Kubernetes常用命令
命令说明
-A 表示所有信息
-o wide 表示详细信息
–show-labels 表示查询标签详细信息Node 相关
获取节点信息
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 Ready control-plane,master 5d1h v1.23.6
k8s-node01 Ready 5d1h v1.23.1
k8s-node02 Ready 5d1h v1.23.1 获取节点详细信息
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get node -o wide
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION INTERNAL-IP EXTERNAL-IP OS-IMAGE KERNEL-VERSION CONTAINER-RUNTIME
k8s-master01 Ready control-plane,master 5d1h v1.23.6 192.168.160.100 CentOS Linux 7 (Core) 5.4.228-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 docker://20.10.21
k8s-node01 Ready 5d1h v1.23.1 192.168.160.101 CentOS Linux 7 (Core) 5.4.228-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 docker://20.10.21
k8s-node02 Ready 5d1h v1.23.1 192.168.160.102 CentOS Linux 7 (Core) 5.4.228-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 docker://20.10.21 获取节点信息标签信息
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get node --show-labels
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION LABELS
k8s-master01 Ready control-plane,master 5d1h v1.23.6 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s-master01,kubernetes.io/os=linux,node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane=,node-role.kubernetes.io/master=,node.kubernetes.io/exclude-from-external-load-balancers=
k8s-node01 Ready 5d1h v1.23.1 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s-node01,kubernetes.io/os=linux
k8s-node02 Ready 5d1h v1.23.1 beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=k8s-node02,kubernetes.io/os=linux 给节点增加标签
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl label nodes k8s-master01 type=xiaomi
node/k8s-master01 labeled给节点去除标签
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl label nodes k8s-master01 type-
node/k8s-master01 unlabeledpod 相关
run pod(run docker一样)
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl run ng-test --image=nginx:1.14.2
pod/ng-test created查看所有pod列表
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get po -A
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
default ng-test 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 27s
default nginx-deployment-85b98978db-ksvqb 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
default nginx-deployment-85b98978db-wvnxr 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
default nginx-deployment-85b98978db-zckmw 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-flannel kube-flannel-ds-562d5 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-flannel kube-flannel-ds-mpvlr 1/1 Running 3 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-flannel kube-flannel-ds-rdzff 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-system coredns-6d8c4cb4d-rzlbl 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-system coredns-6d8c4cb4d-w9hxs 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-system etcd-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 4 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-system kube-proxy-97hqw 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-system kube-proxy-98frt 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-system kube-proxy-zhzjh 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h查看指定命名空间下的pod
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get po -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-6d8c4cb4d-rzlbl 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
coredns-6d8c4cb4d-w9hxs 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
etcd-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 4 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-apiserver-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-proxy-97hqw 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-proxy-98frt 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-proxy-zhzjh 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h
kube-scheduler-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h查看某个pod详细信息
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get po -A -o wide | grep kube-apiserver-k8s-master01
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.100 k8s-master01 查看某个pod描述信息
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl describe pod kube-apiserver-k8s-master01 -n kube-system
Name: kube-apiserver-k8s-master01
Namespace: kube-system
Priority: 2000001000
Priority Class Name: system-node-critical
Node: k8s-master01/192.168.160.100
Start Time: Thu, 23 Mar 2023 15:14:00 +0800
Labels: component=kube-apiserver
tier=control-plane
Annotations: kubeadm.kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver.advertise-address.endpoint: 192.168.160.100:6443
kubernetes.io/config.hash: d009473a9d4a2af6c51645f89f3b4c99
kubernetes.io/config.mirror: d009473a9d4a2af6c51645f89f3b4c99
kubernetes.io/config.seen: 2023-03-23T15:13:59.077626894+08:00
kubernetes.io/config.source: file
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: runtime/default
Status: Running
IP: 192.168.160.100
IPs:
IP: 192.168.160.100
Controlled By: Node/k8s-master01
Containers:
kube-apiserver:
Container ID: docker://99384715a4e1a295106a66a863c4dae14d4975ea1b41ed2a2ff823924b5ec610
Image: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.23.17
