openpyxl 单元格合并

需求：生成一个excel文件，但是表头有许多内容需要合并单元格，那个表头的内容又相当多。于是就自己写了一个方法，方便写入表头。

from openpyxl.workbook import Workbook
from openpyxl.writer.excel import ExcelWriter
from openpyxl.reader.excel import load_workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Alignment
from zipfile import ZipFile, ZIP_DEFLATED

def write_hear(ws, hear, start_row, end_row, i):
    """
    写入表头

    :param ws: worksheet
    :param hear: 表头
    :param start_row: 开始-行
    :param end_row: 结束-行
    :param i: 列
    :return: 无
    """
    alignment_center = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')

    for item in hear:
        if width := item.get('width'):
            ws.merge_cells(start_row=start_row, start_column=i, end_row=start_row, end_column=i + width - 1)
            ws.cell(row=start_row, column=i, value=item['label']).alignment = alignment_center
            write_hear(ws, item['children'], start_row+1, end_row, i)
            i = i + width
        else:
            ws.merge_cells(start_row=start_row, start_column=i, end_row=end_row, end_column=i)
            ws.cell(row=start_row, column=i, value=item['label']).alignment = alignment_center
            i = i + 1


def write_data(ws, start_row, records):
    """
    数据写入表格

    :param ws:
    :param start_row:
    :param records: 内容数据，二维数组[][]
    :return: 无
    """

    i = start_row + 1
    for record in records:
        for x in range(1, len(record) + 1):
            ws.cell(i, x, record[x-1])
        i += 1

def write_excel_new(hear, hear_row, records, sheet_name='Sheet1', save_excel_name='save.xlsx'):
    """
    生成xlsx文件

    :param hear: 表头内容
    :param hear_row: 表头占的行数
    :param records: 内容
    :param sheet_name: 标题
    :param save_excel_name: 文件名
    :return: 无
    """
    wb = Workbook()
    archive = ZipFile(save_excel_name, 'w', ZIP_DEFLATED)
    ew = ExcelWriter(workbook=wb, archive=archive)

    ws = wb.worksheets[0]
    ws.title = sheet_name
    ws.column_dimensions.width = 20

    write_hear(ws, hear, 1, hear_row, 1)
    # write_data(ws, hear_row, records)

    ew.save()
 
hear_ = [
    {'label': '所属班组'},
    {'label': '电压等级(kV)'},
    {'label': '线路名称'},
    {'label': '出线站'},
    {'label': '进线站'},
    {'label': '调度编号'},
    {'label': '色标'},
    {
        'label': '线路长度(km)', 'width': 5,
        'children': [
            {'label': '单回路'},
            {'label': '双回路'},
            {'label': '三回路'},
            {'label': '四回路及以上'},
            {'label': '总长度'}
        ]
    },
    {
        'label': '杆塔数量(基)', 'width': 7,
        'children': [
            {'label': '水泥杆'},
            {
                'label': '铁塔', 'width': 3,
                'children': [
                    {'label': '钢管杆'},
                    {'label': '角钢塔'},
                    {'label': '钢管组合塔'},
                ]

            },
            {'label': '直线'},
            {'label': '耐张'},
            {'label': '总数'},
        ]
    },
    {
        'label': '杆塔物理数量统计(基)', 'width': 4,
        'children': [
            {'label': '单回路'},
            {'label': '双回路'},
            {'label': '三回路'},
            {'label': '四回路及以上'}
        ]
    },
    {
        'label': '导地线型号', 'width': 3,
        'children': [
            {'label': '导线型号'},
            {
                'label': '地线型号', 'width': 2,
                'children': [
                    {'label': '左地线'},
                    {'label': '右地线'},
                ]
            }
        ]
     },
    {'label': '投产日期'},
    {'label': '备注'},
    {'label': '有无摄像头'}
]

if __name__ == '__main__':
    write_excel_new(hear_, 3, None)

hear_:是我定义的一个表头字典。
write_hear：把**hear_**字典生成表头，至于行宽什么的看着设置。
write_data：写入数据，在上面的代码里，我注释掉了，所以传Node。

要是还有什么需求，可以找官网第三方库openpyxl 的官网