Docker 入门流程

基础的docker基本命令

docker启动命令

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker

查询docker 命令帮助

[root@localhost ~]# docker --help

查看镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql         5.7       c20987f18b13   5 months ago   448MB
mysql         latest    3218b38490ce   5 months ago   516MB
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 months ago   13.3kB

docker 搜索命令 ( 它会去镜像地址去搜索)

[root@localhost ~]# docker search mysql
NAME                           DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                          MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   12606     [OK]       
mariadb                        MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou…   4843      [OK]       
percona                        Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati…   576       [OK]       
phpmyadmin                     phpMyAdmin - A web interface for MySQL and M…   542       [OK]       
bitnami/mysql                  Bitnami MySQL Docker Image                      71                   [OK]
linuxserver/mysql-workbench                                                    36                   
linuxserver/mysql              A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe…   35                   
ubuntu/mysql                   MySQL open source fast, stable, multi-thread…   33                   
circleci/mysql                 MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   26                   
google/mysql                   MySQL server for Google Compute Engine          21                   [OK]
rapidfort/mysql                RapidFort optimized, hardened image for mysql   12                   
vmware/harbor-db               Mysql container for Harbor                      10                   
bitnami/mysqld-exporter                                                        3                    
ibmcom/mysql-s390x             Docker image for mysql-s390x                    2                    
nasqueron/mysql                                                                1                    [OK]
newrelic/mysql-plugin          New Relic Plugin for monitoring MySQL databa…   1                    [OK]
vitess/mysqlctld               vitess/mysqlctld                                1                    [OK]
cimg/mysql                                                                     0                    
mirantis/mysql                                                                 0                    
drud/mysql-local-57            ddev mysql local container                      0                    
drud/mysql-docker-local-57     This repo has been deprecated, new tags are …   0                    
drud/mysql                                                                     0                    
drud/mysql-docker-local        docker containers for local womysql rk          0                    [OK]
docksal/mysql                  MySQL service images for Docksal - https://d…   0                    
silintl/mysql-backup-restore   Simple docker image to perform mysql backups…   0                    [OK]

docker pull 下载镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest   		  	 # 如果不写tag. 默认就是latest
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
72a69066d2fe: Pull complete     		 # 分层下载，docker imager 的核心 联合文件系统
93619dbc5b36: Pull complete 
99da31dd6142: Pull complete 
626033c43d70: Pull complete 
37d5d7efb64e: Pull complete 
ac563158d721: Pull complete 
d2ba16033dad: Pull complete 
688ba7d5c01a: Pull complete 
00e060b6d11d: Pull complete 
1c04857f594f: Pull complete 
4d7cfa90e6ea: Pull complete 
e0431212d27d: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:e9027fe4d91c0153429607251656806cc784e914937271037f7738bd5b8e7709  #签名
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest     #真实地址


# 等价于它 以下命令等价
docker pull mysql
docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest   

# 指定版本下载
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
72a69066d2fe: Already exists     #上面已经下载过的mysql镜像，这一次可以共用，所以表示已存在
93619dbc5b36: Already exists 
99da31dd6142: Already exists 
626033c43d70: Already exists 
37d5d7efb64e: Already exists 
ac563158d721: Already exists 
d2ba16033dad: Already exists 
0ceb82207cd7: Pull complete 
37f2405cae96: Pull complete 
e2482e017e53: Pull complete 
70deed891d42: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:f2ad209efe9c67104167fc609cca6973c8422939491c9345270175a300419f94
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7

docker rmi 删除镜像

# 查看已有的镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql         5.7       c20987f18b13   5 months ago   448MB
mysql         latest    3218b38490ce   5 months ago   516MB
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 months ago   13.3kB

 # 根据镜像的id进行删除
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi -f c20987f18b13  
Untagged: mysql:5.7
Untagged: mysql@sha256:f2ad209efe9c67104167fc609cca6973c8422939491c9345270175a300419f94
Deleted: sha256:c20987f18b130f9d144c9828df630417e2a9523148930dc3963e9d0dab302a76
Deleted: sha256:6567396b065ee734fb2dbb80c8923324a778426dfd01969f091f1ab2d52c7989

# 查看镜像，删除成功
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql         latest    3218b38490ce   5 months ago   516MB
hello-world   latest    feb5d9fea6a5   7 months ago   13.3kB