Image ID: docker-pullable://registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver@sha256:46953dc9bc74e9a5dc86a994b3f7717805f9d0c690bafe78ab7af631b757decf
Port:
Host Port:
Command:
kube-apiserver
--advertise-address=192.168.160.100
--allow-privileged=true
--authorization-mode=Node,RBAC
--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt
--enable-admission-plugins=NodeRestriction
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true
--etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt
--etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-etcd-client.crt
--etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-etcd-client.key
--etcd-servers=https://127.0.0.1:2379
--kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-kubelet-client.crt
--kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-kubelet-client.key
--kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname
--proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.crt
--proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.key
--requestheader-allowed-names=front-proxy-client
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
--secure-port=6443
--service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
--service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub
--service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/16
--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.crt
--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.key
State: Running
Started: Tue, 28 Mar 2023 15:11:36 +0800
Last State: Terminated
Reason: Error
Exit Code: 1
Started: Thu, 23 Mar 2023 23:03:14 +0800
Finished: Fri, 24 Mar 2023 00:13:40 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 2
Requests:
cpu: 250m
Liveness: http-get https://192.168.160.100:6443/livez delay=10s timeout=15s period=10s #success=1 #failure=8
Readiness: http-get https://192.168.160.100:6443/readyz delay=0s timeout=15s period=1s #success=1 #failure=3
Startup: http-get https://192.168.160.100:6443/livez delay=10s timeout=15s period=10s #success=1 #failure=24
Environment:
Mounts:
/etc/kubernetes/pki from k8s-certs (ro)
/etc/pki from etc-pki (ro)
/etc/ssl/certs from ca-certs (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
ca-certs:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /etc/ssl/certs
HostPathType: DirectoryOrCreate
etc-pki:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /etc/pki
HostPathType: DirectoryOrCreate
k8s-certs:
Type: HostPath (bare host directory volume)
Path: /etc/kubernetes/pki
HostPathType: DirectoryOrCreate
QoS Class: Burstable
Node-Selectors:
Tolerations: :NoExecute op=Exists
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Warning DNSConfigForming 16s (x23 over 27m) kubelet Nameserver limits were exceeded, some nameservers have been omitted, the applied nameserver line is: 10.159.65.1 10.159.65.2 223.5.5.5 强制删除pod
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl delete po ng-test --force --grace-period=0 -n csw
待验证namespace 相关
切换默认的命名空间
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl config set-context --current --namespace=kube-system
Context "kubernetes-admin@kubernetes" modified.获取集群命名空间列表
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get ns
NAME STATUS AGE
default Active 5d1h
kube-flannel Active 5d1h
kube-node-lease Active 5d1h
kube-public Active 5d1h
kube-system Active 5d1h创建命名空间
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl create ns demos
namespace/demos created
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get ns
NAME STATUS AGE
default Active 5d1h
demos Active 14s
kube-flannel Active 5d1h
kube-node-lease Active 5d1h
kube-public Active 5d1h
kube-system Active 5d1h删除命名空间
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl delete ns demos
namespace "demos" deleted
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get ns
NAME STATUS AGE
default Active 5d1h
kube-flannel Active 5d1h
kube-node-lease Active 5d1h
kube-public Active 5d1h
kube-system Active 5d1h查看位于命名空间的资源
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl api-resources --namespaced=true
NAME SHORTNAMES APIVERSION NAMESPACED KIND
bindings v1 true Binding
configmaps cm v1 true ConfigMap
endpoints ep v1 true Endpoints
events ev v1 true Event
limitranges limits v1 true LimitRange
persistentvolumeclaims pvc v1 true PersistentVolumeClaim
pods po v1 true Pod
podtemplates v1 true PodTemplate
replicationcontrollers rc v1 true ReplicationController
resourcequotas quota v1 true ResourceQuota
secrets v1 true Secret
serviceaccounts sa v1 true ServiceAccount
services svc v1 true Service
controllerrevisions apps/v1 true ControllerRevision
daemonsets ds apps/v1 true DaemonSet
deployments deploy apps/v1 true Deployment
replicasets rs apps/v1 true ReplicaSet
statefulsets sts apps/v1 true StatefulSet
localsubjectaccessreviews authorization.k8s.io/v1 true LocalSubjectAccessReview
horizontalpodautoscalers hpa autoscaling/v2 true HorizontalPodAutoscaler
cronjobs cj batch/v1 true CronJob
jobs batch/v1 true Job
leases coordination.k8s.io/v1 true Lease
endpointslices discovery.k8s.io/v1 true EndpointSlice
events ev events.k8s.io/v1 true Event
ingresses ing networking.k8s.io/v1 true Ingress
