远程连接mysql报错"Can't connect to MySQL server on 'x.x.x.x' ([Errno 61] Connection refused)")

环境信息

• 腾讯云服务器系统：liunx
• 服务器mysql版本：5.7.24‘
• 本地系统：win7

在服务器安装mysql

输入命令

sudo apt-get install mysql-server
 
apt-get install mysql-client
 
sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

登陆mysql

mysql -u root -p

问题详情

from pymysql import cursors, connect

# 连接数据库
conn = connect(
    host='服务器ip',
    user='root',
    port=3306,
    password='123456',
    db='test',
    charset='utf8mb4',
)
try:
    with conn.cursor() as cursor:
        # 查询
        sql = "select * from test;"
        cursor.execute(sql)
        result = cursor.fetchone()
        print(result)
except Exception as e:
    print(e)

finally:
    conn.close()

python连接mysql出错
pymysql.err.OperationalError:"Can't connect to MySQL server on 'x.x.x.x' ([Errno 61] Connection refused)")
意思是服务器拒绝访问。

解决办法

方法1

1. 连接远程服务器输入"service mysqld status"查看mysql服务已启动
2. 用"cat my.cnf"命令查看my.cnf文件目录：cat /etc/mysql/my.cof
   
   image.png
3. 用cd /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/进入该目录
4. 用vim mysqld.cnf编辑文件

[mysqld]
bind-address = 0.0.0.0  # 表示允许任何主机登陆MySQL
port=3306               # 表示MySQL运行端口为3306

方法2
登陆mysql：mysql -u root -p

mysql> show global variables like 'port';  # 查看MySQL运行的实际端口
+---------------+-------
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| port          | 3306  |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)  
mysql> use mysql;   # 切换到mysql数据库
  Reading table information for completion of table and column names
  You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
  
  Database changed
mysql> select host,user from user;  # 查询user表
  +-----------+---------------+
  | host      | user          |
  +-----------+---------------+
  | %         | root          |
  | localhost | mysql.session |
  | localhost | mysql.sys     |
  +-----------+---------------+
  5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

如果上述查询结果，root用户对应的host不为%，则修改用户权限

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;   # 修改权限
  Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

方法3
关闭防火墙

systemctl start firewalld # 开启防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld  # 关闭防火墙
systemctl status firewalld  #检查防火墙状态

方法4
配置腾讯云服务器的安全组开放3306端口

连接成功