redux-saga

redux流程图.png

redux提供状态管理,但不能很好地处理异步操作。这时候需引入中间件
中间件一般是在 View层发送 Action 的时候,加上一些异步操作,将action再次加工过以后返回新的action给reducer


中间件.png

image.png

saga是redux中间件的一种,它将所有的异步操作逻辑集中到一起处理.可以看作是一个后台进程,监听每次被发起的action,然后调用相应的方法,即基于这个action来做什么 (比如:是发起一个异步请求,还是发起其他的action到store,还是调用其他的sagas 等 )有以下特点:

  1. 异步数据获取的相关业务逻辑放在了单独的 saga.js 中,不再是掺杂在 action.js 或 component.js 中。
  2. dispatch 的参数是标准的 action,没有魔法。
  3. saga 代码采用类似同步的方式书写,代码变得更易读。
  4. 代码异常/请求失败 都可以直接通过 try/catch 语法直接捕获处理。

案例:
store.js

import {createStore,applyMiddleware,compose} from 'redux'
import reducer from './reducer'
// import thunk from 'redux-thunk'
import createSagaMiddleware from 'redux-saga'  // 引入redux-saga中的createSagaMiddleware函数
import mySagas from './sagas'

// 绑定中间件dev-tools
const composeEnhancers = window.__REDUX_DEVTOOLS_EXTENSION_COMPOSE__ ?
window.__REDUX_DEVTOOLS_EXTENSION_COMPOSE__({}):compose
// const enhancer = composeEnhancers(applyMiddleware(thunk))

const sagaMiddleware = createSagaMiddleware()
// 中间件,加载sagaMiddleware
const enhancer = composeEnhancers(applyMiddleware(sagaMiddleware))

const store = createStore(reducer,enhancer)
sagaMiddleware.run(mySagas)  //执行saga里面的函数
export default store

sagas.js

import {takeEvery,put} from 'redux-saga/effects'
import {GET_MY_LIST} from './actionTypes'
import {getListAction} from './actionCreators'
import axios from 'axios'



//generator
function* mySagas(){      
  yield takeEvery(GET_MY_LIST,getList)  //监听捕获action,第一个参数是action type 第二个参数是调用函数
}  

function* getList(){
  // axios.get('https://www.fastmock.site/mock/dffe9e557e549a34442255ab7356f863/test/api')
  //       .then((res)=>{
  //           // const data = res.data.list
  //           const action=getListAction(res.data.list)
  //           store.dispatch(action)
  //       })
  //       .catch((error)=>{console.log('axios获取数据失败'+error)})
 
            console.log('xxxxxxxxx')
            const res = yield axios.get('https://www.fastmock.site/mock/dffe9e557e549a34442255ab7356f863/test/api')
            const action=getListAction(res.data.list)
            yield put(action)   // 这里将加工后的新的action给reducer   
}
export default mySagas

./actionTypes

export const  CHANGE_INPUT = 'changeInput'
export const  ADD_ITEM = 'addItem'
export const  DELETE_ITEM = 'deleteItem'
export const  GET_LIST = 'getList'
export const  GET_MY_LIST = 'getMyList'

./actionCreators

import {GET_MY_LIST,CHANGE_INPUT,ADD_ITEM,DELETE_ITEM,GET_LIST} from './actionTypes'

export const changeInputAction=(value)=>({type:CHANGE_INPUT,value})
export const clickBtnAction=()=>({type:ADD_ITEM})
export const deleteItemAction=(index)=>({type:DELETE_ITEM,index})
export const getListAction=(data)=>({type:GET_LIST,data})
export const getMylistAction=()=>({
  type:GET_MY_LIST
})

TodoList.js

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import TodoListUI from './TodoListUI'
import store from './store'

import {getMylistAction,changeInputAction,clickBtnAction,deleteItemAction} from './store/actionCreators'
// import axios from 'axios'

class TodoList extends Component {
    constructor(props) {
        super(props);
        this.state = store.getState()
        this.changeInputValue=this.changeInputValue.bind(this)
        this.storeChange=this.storeChange.bind(this)
        this.clickBtn=this.clickBtn.bind(this)
        this.deleteItem=this.deleteItem.bind(this)
        store.subscribe(this.storeChange)
    }
    render() { 
        return ( 
           ); }

    componentDidMount(){
       const action = getMylistAction()
       store.dispatch(action)
    }

    changeInputValue(e){
        const action=changeInputAction(e.target.value)
        
        store.dispatch(action)
    }
    clickBtn(){
        const action=clickBtnAction()
        store.dispatch(action)
    }
    deleteItem(index){
        const action=deleteItemAction(index)
        store.dispatch(action)
    }
    storeChange(){
        this.setState(store.getState())
    }
}
 
export default TodoList;

从react components组件加载完成,触发getMylistAction() 它的类型标志是type:GET_MY_LIST,在saga里监听到GET_MY_LIST被触发,则调用saga里的getList() ,这个方法里去调用接口,定义一个新action,前面调用接口的返回值传参给reducer去更新state

...略
if (action.type === GET_LIST){
        let newState = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(state))
        newState.list=action.data
        return newState
    }
image.png

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