Oracle 19C CDB和PDB常用命令详解

1.查看当前容器
[oracle@rac19c1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT

SQL> select sys_context('USERENV','CON_NAME') conname from dual;
CONNAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT

2.创建PDB
SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT

SQL> create pluggable database pdb1 admin user test identified by test;
Pluggable database created.

SQL> create pluggable database pdb2 from pdb1;
Pluggable database created.

SQL> alter pluggable database all open instances=all;
Pluggable database altered.

3.查看PDB
SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT

SQL> show pdbs;
    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         5 PDB2                           MOUNTED

SQL> colu name for a30
SQL> select name,open_mode from v$pdbs;
NAME                           OPEN_MODE
------------------------------ ----------
PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
PDB1                           READ WRITE
PDB2                           MOUNTED

SQL> set linesize 300
SQL> select con_id, dbid, guid, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;
    CON_ID       DBID GUID                             NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- -------------------------------- ------------------------------ ----------
         2  239193540 ACC08D4BFF0170FFE0536F57A8C0EE7A PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY
         3  657947767 ACC102F858A7A18AE0537057A8C0AE9A PDB1                           READ WRITE
         5 2810655217 ACDA193AFC919610E0536F57A8C09544 PDB2                           MOUNTED

4.切换容器（CDB$ROOT或PDB）
SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;
Session altered.

SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
PDB1

SQL> show pdbs;
    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         
SQL> select con_id, dbid, guid, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;
    CON_ID       DBID GUID                             NAME                           OPEN_MODE
---------- ---------- -------------------------------- ------------------------------ ----------
         3  657947767 ACC102F858A7A18AE0537057A8C0AE9A PDB1                           READ WRITE

SQL> alter session set container=CDB$ROOT;

Session altered.

SQL> show pdbs;

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDB1                           READ WRITE NO
         5 PDB2                           MOUNTED
SQL> 

5.开启PDB
SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
SQL> alter pluggable database pdb2 open instances=all;
Pluggable database altered.
或
SQL> alter session set container=pdb2; 
Session altered.

SQL> startup;
Pluggable Database opened.

SQL> alter pluggable database all open instacnes=all;
Pluggable database altered.

6.关闭PDB
SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1 close instances=all;
Pluggable database altered.
或
SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;
Session altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Pluggable Database closed.

SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT

SQL> alter pluggable database all close instances=all;
Pluggable database altered.

7.设置自启PDB
SQL> show con_name

SQL> create or replace trigger open_all_pdbs
after startup on database
begin
   execute immediate 'alter pluggable database all open instances=all';
end;
/

8.删除PDB
SQL> show con_name
CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb1 close instances=all;
Pluggable database altered.

SQL> drop pluggable database pdb1 including datafiles;   
Pluggable database dropped.

SQL> alter pluggable database pdb2 close immediate instances=all;                        
Pluggable database altered.

SQL> drop pluggable database pdb2 including datafiles; 
Pluggable database dropped.