# 查询出所有镜像后进行递归删除
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)
Untagged: mysql:latest
Untagged: mysql@sha256:e9027fe4d91c0153429607251656806cc784e914937271037f7738bd5b8e7709
Deleted: sha256:3218b38490cec8d31976a40b92e09d61377359eab878db49f025e5d464367f3b
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:80f31da1ac7b312ba29d65080fddf797dd76acfb870e677f390d5acba9741b17
Deleted: sha256:feb5d9fea6a5e9606aa995e879d862b825965ba48de054caab5ef356dc6b3412

容器命令

说明:我们有了镜像才可以创建容器，linux,下载一个centos镜像来测试学习

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos

# 查看镜像， 镜像已经下载成功
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   8 months ago   231MB

1、新建容器并启动

docker run [可选参数] image    # 可选参数使用 docker run --help  命令查看有哪些

# 参数说明
--name="name"	容器名字 tomcat01   tomcat02  用来区分容器
-d 			后台方式运行 
-it			使用交互方式运行，进入容器查看内容
-p				指定容器的端口 -p 8080:8080\
	-p 主机端口：容器端口（常用）
	-p 容器端口
-p	随机指定端口

	 		

测试：

启动容器并给名字 为 it

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash  	
[root@317beaac0681 /]# 					

表明已经进入到容器了

查看启动的容器内部， 可以看出这个容器内容跟普通的容器没啥区别

[root@317beaac0681 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var 

退出容器

exit   # 容器停止运行并退出
ctrl + p + q  # 容器不停止退出

[root@317beaac0681 /]# exit    # 容器停止运行并退出

# ctrl + P + Q  # 容器不停止退出 (在键盘的大写模式下按这几个键)
[root@4cac2196aa2e /]# [root@localhost ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED              STATUS              PORTS     NAMES
4cac2196aa2e   centos    "/bin/bash"   13 seconds ago       Up 10 seconds                 peaceful_carver
64efab6e12e5   centos    "/bin/bash"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute             objective_jackson

列出所有运行的容器

# docker ps 命令 
-a			# 列出当前正在运行的容器（默认容器），顺带带出历史运行过的容器
-n=?		# 只显示最近创建的容器
-q			# 只显示容器的编号

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
3bd0aed6e189   centos         "/bin/bash"   45 seconds ago   Exited (0) 17 seconds ago             hopeful_williams
598addfa8720   centos         "/bin/bash"   5 hours ago      Exited (0) 5 hours ago                quirky_agnesi
317beaac0681   centos         "/bin/bash"   5 hours ago      Exited (130) 5 hours ago              fervent_lalande
83c174518303   feb5d9fea6a5   "/hello"      46 hours ago     Exited (0) 46 hours ago               thirsty_davinci
204a0f5e6da0   feb5d9fea6a5   "/hello"      46 hours ago     Exited (0) 46 hours ago               clever_archimedes		

 docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED              STATUS              PORTS     NAMES
4cac2196aa2e   centos    "/bin/bash"   13 seconds ago       Up 10 seconds                 peaceful_carver
64efab6e12e5   centos    "/bin/bash"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute             objective_jackson

删除容器

docker rm 容器id		# 根据容器id删除容器（不能删除正在运行的容器，要强制删除利用 rm -f）
docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)	# 删除所有容器
docker ps -a -q|xargs docker rm	# 删除所有容器
下面是列子：

# 由于rm 容器id 不能删除正在运行的容器而导致报错
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm 4cac2196aa2e
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 4cac2196aa2e1df5d16f987c560d3dd81dea7cfa1bdb362cc4e4150856421d0b. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -aq
4cac2196aa2e
64efab6e12e5
3bd0aed6e189
598addfa8720
317beaac0681
83c174518303
204a0f5e6da0

# rm -f 即可删除正在运行的容器 $(docker ps -aq): 查询出所有正在运行的容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)
4cac2196aa2e
64efab6e12e5
3bd0aed6e189
598addfa8720
317beaac0681
83c174518303
204a0f5e6da0
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -aq		
[root@localhost ~]# 				# 可以看到，容器都被删除掉了

启动和停止容器的操作

docker start 容器id		# 启动容器
docker restart 容器id	# 重启容器
docker stop 容器id		# 停止 当前正在运行的容器
docker kill 			# 强制停止当前容器

