ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner 扫描给定包及其子包下的所有类,主要源码如下:

public class ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner extends ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider {
    ...
//创建一个类路径Bean定义扫描器
    public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
        this(registry, true);
    }

//为容器创建一个类路径Bean定义扫描器,并指定是否使用默认的扫描过滤规则。
    //即Spring默认扫描配置:@Component、@Repository、@Service、@Controller
    //注解的Bean,同时也支持JavaEE6的@ManagedBean和JSR-330的@Named注解
    public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, boolean useDefaultFilters) {
        this(registry, useDefaultFilters, getOrCreateEnvironment(registry));
    }

public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, boolean useDefaultFilters,
            Environment environment) {

        this(registry, useDefaultFilters, environment,
                (registry instanceof ResourceLoader ? (ResourceLoader) registry : null));
    }

public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, boolean useDefaultFilters,
            Environment environment, @Nullable ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {

        Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
        //为容器设置加载Bean定义的注册器
        this.registry = registry;

        if (useDefaultFilters) {
            registerDefaultFilters();
        }
        setEnvironment(environment);
        //为容器设置资源加载器
        setResourceLoader(resourceLoader);
    }

//调用类路径Bean定义扫描器入口方法
    public int scan(String... basePackages) {
        //获取容器中已经注册的Bean个数
        int beanCountAtScanStart = this.registry.getBeanDefinitionCount();

        //启动扫描器扫描给定包
        doScan(basePackages);

        // Register annotation config processors, if necessary.
        //注册注解配置(Annotation config)处理器
        if (this.includeAnnotationConfig) {
            AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry);
        }

        //返回注册的Bean个数
        return (this.registry.getBeanDefinitionCount() - beanCountAtScanStart);
    }

//类路径Bean定义扫描器扫描给定包及其子包
    protected Set doScan(String... basePackages) {
        Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
        //创建一个集合,存放扫描到Bean定义的封装类
        Set beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
        //遍历扫描所有给定的包
        for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
            //调用父类ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider的方法
            //扫描给定类路径,获取符合条件的Bean定义
            Set candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
            //遍历扫描到的Bean
            for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {
                //获取Bean定义类中@Scope注解的值,即获取Bean的作用域
                ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);
                //为Bean设置注解配置的作用域
                candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
                //为Bean生成名称
                String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);
                //如果扫描到的Bean不是Spring的注解Bean,则为Bean设置默认值,
                //设置Bean的自动依赖注入装配属性等
                if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
                    postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);
                }
                //如果扫描到的Bean是Spring的注解Bean,则处理其通用的Spring注解
                if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
                    //处理注解Bean中通用的注解,在分析注解Bean定义类读取器时已经分析过
                    AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);
                }
                //根据Bean名称检查指定的Bean是否需要在容器中注册,或者在容器中冲突
                if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {
                    BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
                    //根据注解中配置的作用域,为Bean应用相应的代理模式
                    definitionHolder =
                            AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
                    beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);
                    //向容器注册扫描到的Bean
                    registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
                }
            }
        }
        return beanDefinitions;
    }
    ...

类路径 Bean 定义扫描器 ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner 主要通过 findCandidateComponents()
方法调用其父类 ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider 类来扫描获取给定包及其子包下的类
2)、ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider 扫描给定包及其子包的类
ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider 类的 findCandidateComponents()方法具体实
现扫描给定类路径包的功能,主要源码如下:

public class ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider implements EnvironmentCapable, ResourceLoaderAware {

    ...
//保存过滤规则要包含的注解,即Spring默认的@Component、@Repository、@Service、
    //@Controller注解的Bean,以及JavaEE6的@ManagedBean和JSR-330的@Named注解
    private final List includeFilters = new LinkedList<>();

    //保存过滤规则要排除的注解
    private final List excludeFilters = new LinkedList<>();

//构造方法,该方法在子类ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner的构造方法中被调用
    public ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider(boolean useDefaultFilters) {
        this(useDefaultFilters, new StandardEnvironment());
    }

    public ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider(boolean useDefaultFilters, Environment environment) {
        //如果使用Spring默认的过滤规则,则向容器注册过滤规则
        if (useDefaultFilters) {
            registerDefaultFilters();
        }
        setEnvironment(environment);
        setResourceLoader(null);
    }

    //向容器注册过滤规则
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    protected void registerDefaultFilters() {
        //向要包含的过滤规则中添加@Component注解类,注意Spring中@Repository
        //@Service和@Controller都是Component,因为这些注解都添加了@Component注解
        this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Component.class));
        //获取当前类的类加载器
        ClassLoader cl = ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.class.getClassLoader();
        try {
            //向要包含的过滤规则添加JavaEE6的@ManagedBean注解
            this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
                    ((Class) ClassUtils.forName("javax.annotation.ManagedBean", cl)), false));
            logger.debug("JSR-250 'javax.annotation.ManagedBean' found and supported for component scanning");
        }
        catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
            // JSR-250 1.1 API (as included in Java EE 6) not available - simply skip.
        }
        try {
            //向要包含的过滤规则添加@Named注解
            this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
                    ((Class) ClassUtils.forName("javax.inject.Named", cl)), false));
            logger.debug("JSR-330 'javax.inject.Named' annotation found and supported for component scanning");
        }
        catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
            // JSR-330 API not available - simply skip.
        }
    }

