微服务架构说一种架构模式,他提倡将单一应用程序划分成一组小的服务,服务之间互相协调、互相配合,为用户提供最终的价值。每个服务运行在其独立的进程中,服务与服务间采用轻量级的通信机制互相协作(通常是基于HTTP协议的RESTFUL API)。每个服务都是围绕着具体业务进行构建,并且能够被独立的部署到生产环境、类生产环境等。另外,应当尽量避免统一的、集中式的服务管理机制,对具体的一个服务而言,应根据业务上下文,选择合适的语言、工具对其进行构建。
springboot就可以将一个个的功能模块当成一个微服务,用springcloud进行管理连接这些微服务,构建成一个整的项目。
服务分布式配置:spring cloud Config
服务开发:spring boot
<packaging>pompackaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18lombok.version>
<mysql.version>8.0.22mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.16druid.version>
<mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0mybatis.spring.boot.version>
properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependenciesartifactId>
<version>2.4.2version>
<type>pomtype>
<scope>importscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependenciesartifactId>
<version>2020.0.1version>
<type>pomtype>
<scope>importscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependenciesartifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASEversion>
<type>pomtype>
<scope>importscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysqlgroupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
<artifactId>druidartifactId>
<version>${druid.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junitgroupId>
<artifactId>junitartifactId>
<version>${junit.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4jgroupId>
<artifactId>log4jartifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}version>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
dependencies>
dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>truefork>
<addResources>trueaddResources>
configuration>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
注:若没报错,则证明父项目和其maven环境没有问题,可以往下写!
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
<scope>runtimescope>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutoolgroupId>
<artifactId>hutool-allartifactId>
<version>5.1.0version>
dependency>
dependencies>
@Data //自动生成get、set、toString的方法
@NoArgsConstructor //空参构造
@AllArgsConstructor //全参构造
public class CommonResult<T> {
//404 not_found data
private Integer code; //返回结果代码
private String message; //返回结果信息
private T data; //返回结果属性
public CommonResult(Integer code,String message){
this(code,message,null);
}
}
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.ffcs.springcloudgroupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-api-commonsartifactId>
<version>${project.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
<version>1.1.10version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysqlgroupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbcartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
<scope>runtimescope>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
server:
port: 8001 #服务端口
spring:
application:
name: cloud-payment-service #服务名
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource #当前数据源操作类型
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver #数据库驱动包
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cloud?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
username: root
password: root
devtools:
restart:
enabled: true #是否支持热部署
mybatis:
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
type-aliases-package: cn.ffcs.springcloud.entities #所有entity别名所在包
package cn.ffcs.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class,args);
}
}
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.ffcs.springcloudgroupId>
<artifactId>springcloud-api-commonsartifactId>
<version>${project.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
<scope>runtimescope>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
<artifactId>lombokartifactId>
<optional>trueoptional>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
server:
port: 80
package cn.ffcs.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderMain80 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class,args);
}
}
编写消费者模块只需要controller类,并使用RestTemplate去调用提供者类的方法
ApplicationContextConfig.java
package cn.ffcs.springcloud.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
/**
*程序上下文配置
*/
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
//客户端模板工具集对象
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
OrderController.java
package cn.ffcs.springcloud.controller;
import cn.ffcs.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import cn.ffcs.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {
public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001";
/**
* 用这个对象去找8001端口下的服务
*/
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
//客户端发的都是get请求
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/addPayment")
public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment){
return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/addPayment",payment,CommonResult.class);
}
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/getPaymentById/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") long id){
return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"payment/getPaymentById/"+id,CommonResult.class);
}
}
注:客户端发送的都是getMapping请求
创建一个基本的spingcloud项目步骤: