计算机专业英语作业2第4－6章作业

计算机专业英语第4－6章作业

一、Vocabulary( 词汇)

(一). Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese(写出下列词组的汉语。)

1．System software 系统软件
2. Application software 应用软件
3．operating system 操作系统
4．Word processor 文字处理软件
5． Object-oriented language 面向对象语言
6．Trade-off 权衡
7．Black box 内部结构
8．White box 数据输入范围定义
9．Web page 万维网页
10．Web browser 网页浏览器
11. e-mail 邮件
12. Digital Film 数字化电影

(二). Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations.(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。)

1．超文本标记语言 HTML
2．简单邮件传输协议 SMTP
3．邮局协议 POP

(三). Translate the following Chinese into English.(根据汉语写出相应的英语。)

1．病毒 virus
2．汇编程序 assembler
3．调试器 debugger
4．手稿 script
5．无意义的 meaningless
6．几乎不 scarcely
7．预先确定 predefine
8．区别 distinguish
9．论坛 forum
10．进化 evolve
11．应用软件 application software
12．交换机 switch
13．木偶 puppet

二、Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column.(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。)

三、Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, and change the form where necessary. （从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。）

四、Translation.（翻译。）

（一). Translate the following sentences into Chinese.（将下列句子翻译成汉语。）

1． During the last few years, it has been realized that maintenance of programs is more expensive than development, so reading of programs by humans is as important as writing them.

在过去的几年中，已经认识到，程序的维护比开发更昂贵，因此人类对程序的阅读与写作一样重要。

2．Programming languages are designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers.

编程语言是为了促进人和电脑之间的交流。

3．Fortunately most programming languages have many kinds of constructs in common and vary only in the way that these must be written.

幸运的是，大多数编程语言都有许多共同的构造，并且只在必须编写这些结构的方式上有所不同。

4．For developing a software product, the development process is divided into 5 stages: Requirements Analysis & Specification, Design, Coding, Testing, and Maintenance.

对于软件产品的开发，开发过程分为五个阶段：需求分析和规范、设计、编码、测试和维护。

5． Functional testing tests whether the output is the expected result with the valid input.

功能测试测试输出是否是有效输入的预期结果

（二). Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.（将下列各段翻译成汉语。）

1．A high-level language is an artificial language with which we can write various instructions. This is possible not because computer processors are now so technologically advanced that they can ‘understand’ these languages. You should translate from programming languages into machine language which can be understood by the computer processors. Compilers can accomplish this task. This does mean that a high-level language program is not directly executable: it must be compiled to produce processor program, which is executable.

高级语言是一种人工语言，我们可以用它编写各种指令。这是可能的不是因为计算机处理器现在技术非常先进，他们可以理解这些语言。你应该把编程语言翻译成计算机处理器可以理解的机器语言。编译器可以完成此任务。这确实意味着高级语言程序不能直接执行：必须编译才能产生可执行的处理器程序。

2．Over the last few decades there has been a tremendous growth in information technology and its impact on everyday life. Complex software systems have become critical to the operation of many systems in areas such as banking, communications, manufacturing, power generation, and transportation. Progress in computer science and accumulated experience with industrial production of software have led to the emergence of software engineering as a separate discipline. The software engineering discipline has been defined as “the application of systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approaches to the development, operation, and maintenance of software.” that is, the application of engineering to software.

在过去几十年中，信息技术对日常生活的影响有了巨大的增长。复杂的软件系统已成为许多系统运行的关键。例如在银行、通讯、制造业、发电和交通等。计算机科学的进步和在软件工业生产方面积累的经验导致了技术的发展。软件工程作为一门独立学科的出现。软件工程学科被定义为“系统的、有纪律的、可量化的方法的应用”。软件的开发、操作和维护，即工程在软件中的应用。

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