一、等待事件
在诊断和优化Oracle，查看等待事件时，经常需要用到的查询SQL:
1. wait.sql
查看当前所有的等待事件:
set linesize 180;
set pagesize 200;
select * from (select event,count(*) from v$session_wait group by event) order by 2 ;
EVENT COUNT(*)
---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
db file scattered read 1
Streams AQ: qmn coordinator idle wait 1
Streams AQ: waiting for time management or cleanup tasks 1
VKTM Logical Idle Wait 1
SQL*Net message to client 1
Streams AQ: qmn slave idle wait 1
pmon timer 1
smon timer 1
db file sequential read 2
DIAG idle wait 2
Space Manager: slave idle wait 4
rdbms ipc message 17
enq: TX - row lock contention 20
SQL*Net message from client 828
2. waitdetail.sql
根据等待事件，查看具体的sql_id，username等信息
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
col machine format a15;
col PROGRAM format a33;
col username format a10;
select a.sid,
a.serial#,
a.username,
a.machine,
a.program,
a.sql_id,
a.blocking_session,
b.spid
from v$session a, v$process b
where a.paddr = b.addr
and a.event like '%&wait_name%'
3. detail.sql
查看指定sid的详细会话信息
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
col machine format a15;
col PROGRAM format a33;
col username format a10;
col spid format a10;
col event format a30;
select a.sid,
a.serial#,
a.username,
a.machine,
a.program,
b.spid,
a.sql_id,
a.event
from v$session a, v$process b
where a.paddr = b.addr
and a.sid = &sid;
4. sqlbypid.sql
查看指定spid进程的具体文本内容
-- view sql text by OS Process ID
set linesize 2000
select a.sid,a.serial#,a.username,c.sql_text
from v$session a, v$process b, v$sqlarea c
where a.paddr=b.addr
and a.sql_id = c.sql_id
and b.spid='&spid';
5. sqlbysid.sql
查看指定sid会话的具体文本内容
set linesize 2000;
select /*+ ordered */
sql_text
from v$sqltext a
where (a.hash_value, a.address) in
(select decode(sql_hash_value, 0, prev_hash_value, sql_hash_value),
decode(sql_hash_value, 0, prev_sql_addr, sql_address)
from v$session b
where b.sid = &sid)
order by piece asc;
6. sqlbyid.sql
查看指定sql_id的具体文本内容
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
SELECT SQL_TEXT FROM V$SQLTEXT WHERE SQL_ID = '&sqlid' order by piece;
7. kill_session.sql
杀掉指定SQL_ID的会话
-- kill the special userame SQL statement;
set linesize 2000
set pagesize 200;
select 'alter system kill session '''||sid||','||serial#||''';' from v$session where status='ACTIVE' and username='&USERNAME' and sql_id='&sqlid';
8. kill_process.sql
找出指定SQL的进程
-- kill the special userame SQL PROCESS;
set linesize 2000
set pagesize 200;
select 'kill -9 '||spid from v$process p,v$session s where p.addr=s.paddr and s.username='&USERNAME' and s.sql_id='&SQL_ID' ;
生成批量杀process进程
--event事件进程
select 'ps -ef |grep '||to_char(spid)||'|grep -v grep'||'|grep LOCAL=NO|awk ''{print $2}''|xargs kill -9;' kill_sh
from v$process p,v$session s
where s.paddr=p.addr
and type='USER'
and s.event='enq: TX - row lock contention';
--用户相关进程
select 'ps -ef |grep '||to_char(spid)||'|grep -v grep'||'|grep LOCAL=NO|awk ''{print $2}''|xargs kill -9;' kill_sh
from v$process p,v$session s
where s.paddr=p.addr
and type='USER'
and s.username=upper('&username');
9. block.sql
查看是否有锁阻塞[10G版本无法查询]
col wait_event_text format a30；
select b.sid,
sess_serial#,
wait_event_text,
s.sql_id,
blocker_instance_id block_inst,
blocker_sid block_sid,
blocker_sess_serial# block_serial#
from v$session_blockers b, v$session s
where b.sid = s.sid;
10. lock.sql
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
col username format a10;
col objname format a30;
select a.oracle_username username,c.object_name objname,a.session_id,b.serial#,b.status,
DECODE (a.locked_mode,
0, 'none',
1, 'null',
2, 'row-s(SS)',
3, 'row-x(SX)',
4, 'share(S)',
5, 'S/ROW(SSX)',
