Ubuntu20.04配置（五）编译安装protobuf

原文：编译安装protobuf 详细步骤 Ubuntu - 简书

需要工具:

• autoconf, automake, libtool, make, g++, unzip

安装命令:
sudo apt-get install autoconf automake libtool make g++ unzip

安装步骤:

1. 下载源码 发布版地址
   以c++为例，下载最新的发布版 protobuf-cpp-3.14.0.zip
   wget https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v3.14.0/protobuf-cpp-3.14.0.zip
2. 解压压缩包:
   unzip protobuf-cpp-3.14.0.zip
3. 到源码目录.
   cd ~/protobuf-3.14.0
4. 生成配置文件:
   ./autogen.sh
5. 配置环境:
   ./configure
6. 编译源码:
   make
7. 安装:
   sudo make install
8. 刷新动态库:
   sudo ldconfig

基本用例

1. 定义你自己的消息，通过.proto文件实现， 这里借用源码中的addressbook.proto

路径为：~/protobuf-3.14.0/examples/addressbook.proto

syntax = "proto3";
package tutorial;

import "google/protobuf/timestamp.proto";

message Person {
  string name = 1;
  int32 id = 2;  // Unique ID number for this person.
  string email = 3;

  enum PhoneType {
    MOBILE = 0;
    HOME = 1;
    WORK = 2;
  }

  message PhoneNumber {
    string number = 1;
    PhoneType type = 2;
  }

  repeated PhoneNumber phones = 4;

  google.protobuf.Timestamp last_updated = 5;
}

message AddressBook {
  repeated Person people = 1;
}

标准类型如：string, int, doubule, 参考官方定义： https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto3#scalar

1. 生成源码，这里以C++为例:

• 命令:
  protoc -I=$SRC_DIR --cpp_out=$DST_DIR $SRC_DIR/addressbook.proto
• 一个.proto文件会生成一个.h和一个.cc文件。 这里 addressbook.proto 生成了 addressbook.pb.h 和 addressbook.pb.cc

1. 生成protobuf二进制文件(序列化)

• 编译:
  g++ -std=c++11 add_person.cc addressbook.pb.cc -o add_person `pkg-config --cflags --libs protobuf`
• 运行:

test@test:~/protobuf-3.14.0/examples$ ./add_person address_book.bin
address_book.bin: File not found.  Creating a new file.
Enter person ID number: 123
Enter name: Jim
Enter email address (blank for none): [email protected]
Enter a phone number (or leave blank to finish): 01123456-999
Is this a mobile, home, or work phone? work
Enter a phone number (or leave blank to finish):

1. 解读protobuf二进制文件(反序列化)

• 编译:
  g++ -std=c++11 list_people.cc addressbook.pb.cc -o list_people `pkg-config --cflags --libs protobuf`
• 运行:

test@test:~/protobuf-3.14.0/examples$ ./list_people address_book.bin
Person ID: 123
  Name: Jim
  E-mail address: [email protected]
  Work phone #: 01123456-999
  Updated: 2021-02-04T07:14:49Z