Harbor—镜像仓库
1、Harbor介绍
Docker容器应用的开发和运行离不开可靠的镜像管理，虽然Docker官方也提供了公共的镜像仓库，但是从安全和效率等方面考虑，部署我们私有环境内的Registry也是非常必要的。Harbor是由VMware公司开源的企业级的Docker Registry管理项目，它包括权限管理(RBAC)、LDAP、日志审核、管理界面、自我注册、镜像复制和中文支持等功能。
官网地址：https://github.com/goharbor/harbor
2、Harbor镜像仓库部署
2.1、环境准备
harbor：192.168.4.5 2CPU、内存4G
关闭防火墙、selinux
2.2、自签发证书
1）创建存放证书目录
[root@harbor ~]# openssl version # 检查是否安装了openssl
[root@harbor ~]# mkdir /opt/harbor-ca-key
[root@harbor ~]# cd /opt/harbor-ca-key/2）创建ca证书
[root@harbor harbor-ca-key]# openssl genrsa -out ca.key 3072 # 生成3072位的ca.key的私钥
[root@harbor harbor-ca-key]# openssl req -new -x509 -days 3650 -key ca.key -out ca.pem # 生成一个数字证书 ca.pem，3650 表示证书的有效时间是 10 年，按箭头提示填写即可，没有箭头 标注的为空：
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:guangdong
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:guangzhou
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:harbor
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:CA
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:harbor64.cn
Email Address []:[email protected]3）生成域名的证书
[root@harbor harbor-ca-key]# openssl genrsa -out harbor.key 3072 # 生成一个 3072 位的 key，也就是私钥
[root@harbor harbor-ca-key]# openssl req -new -key harbor.key -out harbor.csr #生成一个证书请求，一会签发证书时需要的，标箭头的按提示填写，没有箭头标注的为空：
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:guangdong
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:guangzhou
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:harbor
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:CA
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:harbor64.cn
Email Address []:[email protected]
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:1234
An optional company name []:harbor4）签发证书
[root@harbor harbor-ca-key]# openssl x509 -req -in harbor.csr -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca.key -CAcreateserial -out harbor.pem -days 3650
Signature ok
subject=/C=CN/ST=guangdong/L=guangzhou/O=harbor/OU=CA/CN=harbor64.cn/[email protected]
Getting CA Private Key
[root@harbor harbor-ca-key]# openssl x509 -noout -text -in harbor.pem # 查看证书是否有效
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 1 (0x0)
Serial Number:
ed:66:8a:c0:ca:d3:2b:9e
Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: C=CN, ST=guangdong, L=guangzhou, O=harbor, OU=CA, CN=harbor64.cn/[email protected]
Validity
Not Before: Jun 5 10:33:54 2022 GMT
Not After : Jun 2 10:33:54 2032 GMT
Subject: C=CN, ST=guangdong, L=guangzhou, O=harbor, OU=CA, CN=harbor64.cn/[email protected]
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
Public-Key: (3072 bit)
Modulus:
…………………………………………………… # 显示以上内容证明有效
[root@harbor harbor-ca-key]# ls
ca.key ca.pem ca.srl harbor.csr harbor.key harbor.pem2.3、安装 Harbor
1）安装docker、docker-compose
[root@harbor ~]# yum -y install wget
# 安装epel源，并将repo 配置中的地址替换为阿里云镜像站地址
[root@harbor ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
[root@harbor ~]# sed -i 's|^#baseurl=https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub|baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*
[root@harbor ~]# sed -i 's|^metalink|#metalink|' /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*
# 下载阿里云的yum源文件
[root@harbor ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos7_base.repo
# 配置docker源
[root@harbor ~]# wget https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -P /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@harbor ~]# yum clean all && yum makecache
[root@harbor ~]# yum install -y docker-ce docker-compose
[root@harbor ~]# systemctl enable docker
[root@harbor ~]# systemctl restart docker
2）安装harbor
[root@harbor ~]# wget --no-check-certificate http://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/download/v2.3.0/harbor-offline-installer-v2.3.0.tgz
[root@harbor ~]# cd harbor/
[root@harbor harbor]# cp harbor.yml.tmpl harbor.yml
[root@harbor harbor]# vim harbor.yml
5 hostname: harbor64 # 修改 hostname，跟上面签发的证书域名保持一致
17 certificate: /opt/harbor-ca-key/harbor.pem
18 private_key: /opt/harbor-ca-key/harbor.key
3） 在 hosts 文件添加如下一行，然后保存即可
192.168.4.5 harbor64
4）安装Harbor
[root@harbor harbor]# ./install.sh
[root@harbor harbor]# docker-compose stop # 停止harbor
[root@harbor harbor]# docker-compose start # 启动harbor5）Harbor图形化界面
浏览器输入网址：https://harbor64
输入用户名：admin 密码：Harbor12345 
Harbor界面登录成功
2.4、Harbor镜像仓库使用
所有基础镜像都会放在 library 里面，这是一个公开的镜像仓库。
1）新建项目—>起个项目名字 test（把访问级别公开那个选中，让项目才可以被公开使用）
2.5、在node1上测试使用 harbor64 的 harbor 镜像仓库
1）修改 docker 配置
[root@node01 ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"registry-mirrors": ["http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io"],
"insecure-registries": ["192.168.4.5"]
}
2）重启docker，查看docker是否启动成功
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart docker
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl status docker3）登录harbor，验证
[root@node01 ~]# docker login 192.168.4.5
Username: admin
Password: 密码
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store
Login Succeeded4）导入 nginx 镜像
[root@node01 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg k8s-install nginx.tar.gz
[root@node01 ~]# docker load -i nginx.tar.gz
[root@node01 ~]# docker tag nginx:latest 192.168.4.5/test/nginx:v1
[root@node01 ~]# docker push 192.168.4.5/test/nginx:v1 #执行命令把nginx:v1上传到 harbor 里的 test 项目下
5）Harbor仓库，可以查看到nginx镜像
6）从 Harbor 仓库下载镜像
[root@node01 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
192.168.4.5/test/nginx v1 0e901e68141f 8 days ago 142MB
nginx latest 0e901e68141f 8 days ago 142MB
[root@node01 ~]# docker rmi -f 192.168.4.5/test/nginx:v1 # 删除镜像
[root@node01 ~]# docker pull 192.168.4.5/test/nginx:v1 # 拉取镜像