6, 'exclusive(X)'
) as lock_mode,
b.logon_time
from v$locked_object a,v$session b,dba_objects c
where a.session_id = b.sid
and a.object_id=c.object_id
order by b.logon_time;
# 或者
select a.oracle_username username,
c.object_name objname,
a.session_id,
b.serial#,
b.status,
a.locked_mode,
b.logon_time
from v$locked_object a, v$session b, dba_objects c
where a.session_id = b.sid
and a.object_id = c.object_id
order by b.logon_time;
10. high_cpu.sql
查看最消耗CPU资源的会话
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
SELECT s.sid,
s.serial#,
s.username,
p.spid as "OS PID",
s.module,
st.value / 100 as "CPU sec"
FROM v$sesstat st, v$statname sn, v$session s, v$process p
WHERE sn.name = 'CPU used by this session' -- CPU
AND st.statistic# = sn.statistic#
AND st.sid = s.sid
AND s.paddr = p.addr
AND s.last_call_et < 1800 -- active within last 1/2 hour
AND s.logon_time > (SYSDATE - 40 / 1440) -- sessions logged on within 4 hours
ORDER BY st.value desc;
查看长事务:
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
select sid,
sql_id,
to_char(start_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),
elapsed_seconds,
time_remaining,
to_char(last_update_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'),
sofar,
totalwork,
sofar / totalwork * 100 percent
from v$session_longops
where start_time > trunc(sysdate)
and sofar <> totalwork
order by to_char(start_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') asc;
查看指定sid的trace文件
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
SELECT d.VALUE
|| '/'
|| LOWER (RTRIM (i.value, CHR (0)))
|| '_ora_'
|| p.spid
|| '.trc' trace_file_name
FROM (SELECT p.spid
FROM v$session s, v$process p
WHERE p.addr = s.paddr and s.sid=&SID) p,
(select value from v$parameter where name like '%instance_name%') i,
(SELECT VALUE
FROM v$parameter
WHERE NAME = 'user_dump_dest') d;
二、ASH(v$active_session_history)
转载: https://blog.csdn.net/u012457058/article/details/41015685
查询过去30分钟数据库引起最多等待的sql语句
select ash.USER_ID,
u.username,
sum(ash.WAIT_TIME) Total_wait_time,
s.SQL_TEXT
from v$active_session_history ash, v$sqlarea s, dba_users u
where ash.SAMPLE_TIME between sysdate - 5 / 1440 and sysdate
and ash.SQL_ID = s.SQL_ID
and ash.USER_ID = u.user_id
group by ash.USER_ID, s.SQL_TEXT, u.username
order by Total_wait_time desc;
查询数据库等待时间和实际执行时间的相对百分比
select *
from v$sysmetric a
where a.METRIC_NAME in
('Database CPU Time Ratio', 'Database Wait Time Ratio')
and a.INTSIZE_CSEC = (select max(intsize_csec) from v$sysmetric);
BEGIN_TIM END_TIME INTSIZE_CSEC GROUP_ID METRIC_ID METRIC_NAME VALUE METRIC_UNIT
--------- --------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- -------------------------
29-JUL-19 29-JUL-19 5934 2 2107 Database Wait Time Ratio 2.68703104 % Wait/DB_Time
29-JUL-19 29-JUL-19 5934 2 2108 Database CPU Time Ratio 97.312969 % Cpu/DB_Time
查询数据库过去30分钟最重要的等待事件
select ash.EVENT, sum(ash.WAIT_TIME + ash.TIME_WAITED) total_wait_time
from v$active_session_history ash
where ash.SAMPLE_TIME between sysdate - 30 /1440 and sysdate
group by event
order by total_wait_time desc;
EVENT TOTAL_WAIT_TIME
-------------------------------------------------- ---------------
396207630
enq: TX - row lock contention 46809568
log file sync 6769778
db file sequential read 6377617
log file parallel write 2527106
db file scattered read 1124571
SQL*Net more data to client 1024698
direct path read 891071
db file async I/O submit 372107
read by other session 342093
cursor: pin S wait on X 229911
enq: KO - fast object checkpoint 188481
db file parallel read 102070
direct path write 75884
control file parallel write 57762
os thread startup 37215
SQL*Net message to client 33843
