二进制安装Kubernetes（k8s） v1.23.3
声明：微信公众号不支持富文本格式，代码缩进有问题
参考我其他平台文档：
https://www.oiox.cn/index.php/archives/90/
https://juejin.cn/post/7064807481435766815
本文用到的安装包资料文档，已上传在GitHub上。
https://github.com/cby-chen/Kubernetes
# 1.环境
1.1.k8s基础系统环境配置
1.2.配置IP
```shell
ssh [email protected] "nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.76/24; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.99; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up ens18"
ssh [email protected] "nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.77/24; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.99; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up ens18"
ssh [email protected] "nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.78/24; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.99; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up ens18"
ssh [email protected] "nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.79/24; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.99; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up ens18"
ssh [email protected] "nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.80/24; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.99; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up ens18"
ssh [email protected] "nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.86/24; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.99; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up ens18"
ssh [email protected] "nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.87/24; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.99; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.method manual; nmcli con mod ens18 ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"; nmcli con up ens18"
```1.3.设置主机名
```shell
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master01
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master02
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master03
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node01
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node02
hostnamectl set-hostname lb01
hostnamectl set-hostname lb02
```1.4.配置yum源
```shell
sudo sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' \
-e 's|^#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir|baseurl=http://192.168.1.123/centos|g' \
-i.bak \
/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*.repo
```1.5.安装一些必备工具
```shell
yum -y install wget jq psmisc vim net-tools telnet yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git network-scripts tar curl -y
```1.6.安装docker工具
```shell
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun
```1.7.关闭防火墙
```shell
systemctl disable --now firewalld
```1.8.关闭SELinux
```shell
setenforce 0
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
```1.9.关闭交换分区
```shell
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0
cat /etc/fstab
# /dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
```1.10.关闭NetworkManager 并启用 network
```shell
systemctl disable --now NetworkManager
systemctl start network && systemctl enable network
```1.11.进行时间同步
```shell
服务端
yum install chrony -y
vim /etc/chrony.conf
cat /etc/chrony.conf | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "^$"
pool ntp.aliyun.com iburst
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
makestep 1.0 3
rtcsync
allow 192.168.1.0/24
local stratum 10
keyfile /etc/chrony.keys
leapsectz right/UTC
logdir /var/log/chrony
systemctl restart chronyd
systemctl enable chronyd
客户端
yum install chrony -y
vim /etc/chrony.conf
cat /etc/chrony.conf | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "^$"
pool 10.0.0.21 iburst
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
makestep 1.0 3
rtcsync
keyfile /etc/chrony.keys
leapsectz right/UTC
logdir /var/log/chrony
systemctl restart chronyd ; systemctl enable chronyd
yum install chrony -y ; sed -i "s#2.centos.pool.ntp.org#10.0.0.21#g" /etc/chrony.conf ; systemctl restart chronyd ; systemctl enable chronyd
使用客户端进行验证
chronyc sources -v
```1.12.配置ulimit
```shell
ulimit -SHn 65535
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <1.13.配置免密登录
```shell
yum install -y sshpass
ssh-keygen -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -P ''
export IP="192.168.1.76 192.168.1.77 192.168.1.78 192.168.1.79 192.168.1.80 192.168.1.86 192.168.1.87"
export SSHPASS=123123
for HOST in $IP;do
sshpass -e ssh-copy-id -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $HOST
done
```1.14.添加启用源
```shell
为 RHEL-8或 CentOS-8配置源
yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-8.el8.elrepo.noarch.rpm
为 RHEL-7 SL-7 或 CentOS-7 安装 ELRepo
yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
查看可用安装包
yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list available
```1.15.升级内核至4.18版本以上
```shell
安装最新的内核
# 我这里选择的是稳定版kernel-ml 如需更新长期维护版本kernel-lt
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml
查看已安装那些内核
rpm -qa | grep kernel
kernel-core-4.18.0-358.el8.x86_64
kernel-tools-4.18.0-358.el8.x86_64
kernel-ml-core-5.16.7-1.el8.elrepo.x86_64
kernel-ml-5.16.7-1.el8.elrepo.x86_64
kernel-modules-4.18.0-358.el8.x86_64
kernel-4.18.0-358.el8.x86_64
kernel-tools-libs-4.18.0-358.el8.x86_64
kernel-ml-modules-5.16.7-1.el8.elrepo.x86_64
查看默认内核
grubby --default-kernel
/boot/vmlinuz-5.16.7-1.el8.elrepo.x86_64
若不是最新的使用命令设置
grubby --set-default /boot/vmlinuz-「您的内核版本」.x86_64
重启生效
reboot
整合命令为：
yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-8.el8.elrepo.noarch.rpm -y ; yum --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" list available -y ; yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml -y ; grubby --default-kernel ; reboot
```1.16.安装ipvsadm
```shell
yum install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp -y
cat >> /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf <1.17.修改内核参数
```shell
cat < /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
fs.may_detach_mounts = 1
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl =15
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 327680
net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.ip_conntrack_max = 65536
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.core.somaxconn = 16384
EOF
sysctl --system
``` 1.18.所有节点配置hosts本地解析
```shell
cat > /etc/hosts <# 2.k8s基本组件安装
2.1.所有k8s节点安装Containerd作为Runtime
```shell
yum install containerd -y
```2.1.1配置Containerd所需的模块
```shell
cat <2.1.2加载模块
```shell
systemctl restart systemd-modules-load.service
```2.1.3配置Containerd所需的内核
```shell
cat <2.1.4创建Containerd的配置文件
```shell
mkdir -p /etc/containerd
containerd config default | tee /etc/containerd/config.toml
修改Containerd的配置文件
vim /etc/containerd/config.toml
# 找到containerd.runtimes.runc.options，在其下加入SystemdCgroup = true
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
SystemdCgroup = true
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".cni]
# 将sandbox_image默认地址改为符合版本地址
sandbox_image = "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6"
```2.1.5启动并设置为开机启动
```shell
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now
```2.1.6配置crictl客户端连接的运行时位置
```shell
cat > /etc/crictl.yaml <2.2.k8s与etcd下载及安装（仅在master01操作）
2.2.1下载k8s安装包（你用哪个下哪个）
```shell
1.下载kubernetes1.23.+的二进制包
github二进制包下载地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.23.md
wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.23.3/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
2.下载etcdctl二进制包
github二进制包下载地址：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases
wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.5.2/etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
3.docker-ce二进制包下载地址
二进制包下载地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/
这里需要下载20.10.+版本
wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-20.10.9.tgz
4.containerd二进制包下载
github下载地址：https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases
containerd下载时下载带cni插件的二进制包。
wget https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases/download/v1.6.0-rc.2/cri-containerd-cni-1.6.0-rc.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
5.下载cfssl二进制包
github二进制包下载地址：https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases
wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64
wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64
wget https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64
6.cni插件下载
github下载地址：https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases
wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v1.0.1/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.0.1.tgz
7.crictl客户端二进制下载
github下载：https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases
wget https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases/download/v1.23.0/crictl-v1.23.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
解压k8s安装文件
tar -xf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz --strip-components=3 -C /usr/local/bin kubernetes/server/bin/kube{let,ctl,-apiserver,-controller-manager,-scheduler,-proxy}
解压etcd安装文件
tar -xf etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/local/bin etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/etcd{,ctl}
# 查看/usr/local/bin下内容
ls /usr/local/bin/
etcd etcdctl kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kubectl kubelet kube-proxy kube-scheduler
```2.2.2查看版本
```shell
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubelet --version
Kubernetes v1.23.3
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# etcdctl version
etcdctl version: 3.5.1
API version: 3.5
```2.2.3将组件发送至其他k8s节点
```shell
Master='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
Work='k8s-node01 k8s-node02'
for NODE in $Master; do echo $NODE; scp /usr/local/bin/kube{let,ctl,-apiserver,-controller-manager,-scheduler,-proxy} $NODE:/usr/local/bin/; scp /usr/local/bin/etcd* $NODE:/usr/local/bin/; done
for NODE in $Work; do scp /usr/local/bin/kube{let,-proxy} $NODE:/usr/local/bin/ ; done
```2.2.4克隆证书相关文件
