spring boot Mysql 多数据源 + shardingSphere 接入

项目中因为分库分表需要,需同时保留新旧数据源,所以需要引入多数据源的组件。 下面简单说明引入的过程,并对代码做简要分析。

引入 jar

gradle

compile("com.baomidou:dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter:3.1.1")

maven



    com.baomidou
    dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter
    3.1.1

配置文件

spring:
  datasource:
    dynamic:
      datasource:
        single:
          driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
          url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:6033/account?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
          username: root
          password: mRVHePdfa4Z3X0ewfctefpZuqDrSbtINR4VRslgA2s
          type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
      primary: single

源码分析多数据源接入的过程

DynamicDataSourceAutoConfiguration.java
如果我们不写自己的配置文件,会默认加载该文件的配置

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public DynamicDataSourceProvider dynamicDataSourceProvider() {
        Map datasourceMap = properties.getDatasource(); // 获取配置信息
        return new YmlDynamicDataSourceProvider(datasourceMap);  // 实例化 YmlDynamicDataSourceProvider
    }
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public DataSource dataSource(DynamicDataSourceProvider dynamicDataSourceProvider) {
        DynamicRoutingDataSource dataSource = new DynamicRoutingDataSource();
        dataSource.setPrimary(properties.getPrimary());
        dataSource.setStrict(properties.getStrict());
        dataSource.setStrategy(properties.getStrategy());
        dataSource.setProvider(dynamicDataSourceProvider); // 将上面的 dynamicDataSourceProvider 到 dataSource
        dataSource.setP6spy(properties.getP6spy());
        dataSource.setSeata(properties.getSeata());
        return dataSource;
    }

上面实例化 DynamicRoutingDataSource 类之后,并给属性设置了值,那在什么时候连接数据库资源呢,可以跳转到
DynamicRoutingDataSource 文件看下, 里面有一段很关键的代码

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        Map dataSources = provider.loadDataSources();  // 看这里,这一步 provider.loadDataSources() 完成了对数据源的连接, 后面的的代码则进行分组
        // 添加并分组数据源
        for (Map.Entry dsItem : dataSources.entrySet()) {
            addDataSource(dsItem.getKey(), dsItem.getValue());
        }
        // 检测默认数据源设置
        if (groupDataSources.containsKey(primary)) {
            log.info("dynamic-datasource initial loaded [{}] datasource,primary group datasource named [{}]", dataSources.size(), primary);
        } else if (dataSourceMap.containsKey(primary)) {
            log.info("dynamic-datasource initial loaded [{}] datasource,primary datasource named [{}]", dataSources.size(), primary);
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("dynamic-datasource Please check the setting of primary");
        }
    }

这时候我们可以来看下 provider 的 接口定义及实现

public interface DynamicDataSourceProvider {

    /**
     * 加载所有数据源
     *
     * @return 所有数据源,key为数据源名称
     */
    Map loadDataSources();
}

抽象类 AbstractDataSourceProvider 实现了 DynamicDataSourceProvider, 该方式定义了 createDataSourceMap 方法

@Slf4j
public abstract class AbstractDataSourceProvider implements DynamicDataSourceProvider {

    @Autowired
    private DataSourceCreator dataSourceCreator;

    protected Map createDataSourceMap(
            Map dataSourcePropertiesMap) {
        Map dataSourceMap = new HashMap<>(dataSourcePropertiesMap.size() * 2);
        for (Map.Entry item : dataSourcePropertiesMap.entrySet()) {
            DataSourceProperty dataSourceProperty = item.getValue();
            String pollName = dataSourceProperty.getPoolName();
            if (pollName == null || "".equals(pollName)) {
                pollName = item.getKey();
            }
            dataSourceProperty.setPoolName(pollName);
            dataSourceMap.put(pollName, dataSourceCreator.createDataSource(dataSourceProperty)); // 这一步连接了数据源, DataSourceCreator  主要就调用更底层的类,完成对【连接数据源】的操作
        }
        return dataSourceMap;
    }
}

而我们上面实例的 YmlDynamicDataSourceProvider 则继承了 AbstractDataSourceProvider类,并实现了 loadDataSources 方法