    //扫描给定类路径的包
    public Set findCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
        if (this.componentsIndex != null && indexSupportsIncludeFilters()) {
            return addCandidateComponentsFromIndex(this.componentsIndex, basePackage);
        }
        else {
            return scanCandidateComponents(basePackage);
        }
    }

    private Set addCandidateComponentsFromIndex(CandidateComponentsIndex index, String basePackage) {
        //创建存储扫描到的类的集合
        Set candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>();
        try {
            Set types = new HashSet<>();
            for (TypeFilter filter : this.includeFilters) {
                String stereotype = extractStereotype(filter);
                if (stereotype == null) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Failed to extract stereotype from "+ filter);
                }
                types.addAll(index.getCandidateTypes(basePackage, stereotype));
            }
            boolean traceEnabled = logger.isTraceEnabled();
            boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
            for (String type : types) {
                //为指定资源获取元数据读取器,元信息读取器通过汇编(ASM)读//取资源元信息
                MetadataReader metadataReader = getMetadataReaderFactory().getMetadataReader(type);
                //如果扫描到的类符合容器配置的过滤规则
                if (isCandidateComponent(metadataReader)) {
                    //通过汇编(ASM)读取资源字节码中的Bean定义元信息
                    AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition sbd = new AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition(
                            metadataReader.getAnnotationMetadata());
                    if (isCandidateComponent(sbd)) {
                        if (debugEnabled) {
                            logger.debug("Using candidate component class from index: " + type);
                        }
                        candidates.add(sbd);
                    }
                    else {
                        if (debugEnabled) {
                            logger.debug("Ignored because not a concrete top-level class: " + type);
                        }
                    }
                }
                else {
                    if (traceEnabled) {
                        logger.trace("Ignored because matching an exclude filter: " + type);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException("I/O failure during classpath scanning", ex);
        }
        return candidates;
    }

    //判断元信息读取器读取的类是否符合容器定义的注解过滤规则
    protected boolean isCandidateComponent(MetadataReader metadataReader) throws IOException {
        //如果读取的类的注解在排除注解过滤规则中,返回false
        for (TypeFilter tf : this.excludeFilters) {
            if (tf.match(metadataReader, getMetadataReaderFactory())) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        //如果读取的类的注解在包含的注解的过滤规则中,则返回ture
        for (TypeFilter tf : this.includeFilters) {
            if (tf.match(metadataReader, getMetadataReaderFactory())) {
                return isConditionMatch(metadataReader);
            }
        }
        //如果读取的类的注解既不在排除规则,也不在包含规则中,则返回false
        return false;
    }
     ...

4.注册注解 BeanDefinition

AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext 是 AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 的 Web 版,
它们对于注解 Bean 的注册和扫描是基本相同的,但是 AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
对注解 Bean 定义的载入稍有不同,AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext 注入注解 Bean 定义
源码如下:

public class AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext extends AbstractRefreshableWebApplicationContext
        implements AnnotationConfigRegistry {
//载入注解Bean定义资源
    @Override
    protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
        //为容器设置注解Bean定义读取器
        AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader reader = getAnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
        //为容器设置类路径Bean定义扫描器
        ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = getClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(beanFactory);

        //获取容器的Bean名称生成器
        BeanNameGenerator beanNameGenerator = getBeanNameGenerator();
        //为注解Bean定义读取器和类路径扫描器设置Bean名称生成器
        if (beanNameGenerator != null) {
            reader.setBeanNameGenerator(beanNameGenerator);
            scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(beanNameGenerator);
            beanFactory.registerSingleton(AnnotationConfigUtils.CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR, beanNameGenerator);
        }

        //获取容器的作用域元信息解析器
        ScopeMetadataResolver scopeMetadataResolver = getScopeMetadataResolver();
        //为注解Bean定义读取器和类路径扫描器设置作用域元信息解析器
        if (scopeMetadataResolver != null) {
            reader.setScopeMetadataResolver(scopeMetadataResolver);
            scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(scopeMetadataResolver);
        }

        if (!this.annotatedClasses.isEmpty()) {
            if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                logger.info("Registering annotated classes: [" +
                        StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(this.annotatedClasses) + "]");
            }
            reader.register(this.annotatedClasses.toArray(new Class[this.annotatedClasses.size()]));
        }

        if (!this.basePackages.isEmpty()) {
            if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                logger.info("Scanning base packages: [" +
                        StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(this.basePackages) + "]");
            }
            scanner.scan(this.basePackages.toArray(new String[this.basePackages.size()]));
        }

        //获取容器定义的Bean定义资源路径
        String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
        //如果定位的Bean定义资源路径不为空
        if (configLocations != null) {
            for (String configLocation : configLocations) {
                try {
                    //使用当前容器的类加载器加载定位路径的字节码类文件
                    Class clazz = ClassUtils.forName(configLocation, getClassLoader());
                    if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                        logger.info("Successfully resolved class for [" + configLocation + "]");
                    }
                    reader.register(clazz);
                }
                catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
                    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                        logger.debug("Could not load class for config location [" + configLocation +
                                "] - trying package scan. " + ex);
                    }
                    //如果容器类加载器加载定义路径的Bean定义资源失败
                    //则启用容器类路径扫描器扫描给定路径包及其子包中的类
                    int count = scanner.scan(configLocation);
                    if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                        if (count == 0) {
                            logger.info("No annotated classes found for specified class/package [" + configLocation + "]");
                        }
                        else {
                            logger.info("Found " + count + " annotated classes in package [" + configLocation + "]");
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    ...
}

以上就是解析和注入注解配置资源的全过程分析。

——学自咕泡学院

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