Linux安装mysql5

一、下载mysql安装包

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

二、安装mysql

yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm 

三、检测是否安装成功

yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

四、选择安装版本

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo     #进入此文件可以看到mysql5的各种版本
#其中enabled=1是选择安装，enabled=0是不安装，文件内默认为5.7

mysql-community.repo文件

[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-preview]
name=MySQL Tools Preview
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-preview/el/7/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

五、安装mysql

yum install mysql-community-server   #直接这样安装5.7可能会报以下错误
# 若没有报以下错误直接跳过解决问题的命令

导致这样的原因是MySQL GPG 密钥已过期导致使用下方命令重新进行安装

rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022  # 更新GPG秘钥
yum install mysql-community-server   #安装mysql

六、开启mysql并设置自启

systemctl start mysqld    # 开启mysql服务
systemctl enable mysqld   # 设置开机自启

七、修改mysql的密码

7.1、mysql5.7

7.1.1、查看初始密码

# 在安装完mysql5.7后，会自动生成一个密码，使用下方命令可查看密码：
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log   

7.1.2、修改密码

mysql -uroot -p  # 登录mysql 使用上方命令查看的密码进行登录
# 此处修改密码有限制规则  这里进行修改规则
set global validate_password_length=4;   #设置密码的长度为4位以上
set global validate_password_policy=0;    #设置密码的简易程度最低
set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('root');   #修改root用户的密码为root

7.2、mysql5.6

mysql -uroot --skip-password #跳过密码进行登录
set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('root');  #修改root用户的密码为root 

八、设置远程登录

 GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;