下面是例子（需要有历史运行过的容器，才可以使用以上四条命令）：

# 先运行一个容器（这里的目的为了能找到历史运行容器id，否则无法使用上面的方式启动容器）
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash   

# 把该容器退出
[root@00faae8b4bf2 /]# exit
exit

# 查看当前正在运行的容器（为空）
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

# 查看历史运行过的容器（可以看到 容器id=00faae8b4bf2。有了该容器id 就可以用以上命令启动或者停止容器了）
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED              STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
00faae8b4bf2   centos    "/bin/bash"   19 seconds ago       Exited (127) 8 seconds ago                suspicious_meninsky
1581a1d0cf0a   centos    "/bin/bash"   About a minute ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago             serene_bouman

# 使用docker start 容器id 命令启动容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker start 00faae8b4bf2
00faae8b4bf2
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
00faae8b4bf2   centos    "/bin/bash"   45 seconds ago   Up 4 seconds             suspicious_meninsky

# 使用docker stop 容器id 停止容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker stop 00faae8b4bf2
00faae8b4bf2
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@localhost ~]# 

常用的其他docker 命令

后台启动容器

注意： 该条命令启动容器后，使用docker ps 查看，会发现该容器停止了
原因： docker 容器使用后台运行，就必须要有一个前台的进程，docker 发现没有应用，就会自动停止
有使用容器就装了一个nginx ，此时容器启动后，发现自己没有提供服务，就会立刻停止，就是没有程序了

# docker run -d 镜像名

查看日志

docker logs -f -t --tail [要显示的日志条数] 容器id 
# 自己编写一段shell脚本，循环打印一句话（为了查看日志）
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo chenxiansheng;sleep 1;done"
3926294a2cca4431540e8c5aced519f22c0999f9e6466bd96e767cea548c53ae
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
3926294a2cca   centos    "/bin/sh -c 'while t…"   5 seconds ago   Up 4 seconds             fervent_torvalds

# 查看日志命令
[root@localhost ~]# docker logs -t -f --tail 5 3926294a2cca
2022-05-22T06:56:16.970217803Z chenxiansheng
2022-05-22T06:56:17.983250772Z chenxiansheng
2022-05-22T06:56:18.994815474Z chenxiansheng
2022-05-22T06:56:19.998974466Z chenxiansheng
2022-05-22T06:56:21.003155944Z chenxiansheng
^C
[root@localhost ~]# 

查看容器运行进程信息

docker top 容器id

# 例子：
[root@localhost ~]# docker top 3926294a2cca
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                1967                1947                0                   14:54               ?                   00:00:00            /bin/sh -c while true;do echo chenxiansheng;sleep 1;done
root                2845                1967                0                   15:08               ?                   00:00:00            /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 1

查看镜像的元数据

docker inspect  

# docker inspect 能使用的命令
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect --help

Usage:  docker inspect [OPTIONS] NAME|ID [NAME|ID...]

Return low-level information on Docker objects

Options:
  -f, --format string   Format the output using the given Go template
  -s, --size            Display total file sizes if the type is container
      --type string     Return JSON for specified type


下面是使用例子：
# 可以看到镜像id 是该进程id的前缀
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect 3926294a2cca
[
    {
        "Id": "3926294a2cca4431540e8c5aced519f22c0999f9e6466bd96e767cea548c53ae",
        "Created": "2022-05-22T06:54:51.055490626Z",
        "Path": "/bin/sh",
        "Args": [
            "-c",
            "while true;do echo chenxiansheng;sleep 1;done"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 1967,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2022-05-22T06:54:52.152158173Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3926294a2cca4431540e8c5aced519f22c0999f9e6466bd96e767cea548c53ae/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3926294a2cca4431540e8c5aced519f22c0999f9e6466bd96e767cea548c53ae/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3926294a2cca4431540e8c5aced519f22c0999f9e6466bd96e767cea548c53ae/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3926294a2cca4431540e8c5aced519f22c0999f9e6466bd96e767cea548c53ae/3926294a2cca4431540e8c5aced519f22c0999f9e6466bd96e767cea548c53ae-json.log",
        "Name": "/fervent_torvalds",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e564fca82acaf0d594fea6217e190503e5674ff9909a45429ec75cb0d8ab2d72-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/8da0b0258a4c475bbdf2c544b058908a98b9e203ccddd77c36dcad7dc096162a/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e564fca82acaf0d594fea6217e190503e5674ff9909a45429ec75cb0d8ab2d72/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e564fca82acaf0d594fea6217e190503e5674ff9909a45429ec75cb0d8ab2d72/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/e564fca82acaf0d594fea6217e190503e5674ff9909a45429ec75cb0d8ab2d72/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "3926294a2cca",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/sh",
                "-c",
                "while true;do echo chenxiansheng;sleep 1;done"
            ],
            "Image": "centos",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "d80dfcd35589cac557f556bf5f47895d0d7dc9eabf461985c703b240daed0f33",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/d80dfcd35589",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "41234855c20dd7890acb5e3a48217c14e61a1e3ab876d01f79ed03b88d543b88",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "5702770d4ed5c8618623571e5e7d4fa386b63c152a28bc01c40830bb8e389d21",
                    "EndpointID": "41234855c20dd7890acb5e3a48217c14e61a1e3ab876d01f79ed03b88d543b88",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