```shell
git clone https://github.com/cby-chen/Kubernetes.git
```2.2.5所有k8s节点创建目录
```shell
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
```# 3.相关证书生成
```shell
master01节点下载证书生成工具
wget "https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64" -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl
wget "https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases/download/v1.6.1/cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64" -O /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
```3.1.生成etcd证书
特别说明除外，以下操作在所有master节点操作
3.1.1所有master节点创建证书存放目录
```shell
mkdir /etc/etcd/ssl -p
```3.1.2master01节点生成etcd证书
```shell
cd Kubernetes/pki/
# 生成etcd证书和etcd证书的key（如果你觉得以后可能会扩容，可以在ip那多写几个预留出来）
cfssl gencert -initca etcd-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca
cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem \
-ca-key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca-key.pem \
-config=ca-config.json \
-hostname=127.0.0.1,k8s-master01,k8s-master02,k8s-master03,192.168.1.76,192.168.1.77,192.168.1.78 \
-profile=kubernetes \
etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/etcd/ssl/etcd
```3.1.3将证书复制到其他节点
```shell
Master='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
for NODE in $Master; do
ssh $NODE "mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl"
for FILE in etcd-ca-key.pem etcd-ca.pem etcd-key.pem etcd.pem; do
scp /etc/etcd/ssl/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/etcd/ssl/${FILE}
done
done
```3.2.生成k8s相关证书
特别说明除外，以下操作在所有master节点操作
3.2.1所有k8s节点创建证书存放目录
```shell
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki
```3.2.2master01节点生成k8s证书
```shell
# 生成一个根证书
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca
# 10.96.0.1是service网段的第一个地址，需要计算，192.168.1.88为高可用vip地址
cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
-ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
-config=ca-config.json \
-hostname=10.96.0.1,192.168.1.88,127.0.0.1,kubernetes,kubernetes.default,kubernetes.default.svc,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local,x.oiox.cn,k.oiox.cn,l.oiox.cn,o.oiox.cn,192.168.1.76,192.168.1.77,192.168.1.78 \
-profile=kubernetes apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver
```3.2.3生成apiserver聚合证书
```shell
cfssl gencert -initca front-proxy-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca
# 有一个警告，可以忽略
cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes front-proxy-client-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client
```3.2.4生成controller-manage的证书
```shell
cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
-ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
-config=ca-config.json \
-profile=kubernetes \
manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager
# 设置一个集群项
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=https://192.168.1.88:8443 \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
# 设置一个环境项，一个上下文
kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=system:kube-controller-manager \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
# 设置一个用户项
kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager \
--client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager.pem \
--client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
# 设置默认环境
kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
-ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
-config=ca-config.json \
-profile=kubernetes \
scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=https://192.168.1.88:8443 \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler \
--client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler.pem \
--client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=system:kube-scheduler \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
cfssl gencert \
-ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
-ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
-config=ca-config.json \
-profile=kubernetes \
admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/admin
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.1.88:8443 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes-admin --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin.pem --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=kubernetes-admin --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
```3.2.5创建ServiceAccount Key ——secret
```shell
openssl genrsa -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key 2048
openssl rsa -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key -pubout -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub
```3.2.6将证书发送到其他master节点
```shell
for NODE in k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do
for FILE in $(ls /etc/kubernetes/pki | grep -v etcd); do
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/pki/${FILE};
done;
for FILE in admin.kubeconfig controller-manager.kubeconfig scheduler.kubeconfig; do