recovery area: computing obsolete files 11290
library cache load lock 4922
latch: cache buffers chains 3518
reliable message 1421
SQL*Net more data from client 306
在过去30分钟哪些用户经历了等待
select s.SID,
s.USERNAME,
sum(ash.WAIT_TIME + ash.TIME_WAITED) total_wait_time
from v$active_session_history ash, v$session s
where ash.SAMPLE_TIME between sysdate - 30/1440 and sysdate
and ash.SESSION_ID = s.SID
group by s.SID, s.USERNAME
order by total_wait_time desc;
查询等待时间最长的对象
select a.CURRENT_OBJ#,
d.object_name,
d.object_type,
a.EVENT,
sum(a.WAIT_TIME + a.TIME_WAITED) total_wait_time
from v$active_session_history a, dba_objects d
where a.SAMPLE_TIME between sysdate - 30/1440 and sysdate
and a.CURRENT_OBJ# = d.object_id
group by a.CURRENT_OBJ#, d.object_name, d.object_type, a.EVENT
order by total_wait_time desc;
查询过去30分钟等待时间最长的sql语句
select a.USER_ID,
u.username,
s.SQL_TEXT,
sum(a.WAIT_TIME + a.TIME_WAITED) total_wait_time
from v$active_session_history a, v$sqlarea s, dba_users u
where a.SAMPLE_TIME between sysdate - 30/1440 and sysdate
and a.SQL_ID = s.SQL_ID
and a.USER_ID = u.user_id
group by a.USER_ID, s.SQL_TEXT, u.username
order by total_wait_time desc;
查看哪些会话正在等待IO资源
SELECT username, program, machine, sql_id
FROM V$SESSION
WHERE EVENT LIKE 'db file%read';
查看正在等待IO资源的对象
select d.object_name, d.object_type, d.owner
from v$session s, dba_objects d
where event like 'db file%read'
and s.row_wait_obj# = d.object_id;
三、常用数据库对象SQL
查看ddl语句
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
set long 9999;
SELECT dbms_metadata.get_ddl(upper('&obj_type'),upper('&obj_name'),upper('&schema')) from dual;
查看对象信息
col object_name format a40
select owner,object_name,OBJECT_TYPE,status,LAST_DDL_TIME from dba_objects where object_name like upper('%&objname%');
查看绑定变量值
col VALUE_STRING format a35;
col name format a20;
select t.HASH_VALUE,
t.SQL_ID,
t.NAME,
t.LAST_CAPTURED,
t.WAS_CAPTURED,
t.VALUE_STRING
from v$sql_bind_capture t
where sql_id ='&sql_id' and VALUE_STRING is not null
查看SQL的执行计划
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('&sql_id',null,'advanced'));
查看对象的依赖
--view dependent object
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
col owner format a10
col referenced_owner format a10
col REFERENCED_NAME format a30
col REFERENCED_LINK_NAME format a10
col REFERENCED_TYPE format a10
select t.* from dba_dependencies t,dba_objects m where t.name=m.object_name
and t.referenced_name = upper('&objname')
and m.object_type in ('PROCEDURE','VIEW','FUNCTION','PACKAGE','SYNONYNM')
and m.status='VALID'
order by T.OWNER,T.type;
查看表的索引信息
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
col owner format a12;
col tabname format a20;
col indname format a30;
col colname format a20;
Select a.table_owner owner,
a.table_name tabname,
a.index_name indname,
a.status status,
b.column_name colname,
b.COLUMN_POSITION col_posi
from dba_indexes a, dba_ind_columns b
where a.index_name = b.index_name
and a.table_name = upper('&tabname')
order by indname, col_posi;
# 查询索引表空间，用户，状态、分区等信息
select owner,
index_name,
index_type,
table_owner,
table_name,
table_type,
tablespace_name,
status,
PARTITIONED
from dba_indexes
where owner||'.'||index_name='&owner.index_name';
# 查询索引字段
col index_owner for a10;
col column_name for a20;
select index_owner,
index_name,
table_owner,
table_name,
column_name,
COLUMN_POSITION
from dba_ind_columns
where index_name = '&indexname';
查看分区表信息
select TABLE_OWNER,
TABLE_NAME,
PARTITION_NAME,
HIGH_VALUE,
NUM_ROWS,
LAST_ANALYZED
from dba_tab_partitions
where table_owner like upper('%&owner%')
and TABLE_NAME like upper('%&tab_name%')
order by 3;
查看同义词
col owner format a25;
