C++上机实验 5.21 先设计一个基本账户类，再通过继承基本账户类设计一个储蓄账户类，储蓄账户类中增加一个静态成员变量(年利率)，并增加如下成员函数：

先设计一个基本账户类，再通过继承基本账户类设计一个储蓄账户类，储蓄
账户类中增加密码、地址、最小余额和利率等成员变量，并增加一些银行账户经
常用到的成员函数。要求：

（1） 类中的成员函数具有输入、输出储户上述信息的功能；

（2） 将账号设计成不可更改；

（3） 修改密码时要提供原始密码。

#include
#include
using namespace std;
class Bank
{
private:
30
31
char name[20];//姓名
 long id;//账号
long balance;//余额
public:
Bank(char *Name,long Id,long Balance)//const变量需要用初始化表初始化
{
strcpy(name,Name);
id=Id;
balance=Balance;
}
string GetName(){return name;}//获取姓名
long GetId(){return id;}//获取账号
long GetBalance(){return balance;}//获取余额
long cunkuan(long money)//存款
{
balance+=money;
return balance;
}
long qukuan(long money)//取款
{
balance-=money;
return balance;
}
 
string change_name()//修改姓名
{
 char new_name[20];
 cout<<"请输入修改后的姓名:"<<endl;
 cin>>new_name;
 strcpy(name,new_name);
 cout<<"修改成功！"<<endl;
 return name;
}
};
class SaveBank:public Bank
{
private:
char password[20];//密码
char address[20];//住址
long minimum_balance;//最小余额
32
float annual_interest_rate;//年利率
public:
SaveBank(char *Name,long Id,long Balance,char *Password,char 
*Address,long Minimum_balance,float 
Annual_interest_rate):Bank(Name,Id,Balance),minimum_balance(Minimum_balance)
,annual_interest_rate(Annual_interest_rate)
{
strcpy(password,Password);
strcpy(address,Address);
}
string GetPassword(){return password;}//获取密码
 string GetAddress(){return address;}//获取住址
long Get_minimum_balance(){return minimum_balance;}//获取最小余额
float Get_annual_interest_rate(){return annual_interest_rate;}//获取年利率
string change_password()//修改密码
{
 char new_password[20];
 char number[20];
cout<<"请输入原始密码："<<endl;
cin>>number;
if((strcmp(number,password))==0)
{cout<<"请输入新密码："<<endl;
cin>>new_password;
strcpy(password,new_password);
cout<<"修改成功！"<<endl;
}
else
{cerr<<"原始密码错误！请重新选择操作！"<<endl;}
return password;
}
string change_address()//修改地址
{
 char new_address[20];
 cout<<"请输入修改后的地址:"<<endl;
 cin>>new_address;
strcpy(address,new_address);
 cout<<"修改成功！"<<endl;
33
 return address;
}
void getbank()//获取客户账户信息
{
cout<<"姓名:"<<GetName()<<endl;
cout<<"账号:"<<GetId()<<endl;
cout<<"余额:"<<GetBalance()<<endl;
cout<<"密码:"<<GetPassword()<<endl;
cout<<"地址:"<<GetAddress()<<endl;
cout<<"最小余额:"<<Get_minimum_balance()<<endl;
cout<<"利率:"<<Get_annual_interest_rate()<<endl;
}
};
（4）添加源文件代码。在 bank.cpp 文件中添加主程序代码，如图 6 所示。
代码如下：
#include "stdafx.h"
#include
#include
#include 
#include "bank.h"
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
char name[20];
long id;
long balance;
char password[20];
char address[20];
long minimum_balance;
float annual_interest_rate;
int op; //操作
long money; //存款 or 取款数额
cout<<"请输入客户信息"<<endl;
cout<<"————————————————————————————————
————————"<<endl;
cout<<"姓名：";
cin>>name;
cout<<"账号：";
cin>>id;
cout<<"余额：";
cin>>balance;
cout<<"密码：";
35
cin>>password;
cout<<"地址：";
cin>>address;
cout<<"最小余额：";
cin>>minimum_balance;
cout<<"年利率：";
cin>>annual_interest_rate;
SaveBank 
jianghan(name,id,balance,password,address,minimum_balance,annual_interest_rate);
cout<<"———————————请输入操作
———————————————————————"<<endl;
cout<<"1：打印客户信息"<<endl;
cout<<"2：存款"<<endl;
cout<<"3：取款"<<endl;
cout<<"4：修改密码"<<endl;
 cout<<"5：修改姓名"<<endl;
 cout<<"4：修改地址"<<endl;
while(cin>>op)
{
switch(op)
{
case 1:
jianghan.getbank();
break;
case 2:
cout<<"请输入存款金额："<<endl;
cin>>money;
jianghan.cunkuan(money);
cout<<"当前余额:"<<jianghan.GetBalance()<<endl;
break;
case 3:
cout<<"请输入取款金额："<<endl;
cin>>money;
jianghan.qukuan(money);
cout<<"当前余额:"<<jianghan.GetBalance()<<endl;
break;
case 4:
jianghan.change_password();
break;
case 5:
36
jianghan.change_name();
break;
case 6:
jianghan.change_address();
break;
default:
cerr<<"操作错误！"<<endl;
}
}
return 0;
}

