mongoDB 3.0 安全权限访问控制(转)

原本地址：http://ibruce.info/2015/03/03/mongodb3-auth/

mongoDB 3.0 安全权限访问控制

MongoDB3.0权限，啥都不说了，谷歌百度出来的全是错的。先安装好盲沟，简单的没法说。

首先，不使用 —auth 参数，启动 mongoDB：

mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongod -f mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/mongodb.conf

此时你 show dbs 会看到只有一个local数据库，那个所谓的admin是不存在的。

mongoDB 没有炒鸡无敌用户root，只有能管理用户的用户 userAdminAnyDatabase。

打开 mongo shell：

mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongo

添加管理用户：

use admin db.createUser( { user: "buru", pwd: "12345678", roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ] } )

roles 中的 db 参数是必须的，不然会报错：Error: couldn’t add user: Missing expected field “db”。另外，有很多文章记录的是使用 db.addUser(…) 方法，这个方法是旧版的，3.0中已经不存在，详见：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/js-user-management。

切换到admin下，查看刚才创建的用户：

show users 或 db.system.users.find()

{ "_id" : "admin.buru", "user" : "buru", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "gwVwuA/dXvxgSHavEnlyvA==", "storedKey" : "l2QEVTEujpkCuqDEKqfIWbSv4ms=", "serverKey" : "M1ofNKXg2sNCsFrBJbX4pXbSgvg=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ] }

怎么关闭 mongoDB？千万不要 kill -9 pid，可以 kill -2 pid 或 db.shutdownServer()

下面使用 —auth 参 数，重新启动 mongoDB：

mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongod --auth -f mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/mongodb.conf

再次打开 mongo shell：

mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongo use admin db.auth("buru","12345678") #认证，返回1表示成功 或 mongodb-linux-i686-3.0.0/bin/mongo -u buru -p 12345678 --authenticationDatabase admin

此时

show collections

报错

2015-03-17T10:15:56.011+0800 E QUERY Error: listCollections failed: { "ok" : 0, "errmsg" : "not authorized on admin to execute command { listCollections: 1.0 }", "code" : 13 } at Error () at DB._getCollectionInfosCommand (src/mongo/shell/db.js:643:15) at DB.getCollectionInfos (src/mongo/shell/db.js:655:20) at DB.getCollectionNames (src/mongo/shell/db.js:666:17) at shellHelper.show (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:625:12) at shellHelper (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:524:36) at (shellhelp2):1:1 at src/mongo/shell/db.js:643

因为，用户buru只有用户管理的权限。

下面创建用户，用户都跟着库走，创建的用户都是

use tianhe db.createUser( { user: "bao", pwd: "12345678", roles: [ { role: "readWrite", db: "tianhe" }, { role: "read", db: "tianhe2" } ] } )

查看刚刚创建的用户。

show users { "_id" : "tianhe.bao", "user" : "bao", "db" : "tianhe", "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "tianhe" }, { "role" : "read", "db" : "tianhe2" } ] }

查看整个mongoDB全部的用户：

use admin db.system.users.find() { "_id" : "admin.buru", "user" : "buru", "db" : "admin", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "gwVwuA/dXvxgSHavEnlyvA==", "storedKey" : "l2QEVTEujpkCuqDEKqfIWbSv4ms=", "serverKey" : "M1ofNKXg2sNCsFrBJbX4pXbSgvg=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase", "db" : "admin" } ] } { "_id" : "tianhe.bao", "user" : "bao", "db" : "tianhe", "credentials" : { "SCRAM-SHA-1" : { "iterationCount" : 10000, "salt" : "//xy1V1fbqEHC1gzQqZHGQ==", "storedKey" : "ZS/o54zzl/FdcXLQJ98KdAVTfF0=", "serverKey" : "iIpNYz2Gk8KhyK3zgz6muBt0PI4=" } }, "roles" : [ { "role" : "readWrite", "db" : "tianhe" }, { "role" : "read", "db" : "tianhe2" } ] }

创建完毕，验证一下：

use buru show collections 2015-03-17T10:30:06.461+0800 E QUERY Error: listCollections failed: { "ok" : 0, "errmsg" : "not authorized on buru to execute command { listCollections: 1.0 }", "code" : 13 } at Error () at DB._getCollectionInfosCommand (src/mongo/shell/db.js:643:15) at DB.getCollectionInfos (src/mongo/shell/db.js:655:20) at DB.getCollectionNames (src/mongo/shell/db.js:666:17) at shellHelper.show (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:625:12) at shellHelper (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:524:36) at (shellhelp2):1:1 at src/mongo/shell/db.js:643 `

显然没权限，先auth：

db.auth("bao","12345678") 1 show collections news system.indexes wahaha

完毕！

参考：
Mongo Shell：http://docs.mongodb.org/v2.2/tutorial/getting-started-with-the-mongo-shell
Enable Access Control：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/enable-authentication
Add a User to a Database：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/add-user-to-database
User Methods：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/js-user-management
Role Methods：http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/method/js-role-management