进入当前正在运行的容器

docker exec -it 容器id bashShell			# 进入容器后开启一个新的终端，可以再里面操作
docker attach 容器id						# 进入容器正在执行的终端，不会开启新的进程

-it    # 表示使用交互模式

下面是例子
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 3926294a2cca /bin/bash
[root@3926294a2cca /]# 

从容器内拷贝文件到主机上

docker cp 容器id:容器内路径 目的主机路径

下面是例子： 首先进入到容器home文件夹建立一个文件，随后退出到本机，再利用docker复制命令把容器的文件复制到本机的home里面来
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it 3926294a2cca /bin/bash
[root@3926294a2cca /]# cd home
[root@3926294a2cca home]# 
[root@3926294a2cca home]# touch chenxiansheng222.java 
[root@3926294a2cca home]# ls
chenxiansheng222.java
[root@3926294a2cca home]# exit
exit
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                        PORTS     NAMES
3926294a2cca   centos    "/bin/sh -c 'while t…"   35 minutes ago   Up 35 minutes                           fervent_torvalds
47d1e769d463   centos    "/bin/sh -c 'while t…"   36 minutes ago   Exited (137) 35 minutes ago             great_wing
00faae8b4bf2   centos    "/bin/bash"              18 hours ago     Exited (0) 18 hours ago                 suspicious_meninsky
1581a1d0cf0a   centos    "/bin/bash"              18 hours ago     Exited (0) 18 hours ago                 serene_bouman


# 使用复制命令将容器的文件复制到本机的linux上来
[root@localhost ~]# docker cp 3926294a2cca:/home/chenxiansheng222.java /home 
[root@3926294a2cca home]# exit
exit
[root@localhost /]# cd home/
[root@localhost home]# ls
chenmaolin  chenxiansheng222.java				# 可以看到文件已经正确复制到本机上了

实际应用

docker 安装 Nginx

1、 下载nginx 镜像
2、 启动nginx
3、测试
docker run -d --name nginx01 -p 3344:80 nginx

• -d # 设置后台运行
• –name nginx01 # 给要启动的nginx一个名字,取名为nginx01
• -p 3344:80 # 3344指的是linux的端口号，80指的是nginx容器的默认端口，将容器的

# 下载nginx 镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete 
a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete 
589b7251471a: Pull complete 
186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete 
b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete 
a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   4 months ago   141MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   8 months ago   231MB

# 运行nginx镜像，参数说明：

 - -d  					# 设置后台运行
 - --name nginx01		# 给要启动的nginx一个名字,取名为nginx01	
 - -p 3344:80			# 3344指的是linux的端口号，80指的是nginx容器的默认端口，将容器的端口映射到linux端口
 - nginx 				#指的是容器名称REPOSITORY   
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --name nginx01 -p 3344:80 nginx
e87309bccecb4163d75b0cf6d87ebadc330e64b6de14e7c31fd0a76da19f23d8

# 查看运行的nginx ，可以看到容器运行成功
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                   NAMES
e87309bccecb   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   26 seconds ago   Up 23 seconds   0.0.0.0:3344->80/tcp, :::3344->80/tcp   nginx01

# 测试nginx，可以看到 welcome to nginx ，测试成功
[root@localhost ~]# curl localhost:3344
<!DOCTYPE html>