    @Override
    public Map loadDataSources() {
        return createDataSourceMap(dataSourcePropertiesMap);
    }

分库分表组件的引入

前面提到了分库分表,自然要引入 shardingsphere 的 jar ,那如果将 shardingsphere 的数据源加入到数据源呢,这个时候就需要我们自己写个配置类,在默认的配置类之前完成配置

jar 包引入

gradle

compile("org.apache.shardingsphere:shardingsphere-jdbc-core-spring-boot-starter:5.1.0")

配置

spring:
  shardingsphere:
    datasource:
      names: sharding
      sharding:
        driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
        jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:6033/account?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
        username: root
        password: mRVHePdfa4Z3X0ewfctefpZuqDrSbtINR4VRslgA2s
        type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
    rules:
      sharding:
        key-generators:
          snowflake:
            type: SNOWFLAKE
        sharding-algorithms:
          idhash:
            props:
              sharding-count: 3
            type: MOD
        tables:
          user:
            actual-data-nodes: sharding.user_$->{0..2}
            key-generate-strategy:
              column: id
              key-generator-name: snowflake
            table-strategy:
              standard:
                sharding-algorithm-name: idhash
                sharding-column: id

配置类

package cn.codemao.service.platform.accounthub.hub.config;

import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.DynamicRoutingDataSource;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.provider.AbstractDataSourceProvider;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.provider.DynamicDataSourceProvider;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DataSourceProperty;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DynamicDataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DynamicDataSourceProperties;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.driver.jdbc.adapter.AbstractDataSourceAdapter;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureBefore;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Lazy;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
@AutoConfigureBefore({DynamicDataSourceAutoConfiguration.class, SpringBootConfiguration.class})
public class DataSourceConfiguration {

    final String SHARDING_DATA_RESOURCE_NAME = "sharding";

    @Resource
    private DynamicDataSourceProperties properties;

    /**
     * shardingSphereDataSource
     */
    @Lazy
    @Resource(name = "shardingSphereDataSource")
    AbstractDataSourceAdapter shardingSphereDataSource;

    @Bean
    public DynamicDataSourceProvider dynamicDataSourceProvider() {

        Map datasourceMap = properties.getDatasource();
        return new AbstractDataSourceProvider() {
            @Override
            public Map loadDataSources() {
                Map dataSourceMap = createDataSourceMap(datasourceMap);
                // 将 shardingSphere 的数据源存储到 dataSourceMap,这里存储在 `sharding`, 取连接的时候要注意一样的标识,要不然会出现空指针的情况
                dataSourceMap.put(SHARDING_DATA_RESOURCE_NAME, shardingSphereDataSource);
                return dataSourceMap;
            }
        };
    }

    /**
     * 将动态数据源设置为首选的
     * 当spring存在多个数据源时, 自动注入的是首选的对象
     * 这里可以简单解释下为什么要加 @Primary 注解
    *  MybatisAutoConfiguration 依赖到 DataSource,但是在我们引入多数据源和分表组件后,有两个文件
shardingSphereDataSource,DynamicDataSourceAutoConfiguration的方法都加上了 @Bean 注解,IOC 容器不确定哪个 DataSource 对象需要注入到容器,这个时候就要加上 @Primary 注解,标明当前这个Bean主要的,可以注入
     */
    @Primary
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(DynamicDataSourceProvider dynamicDataSourceProvider) {
        DynamicRoutingDataSource dataSource = new DynamicRoutingDataSource();
        dataSource.setPrimary(properties.getPrimary());
        dataSource.setStrict(properties.getStrict());
        dataSource.setStrategy(properties.getStrategy());
        dataSource.setProvider(dynamicDataSourceProvider);
        dataSource.setP6spy(properties.getP6spy());
        dataSource.setSeata(properties.getSeata());
        return dataSource;
    }
}

总结

单纯搬网上的配置类,总感觉一直半解,分析源码后,就会对整个过程比较清晰。对应后续有可能出现的问题,也更容易解决。接下来会出一篇结合实际项目的分库分表文章 《shardingSphere 项目实战》

参考文档

多数据源组件
shardingsphere组件

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