python接口测试

1.简介

requests是一个很实用的Python HTTP客户端库，编写爬虫和测试服务器响应数据时经常会用到，Requests是Python语言的第三方的库，专门用于发送HTTP请求

2.下载

pip install requests

3.引用

import requests

4..请求方式get传参

无参数

r  = requests.get('http://www.baidu.com')

有参数

方式1：

r  = requests.get(url="url",params="参数")

方式2：

no1="url"

no2="参数"

r=requests.get(no1,params=no2)

5..请求方式post传参

r  = requests.get(url="url",data="参数")

6.常见响应

r.status_code        响应状态码
r.heards             响应头
r.cookies            响应cookies
r.text               响应文本
r.json()             响应的字典类型数据
r. encoding          当前编码
r. content            以字节形式（二进制）返回

1：添加等待时间
requests.get(url,timeout=1)          #超过等待时间则报错
2：添加请求头信息
requests.get(url,headers=headers)    #设置请求头
3：添加文件
requests.post(url, files=files)      #添加文件

7.接口测试流程

requests+unittest+HtmlTestRunner

读取文件中的数据
requests拿到数据请求接口返回状态码
通过断言验证返回的数据和预期结果
生成allure的测试报告

dataDemo(存放数据)>> readDemo(读取数据)>> restDemo(发送请求生成报告)

数据建立

csv

 elsx

 

读取csv文件流程

 读取xlsx文件流程

 8.进行单元测试

csv

xlsx

 

 打印报告

csv

 xlsx

 代码取用

csv

import csv
class ReadCsv():
    def readcsv(self):
        li=[]
        rr=csv.reader(open("../datatest0826/testdata0826.csv"))
        li=[i for i in rr]
        li=li[1::]
        return li
r=ReadCsv()
print(r.readcsv())

 

import requests,unittest
from readdata.reaffatacsv import ReadCsv
rc=ReadCsv()
li=rc.readcsv()
class ApiClassCsv(unittest.TestCase):
    def test01(self):
        for i in li:
            cs=eval(i[1])
            if i[2]=="get":
                objs=requests.get(url=i[0],params=cs)
                self.assertEqual(objs.json()['error_code'],int(i[3]))
            else:
                objs=requests.post(url=i[0],data=cs)
                self.assertEqual(objs.json()['error_code'],int(i[3]))
if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

from common.HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner
from requesttest0826.requestunintestcsv import ApiClassCsv
import unittest
class Htmlclass():
    def htmlmethod(self):
        suite=unittest.TestSuite()
        lis=['test01']
        for i in lis:
            suite.addTest(ApiClassCsv(i))
        with open('../reports1.html','wb')as s:
            HTMLTestRunner(
                stream=s,
                title="接口01",
                description='一次',
                verbosity=2
            ).run(suite)
hc=Htmlclass()
hc.htmlmethod()

xlsx

from openpyxl import load_workbook
class ReadXlsl():
    def readxlsl(self):
        getxlsx=load_workbook("../datatest0826/testdata0826.xlsx")
        Sheet=getxlsx['Sheet1']
        xlsldata=[]
        for i in range(2,Sheet.max_row+1):
            getdata={}
            for j in range(1,Sheet.max_column+1):
                getdata[Sheet.cell(1, j).value] = Sheet.cell(i, j).value
            xlsldata.append(getdata)
        return xlsldata

import requests,unittest
from readdata.readdataxlsx import ReadXlsl
rc=ReadXlsl()
li=rc.readxlsl()
class ApiClassXlsx(unittest.TestCase):
    def test01(self):
        for i in li:
            cs=eval(i['params'])
            if i['method'] == "get":
                objs = requests.get(url=i['url'], params=cs)
                self.assertEqual(objs.json()['error_code'], int(i['dy']))
            else:
                objs = requests.post(url=i['url'], data=cs)
                self.assertEqual(objs.json()['error_code'], int(i['dy']))
if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

from common.HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner
from requesttest0826.requestunittestxlsl import ApiClassXlsx
import unittest
class HtmlClass():
    def htmlmethod(self):
        suite = unittest.TestSuite()
        lis = ['test01']
        for i in lis:
            suite.addTest(ApiClassXlsx(i))
        with open('../reports2.html', 'wb') as s:
            HTMLTestRunner(
                stream=s,
                title="接口02",
                description='二次',
                verbosity=2
            ).run(suite)
hc = HtmlClass()
hc.htmlmethod()