col synonym_name format a25;
col table_owner format a25;
col table_name format a25;
col db_link format a25;
select owner, synonym_name, table_owner, table_name, db_link
from dba_synonyms
where synonym_name like upper('%&objname%');
查看dba_jobs
set linesize 2000;
set pagesize 200;
col SCHEMA_USER format a15
col what format a30
col next_date format a20
col interval format a30
select job,
SCHEMA_USER,
what,
to_char(LAST_DATE, 'yyyymmddhh24miss') last_date,
to_char(next_date, 'yyyymmddhh24miss') next_date,
interval,
broken
from dba_jobs
where what like '%&what%'
order by SCHEMA_USER;
查看过程(proc)的内容
select text from dba_source where owner like upper('%&owner%') and name like upper('%&name%') order by line;
查看表dml的信息
select table_owner, table_name, inserts, updates, deletes, timestamp
from dba_tab_modifications
where table_name like upper('%&tabname%')
order by timestamp desc;
四、其他
查询所有实例的会话信息 (按主机，数据库账号，程序汇总RAC的连接数)
select inst_id, username, machine, program, count(*)
from gv$session
group by inst_id, username, machine, program
having count(*) > 10
order by 4;
按小时查看归档日志个数
set linesize 300 pagesize 10000
col Date for a10
col Day for a10
col Total for 99999
col "h00" for a10
col "h01" for a10
col "h02" for a10
col "h03" for a10
col "h04" for a10
col "h05" for a10
col "h06" for a10
col "h07" for a10
col "h08" for a10
col "h09" for a10
col "h10" for a10
col "h11" for a10
col "h12" for a10
col "h13" for a10
col "h14" for a10
col "h15" for a10
col "h16" for a10
col "h17" for a10
col "h18" for a10
col "h19" for a10
col "h20" for a10
col "h21" for a10
col "h22" for a10
col "h23" for a10
SELECT trunc(first_time) "Date", to_char(first_time, 'Dy') "Day", count(1) as "Total",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'00',1,0)),1,3) as "h00",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'01',1,0)),1,3) as "h01",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'02',1,0)),1,3) as "h02",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'03',1,0)),1,3) as "h03",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'04',1,0)),1,3) as "h04",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'05',1,0)),1,3) as "h05",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'06',1,0)),1,3) as "h06",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'07',1,0)),1,3) as "h07",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'08',1,0)),1,3) as "h08",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'09',1,0)),1,3) as "h09",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'10',1,0)),1,3) as "h10",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'11',1,0)),1,3) as "h11",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'12',1,0)),1,3) as "h12",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'13',1,0)),1,3) as "h13",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'14',1,0)),1,3) as "h14",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'15',1,0)),1,3) as "h15",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'16',1,0)),1,3) as "h16",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'17',1,0)),1,3) as "h17",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'18',1,0)),1,3) as "h18",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'19',1,0)),1,3) as "h19",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'20',1,0)),1,3) as "h20",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'21',1,0)),1,3) as "h21",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'22',1,0)),1,3) as "h22",
substr(SUM(decode(to_char(first_time, 'hh24'),'23',1,0)),1,3) as "h23"
FROM V$log_history
group by trunc(first_time), to_char(first_time, 'Dy')
Order by 1;