networkpolicies netpol networking.k8s.io/v1 true NetworkPolicy
poddisruptionbudgets pdb policy/v1 true PodDisruptionBudget
rolebindings rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 true RoleBinding
roles rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 true Role
csistoragecapacities storage.k8s.io/v1beta1 true CSIStorageCapacity查看不在命名空间内的资源
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl api-resources --namespaced=false
NAME SHORTNAMES APIVERSION NAMESPACED KIND
componentstatuses cs v1 false ComponentStatus
namespaces ns v1 false Namespace
nodes no v1 false Node
persistentvolumes pv v1 false PersistentVolume
mutatingwebhookconfigurations admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1 false MutatingWebhookConfiguration
validatingwebhookconfigurations admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1 false ValidatingWebhookConfiguration
customresourcedefinitions crd,crds apiextensions.k8s.io/v1 false CustomResourceDefinition
apiservices apiregistration.k8s.io/v1 false APIService
tokenreviews authentication.k8s.io/v1 false TokenReview
selfsubjectaccessreviews authorization.k8s.io/v1 false SelfSubjectAccessReview
selfsubjectrulesreviews authorization.k8s.io/v1 false SelfSubjectRulesReview
subjectaccessreviews authorization.k8s.io/v1 false SubjectAccessReview
certificatesigningrequests csr certificates.k8s.io/v1 false CertificateSigningRequest
flowschemas flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io/v1beta2 false FlowSchema
prioritylevelconfigurations flowcontrol.apiserver.k8s.io/v1beta2 false PriorityLevelConfiguration
ingressclasses networking.k8s.io/v1 false IngressClass
runtimeclasses node.k8s.io/v1 false RuntimeClass
podsecuritypolicies psp policy/v1beta1 false PodSecurityPolicy
clusterrolebindings rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 false ClusterRoleBinding
clusterroles rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 false ClusterRole
priorityclasses pc scheduling.k8s.io/v1 false PriorityClass
csidrivers storage.k8s.io/v1 false CSIDriver
csinodes storage.k8s.io/v1 false CSINode
storageclasses sc storage.k8s.io/v1 false StorageClass
volumeattachments storage.k8s.io/v1 false VolumeAttachmentservice 相关
获取service列表
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kube-dns ClusterIP 10.1.0.10 53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP 5d1h
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl config set-context --current --namespace=default
Context "kubernetes-admin@kubernetes" modified.
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.1.0.1 443/TCP 5d1h
nginx-service NodePort 10.1.223.156 80:32613/TCP 5d1h deployment
获取deployment
待研究
卷相关
获取PV
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pv
No resources found获取多种资源
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get ns,svc,po -A -o wide
NAME STATUS AGE
namespace/default Active 5d1h
namespace/kube-flannel Active 5d1h
namespace/kube-node-lease Active 5d1h
namespace/kube-public Active 5d1h
namespace/kube-system Active 5d1h
NAMESPACE NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
default service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.1.0.1 443/TCP 5d1h
default service/nginx-service NodePort 10.1.223.156 80:32613/TCP 5d1h app=nginx
kube-system service/kube-dns ClusterIP 10.1.0.10 53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP 5d1h k8s-app=kube-dns
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
default pod/ng-test 1/1 Running 0 15m 10.244.2.8 k8s-node01
default pod/nginx-deployment-85b98978db-ksvqb 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 10.244.2.6 k8s-node01
default pod/nginx-deployment-85b98978db-wvnxr 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 10.244.1.9 k8s-node02
default pod/nginx-deployment-85b98978db-zckmw 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 10.244.1.8 k8s-node02
kube-flannel pod/kube-flannel-ds-562d5 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.102 k8s-node02
kube-flannel pod/kube-flannel-ds-mpvlr 1/1 Running 3 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.101 k8s-node01
kube-flannel pod/kube-flannel-ds-rdzff 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.100 k8s-master01
kube-system pod/coredns-6d8c4cb4d-rzlbl 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 10.244.1.10 k8s-node02
kube-system pod/coredns-6d8c4cb4d-w9hxs 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 10.244.2.7 k8s-node01
kube-system pod/etcd-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 4 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.100 k8s-master01
kube-system pod/kube-apiserver-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.100 k8s-master01
kube-system pod/kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.100 k8s-master01
kube-system pod/kube-proxy-97hqw 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.102 k8s-node02
kube-system pod/kube-proxy-98frt 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.100 k8s-master01
kube-system pod/kube-proxy-zhzjh 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.101 k8s-node01
kube-system pod/kube-scheduler-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 2 (4d16h ago) 5d1h 192.168.160.100 k8s-master01