5.21 先设计一个基本账户类，再通过继承基本账户类设计一个储蓄账户类，储蓄账户类中增加一个静态成员变量(年利率)，并增加如下成员函数：

(1)计算月利息

月利息=存款金额×年利率÷12

(2)更改利率(静态方法)：重新设置年利率

最后，编写一个程序来测试所设计的储蓄账户类能否实现预定的功能。

#include
#include
using namespace std;

class basic {
public:
	long id;
	basic(long a):id(a)						//基类构造函数
	{}
	void show(long id) {
		cout <<"账号：" << id << endl;
	}
	~basic()								//基类析构函数
	{}
};
class account :private basic {
public:
	char name[20];
	long balance;
	char password[20];
	char address[20];
	long minimum_balance;
	float annual_interest_rate;
	account(char *a, long b, long c, char *d, char *e, long f, float g): //派生类构造函数
		basic(b), balance(c), minimum_balance(f), annual_interest_rate(g)
	{
		strcpy_s(name, a);
		strcpy_s(password, d);
		strcpy_s(address, e);
	}
	void show1();							//声明显示函数
	void deposit(long money);				//声明存款函数
	void withdrawal(long money);			//声明取款函数
	void change_password(char* chpassword);	//声明修改密码函数
	void modify_name(char* chname);			//声明修改姓名函数
	void modification_address(char* chaddress);//声明修改地址函数
	~account()								//派生类析构函数
	{}
};
	void account::show1()
	{
	cout << "姓名：" << name << endl;
	basic::show(id);
	cout << "余额：" << balance << endl;
	cout << "密码：" << password << endl;
	cout << "地址：" << address << endl;
	cout << "最小余额：" << minimum_balance << endl;
	cout << "年利率：" << annual_interest_rate << endl;
	}
	void account::deposit(long money) {
		balance += money;
	}
	void account::withdrawal(long money) {
		balance -= money;
	}
	void account::change_password(char *chpassword) {
		strcpy_s(password, chpassword);
	}
	void account::modify_name(char* chname) {
		strcpy_s(name, chname);
	}
	void account::modification_address(char* chaddress) {
		strcpy_s(address, chaddress);
	}

int main() {
	char name[20];
	long id;
	long balance;
	char password[20];
	char address[20];
	long minimum_balance;
	float annual_interest_rate;
	long money;						//存款或取款数额
	int a;

	cout << "请输入客户信息" << endl;
	cout << "---------------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "姓名：";
	cin >> name;
	cout << "账号：";
	cin >> id;
	cout << "余额：";
	cin >> balance;
	cout << "密码：";
	cin >> password;
	cout << "地址：";
	cin >> address;
	cout << "最小余额：";
	cin >> minimum_balance;
	cout << "年利率";
	cin >> annual_interest_rate;
	account n(name, id, balance, password, address, minimum_balance, annual_interest_rate);
	cout << "------------------------请输入操作------------------------------" << endl;
	cout << "1.打印客户信息" << endl << "2.存款" << endl << "3.取款" << endl; 
	cout << "4.修改密码" << endl <<"5.修改姓名" << endl << "6.修改地址" << endl;

	while (scanf("%d", &a) != EOF) {
		switch (a) {
		case 1:
			n.show1();
			break;
		case 2:
			cout << "请输入存款金额：" << endl;
			cin >> money;
			n.deposit(money);
			cout << "当前余额：" << n.balance <<endl;
			break;
		case 3:
			cout << "请输入取款金额：" << endl;
			cin >> money;
			n.withdrawal(money);
			cout << "当前余额：" << n.balance << endl;
			break;
		case 4:
			char chpassword[20];
			cout << "请输入原始密码：" << endl;
			cin >> chpassword;
			if (strcmp(n.password, chpassword) != 0) {
				cout << "原始密码错误！请重新选择操作！" << endl;
			}
			else {
				cout << "请输入新密码：" << endl;
				cin >> chpassword;
				n.change_password(chpassword);
				cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
			}
			break;
		case 5:
			char chname[20];
			cout << "请输入修改后的姓名：" << endl;
			cin >> chname;
			n.modify_name(chname);
			cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
			break;
		case 6:
			char chaddress[20];
			cout << "请输入修改后的地址：" << endl;
			cin >> chaddress;
			n.modification_address(chaddress);
			cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
			break;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}