kubernetes安装dashboard教程

kubernetes安装dashboard教程

前提：

kubernetes集群安装完毕

安装：

1.到github获取配置文件

github下面给出方法说使用下面的直接执行就可以了，但是最近不知道为何找不到地址。

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.4.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
1

上面很明显给出了地址aio/deploy/recommended.yaml 所以我们可以找到配置文件：https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/tree/master/aio/deploy

2.把文件下载到本地，重命名为：recommended-2.4.0.yaml

文件内容如下：

# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
​
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
​
---
​
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
​
---
​
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
​
---
​
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
​
---
​
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
data:
  csrf: ""
​
---
​
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
​
---
​
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
​
---
​
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]
​
---
​
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
​
---
​
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
​
---
​
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
​
---
​
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.4.0
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
            - --auto-generate-certificates
            - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
            # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
            # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
            # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
            # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
              # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
​
---
​
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
​
---
​
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
    spec:
      securityContext:
        seccompProfile:
          type: RuntimeDefault
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.7
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /tmp
            name: tmp-volume
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}

3.部署：

[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl apply -f recommended-2.4.0.yaml 
namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created
serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/kubernetes-dashboard created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created
configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created

4.暴露svc端口

找到dashboard的SVC，发现是ClusterIP类型的，因为我想在宿主机访问，所以要暴露端口

[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.100.22.138           8000/TCP   7s
kubernetes-dashboard        ClusterIP   10.107.237.41           443/TCP    7s

暴露端口： 修改svc为NodePort类型：

[root@k8s-master hl]#  kubectl patch svc kubernetes-dashboard -p '{"spec":{"type":"NodePort"}}' -n kubernetes-dashboard
service/kubernetes-dashboard patched

找到暴露端口为：32375（注意是https）

[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.100.22.138           8000/TCP        65s
kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.107.237.41           443:32375/TCP   65s

这样在我们宿主机浏览器就能访问： https://192.168.217.185:32375/ 显示不安全，在当前页面用键盘输入 thisisunsafe ，不是在地址栏输入，就直接敲键盘就行了，之后为登录页面。

登录之后需要人认证，认证有两种方式Kubeconfig模式和Token模式： 我使用的token模式：

5.创建token

我是基于最高权限admin创建的，配置文件admin-role.yaml内容如下：

kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: admin
  annotations:
    rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile

创建secret：

[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl create -f admin-role.yaml
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/admin created
serviceaccount/admin created

找到secret：

[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl -n kube-system get secret|grep admin-token
admin-token-wh27j                                kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      19s

获取token：

[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl -n kube-system get secret|grep admin-token
admin-token-wh27j                                kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      19s
[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl -n kube-system describe secret admin-token-wh27j
Name:         admin-token-wh27j
Namespace:    kube-system
Labels:       
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 9094d849-7098-4e24-9612-e490184e6bfc

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IkF2YUJiYmNNTWNvMFFzSk9fQlVPd3pwR0l1aXdMWDZMR2Q2aHF5SG5TTG8ifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi10b2tlbi13aDI3aiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6IjkwOTRkODQ5LTcwOTgtNGUyNC05NjEyLWU0OTAxODRlNmJmYyIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDprdWJlLXN5c3RlbTphZG1pbiJ9.thmFGeLLLn3XnqyvR9_wORi1MVKEUN-j223zAZj_c7FC7G1U6PbTxhWukMtbgumL8AHpNT11Jidz0PpoWOpycM2xzShEm0YiHlbIW-ZXkqIGbgxuZfU-2ZefHgmXT42LOuvPNEmX6MGjmZlpJKTE4oKf46lq1mf__fsNxAIWFBHE58f041DLX-lnLcZgmcxMvnZiOb1TJE6ruS7MUNA8YKdW2rWJYHniFX1WCam4Z-drZXDhPywlrYMtUxQsFTljIMsvL9TZbOUS3nLshr7Q_aeBMN_J_P_74n4l9KL8c0TilYp11JYPtIUXNkccUGB6n-ZbAD7bF1tgZFwD7nhwbQ
ca.crt:     1066 bytes
namespace:  11 bytes

或者直接获取token

[root@master token]# kubectl -n kube-system get secret admin-token-ftkl9 -o jsonpath={.data.token}|base64 -d
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IkFPY0FvODhsbVU5SUxDQmN4RUF3eUdfbWE2LW1Fc09EY3BMekEzUDg2N2sifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi10b2tlbi1mdGtsOSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6IjlhMjQ3YjFkLWY5ZDktNGQ0NS04MTNlLTJhNjQ0OGM3YTI3OSIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDprdWJlLXN5c3RlbTphZG1pbiJ9.eI2iqcL_LMLXDTbKhPzn2fiiNIaRavzB8-fOrU_xFOFpmUbrUw98HXogMBdmVIWbJ3z83KUvVC_-oANHALUC-QpCqjOBGFmQSYIRPAJ_Fwq9qK80Yqc3SkXjbXAchlgBeIF-pUrr8eoemvNTPyJgxj8uA4ewHI2StcWIFpvLmxNzFB7xVc1_ta9nQ7BfIVzjYB9m8qVqO4gB8SNKXHVUa8bHykDy6Y4WygZ8fdbaoC8-9Yb04ukAuHlj4Hif7gB2CLLVQ97AbL6ygMMUUja-0zM-PgyUUaV4PEh_Kd1p_ophzbCHL-8QivB6edwSiMgbFgH60LnqMf5IJYuQK3gYUw
12

将token填写到登录界面的token中： 然后我们就能访问了：