ARM Ubuntu内核更新记录

1，系统版本说明：ARM 鲲鹏920

 cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=18.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=bionic
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS"

2， 将source.list中的deb-src打开

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
 deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

3， 安装编译所需文件和软件

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install -y make  dpkg dpkg-dev libncurses5-dev libssl-dev libpciaccess0  ncurses-dev  flex bison libelf-dev  libssl-dev dwarves zstd

sudo apt build-dep linux  #需要第一步

4， 下载内核源码

//查看系统可获得的内核源码
apt search linux-source
//下载系统源码文件（下载内核版本为4.15.0）
apt install linux-source-4.15.0=4.15.0-88.88
//解压源码
cd /usr/src/linux-source-4.15.0
tar -xjvf linux-source-4.15.0

或者： 

apt install linux-source

5， 编译内核源码

//解压源码

cd /usr/src/linux-source-4.15.0
tar -xjvf linux-source-4.15.0

拷贝/boot/config-xxx ，到当前内核源码中

make menuconfig    //直接保存、退出，生成配置文件.config
make -j64               //编译
make modules            //编译模块
make modules_install    //安装模块
make install            //安装内核
cd /boot/grub   
sudo update-grub2       //更新启动项
reboot

6，编译出错问题

root@Fish:/usr/src/linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-42# make
scripts/kconfig/conf  --syncconfig Kconfig
  HOSTCC  scripts/selinux/genheaders/genheaders
scripts/selinux/genheaders/genheaders.c:18:10: fatal error: classmap.h: No such file or directory
   18 | #include "classmap.h"
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[3]: *** [scripts/Makefile.host:107: scripts/selinux/genheaders/genheaders] Error 1
make[2]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:522: scripts/selinux/genheaders] Error 2
make[1]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:522: scripts/selinux] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:1131: scripts] Error 2
 

 原因就是因为使用了header的源码，这个源码时不完整的

七：编译deb包的升级方法

apt install make  dpkg dpkg-dev libncurses5-dev libssl-dev libpciaccess0

mkdir /usr/src/linux-source-4.15.0/
tar -xvf linux-source-4.15.0.tgz -C  /usr/src/linux-source-4.15.0/

cd /usr/src/linux-source-4.15.0/linux-source-4.15.0/
make menuconfig    //直接保存、退出，生成配置文件.config
make -j64               //编译
make modules            //编译模块
sudo make-kpkg  --initrd --append-to-version -20220228  --revision 001 kernel_image kernel_headers -j4

在当前目录的上一级目录会生成： 

inux-headers-4.15.18-20220228_001_arm64.deb  
linux-image-4.15.18-20220228_001_arm64.deb

 //内核升级安装

sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-4.15.18-20220228_001_arm64.deb 
sudo dpkg -i linux-image-4.15.18-20220228_001_arm64.deb 
cd /boot/grub   
sudo update-grub2       //更新启动项
//如果更新的内核比当前系统的内核版本高，直接重启后，自动会使用高版本的内核
sudo reboot //即可升级完毕

 //如果更新的内核比当前系统的内核版本低，就需要修改/etc/default/grub
cat /boot/grub/grub.cfg | grep menuentry 找到新版本的内核编号： 结果如下：  

    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.18-20220228' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.18-20220228-advanced-74577947-f486-4351-a2d3-fa0340afcda8' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.18-20220228 (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.18-20220228-recovery-74577947-f486-4351-a2d3-fa0340afcda8' {
    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.0-76-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.0-76-generic-advanced-74577947-f486-4351-a2d3-fa0340afcda8' {

如需要的是： 
    Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.18-20220228
    

# sudo vim /etc/default/grub
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
修改成：
GRUB_DEFAULT="Advanced options for Ubuntu>Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.18-20220228"
接着继续更新grub2：
cd /boot/grub   
sudo update-grub2       //更新启动项