CentOS7使用yum安装MySQL

1. 删除已安装的MySQL

1.1 检查MariaDB

# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-server-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
mariadb-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

1.2 删除mariadb

如果上面检查没有,直接跳过当前步骤

#rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-server
# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb
# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

1.3 检查MySQL

# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch
mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64

1.4 删除MySQL

#rpm -e --nodeps mysql80-community
#rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-client
#rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-libs
#rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-server
#rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-common
#rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-libs-compat

2. 添加MySQL Yum 源

2.1 查看系统版本:

# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

2.2 下载MySQL源

去MySQL官网下载与系统匹配的版本。CentOS 7下载mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

2.3 安装MySQL源

# rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

2.4 检查是否安装成功

执行成功后会在/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下生成两个repo文件mysql-community.repomysql-community-source.repo

并且通过yum repolist可以看到mysql相关资源

# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
!mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                203
!mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                     129
!mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server                504

3. 选择MySQL版本

使用MySQL Yum Repository安装MySQL,默认会选择当前最新的稳定版本,例如通过上面的MySQL源进行安装的话,默安装会选择MySQL 8.0版本,如果就是想要安装该版本,可以直接跳过此步骤,如果不是,比如我这里希望安装MySQL5.7版本,就需要“切换一下版本”:

3.1 查看当前MySQL Yum Repository中所有MySQL版本

# yum repolist all | grep mysql

3.2 切换版本

# sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
# sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community

4. 安装MySQL

# yum install mysql-community-server

5. 启停MySQL

# systemctl start mysqld.service          #启动

# systemctl stop mysqld.service          #停止

# systemctl restart mysqld.service          #重启

 # systemctl status mysqld.service          #查看状态

6. 修改密码

6.1 初始密码

MySQL第一次启动后会创建超级管理员账号root@localhost,初始密码存储在日志文件中

# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

6.2 修改默认密码

使用初始密码登录MySQL修改

# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

出现上面的提示是因为密码太简单了,解决方法如下:

  • 使用复杂密码,MySQL默认的密码策略是要包含数字、字母及特殊字符;
  • 如果只是测试用,不想用那么复杂的密码,可以修改默认策略,即validate_password_policy(以及validate_password_length等相关参数),使其支持简单密码的设定,具体方法可以自行百度;
  • 修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf,添加validate_password=OFF,保存并重启MySQL

7. 允许root远程访问

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

8. 设置编码为utf8

8.1 查看编码

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';

8.2 设置编码

编辑/etc/my.cnf,[mysqld]节点增加以下代码:

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'

9. 设置开机启动

# systemctl enable mysqld
# systemctl daemon-reload

本文参考:https://juejin.cn/post/6844903870053761037

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