备份安装源: cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
修改数据:vim /etc/apt/sources.list
如下方信息,也可以使用阿里云下载速度也快
deb http://cmc-cd-mirror.rnd.huawei.com/ubuntu/ focal main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://cmc-cd-mirror.rnd.huawei.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://cmc-cd-mirror.rnd.huawei.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://cmc-cd-mirror.rnd.huawei.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://cmc-cd-mirror.rnd.huawei.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://cmc-cd-mirror.rnd.huawei.com/ubuntu/ focal main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://cmc-cd-mirror.rnd.huawei.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://cmc-cd-mirror.rnd.huawei.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://cmc-cd-mirror.rnd.huawei.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://cmc-cd-mirror.rnd.huawei.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main multiverse restricted universe
执行更新信息(如果需要root身份,命令为:sudo apt update):apt update
注:好了现在正式进入核心部分
1. 下载python安装包: https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-371/
2. 开始编译安装
注:在3.7中,ctypes模块依赖包 libffi-dev .如果没有,安装会报错:ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'
解决方案:apt-get install libffi-dev
tar -zxvf Python-3.7.1.tgz
cd Python-3.7.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/
make
make install
3. 建立刚安装python3的软连接
ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3
4. pip3的检测和安装
a、查看/usr/local/bin路径有没有pip3 ,在此路径下直接执行pip3看 能不能直接运行,如果可以就直接建立软连接:ln -s /usr/local/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
b、如果无法使用,我们需要手动安装:
注:安装pip之前,需要安装setuptools,官网下载源码:
https://pypi.org/project/setuptools/#files
tar -zxvf setuptools-56.2.0.tar.gz
cd setuptools-40.6.2
python3 setup.py build
python3 setup.py install
c、安装pip:pip官网下载源码:https://pypi.org/project/pip/#files
sudo tar -zxvf pip-10.1.tar.gz
cd pip-10.1
python3 setup.py build
python3 setup.py install
最后建立软连接:ln -sf /usr/local/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
1. ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘_bz2‘问题解决
注:出现这个错误的原因是我用的是python3.7,但是bz2这个库是安装到了python3.6里面,所以找不到。为了解决这个问题,需要将python3.6里面的bz库拷贝到python3.7下面。
a、找到python3.6路径下的bz库文件,即“_bz2.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so”。
查看命令:ls /usr/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload/
b、切换到python3.7对应路径,将该文件复制到该目录下:
cd /usr/local/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload
cp /usr/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload/_bz2.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so ./
c、修改文件名称,将"-36m"修改为"-37m"即可:
mv _bz2.cpython-36m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so _bz2.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
d、如果这些步骤执行完后还不行需要重新编译python源码:
cd Python-3.7.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/
make
make install
2. 报 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) 错误
cd /var/lib/dpkg
mv info info.bak
mkdir info
3. pip3安装时出现"return Command 'lsb_release -a' returned non-zero exit status 1"
mv /usr/bin/lsb_release /usr/bin/lsb_release.bak
4. xgboost 安装,error: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: ‘cmake’: ‘cmake‘ 错误
apt install cmake