scp /etc/kubernetes/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/${FILE};
done;
done
```3.2.7查看证书
```shell
ls /etc/kubernetes/pki/
admin.csr apiserver-key.pem ca.pem front-proxy-ca.csr front-proxy-client-key.pem scheduler.csr
admin-key.pem apiserver.pem controller-manager.csr front-proxy-ca-key.pem front-proxy-client.pem scheduler-key.pem
admin.pem ca.csr controller-manager-key.pem front-proxy-ca.pem sa.key scheduler.pem
apiserver.csr ca-key.pem controller-manager.pem front-proxy-client.csr sa.pub
# 一共23个就对了
ls /etc/kubernetes/pki/ |wc -l
23
```# 4.k8s系统组件配置
4.1.etcd配置
4.1.1master01配置
```shell
cat > /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml << EOF
name: 'k8s-master01'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.76:2380'
listen-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.76:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379'
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.76:2380'
advertise-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.76:2379'
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: 'k8s-master01=https://192.168.1.76:2380,k8s-master02=https://192.168.1.77:2380,k8s-master03=https://192.168.1.78:2380'
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
peer-client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-package-levels:
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false
EOF
```4.1.2master02配置
```shell
cat > /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml << EOF
name: 'k8s-master02'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.77:2380'
listen-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.77:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379'
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.77:2380'
advertise-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.77:2379'
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: 'k8s-master01=https://192.168.1.76:2380,k8s-master02=https://192.168.1.77:2380,k8s-master03=https://192.168.1.78:2380'
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
peer-client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-package-levels:
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false
EOF
```4.1.3master03配置
```shell
cat > /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml << EOF
name: 'k8s-master03'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.78:2380'
listen-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.78:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379'
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.1.78:2380'
advertise-client-urls: 'https://192.168.1.78:2379'
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: 'k8s-master01=https://192.168.1.76:2380,k8s-master02=https://192.168.1.77:2380,k8s-master03=https://192.168.1.78:2380'
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
peer-client-cert-auth: true
trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-package-levels:
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false
EOF
```4.2.创建service（所有master节点操作）
4.2.1创建etcd.service并启动
```shell
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Service
Documentation=https://coreos.com/etcd/docs/latest/
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd --config-file=/etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=etcd3.service
EOF
```4.2.2创建etcd证书目录
```shell
mkdir /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
ln -s /etc/etcd/ssl/* /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now etcd
```4.2.3查看etcd状态
```shell
export ETCDCTL_API=3
etcdctl --endpoints="192.168.1.78:2379,192.168.1.77:2379,192.168.1.76:2379" --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem --cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem --key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem endpoint status --write-out=table
+-------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
| ENDPOINT | ID | VERSION | DB SIZE | IS LEADER | IS LEARNER | RAFT TERM | RAFT INDEX | RAFT APPLIED INDEX | ERRORS |
+-------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
| 192.168.1.78:2379 | 56875ab4a12c94e8 | 3.5.1 | 25 kB | false | false | 2 | 8 | 8 | |
| 192.168.1.77:2379 | 33df6a8fe708d3fd | 3.5.1 | 25 kB | true | false | 2 | 8 | 8 | |
| 192.168.1.76:2379 | 58fbe5ec9743048f | 3.5.1 | 20 kB | false | false | 2 | 8 | 8 | |
+-------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
```# 5.高可用配置
5.1在lb01和lb02两台服务器上操作
5.1.1安装keepalived和haproxy服务
```shell
yum -y install keepalived haproxy
```5.1.2修改haproxy配置文件（两台配置文件一样）
```shell
# cp /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg.bak
cat >/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg<<"EOF"
global
maxconn 2000
ulimit-n 16384
log 127.0.0.1 local0 err
stats timeout 30s
defaults
log global
mode http
option httplog
timeout connect 5000
timeout client 50000
timeout server 50000
timeout http-request 15s
timeout http-keep-alive 15s
frontend monitor-in
bind *:33305
mode http
option httplog
monitor-uri /monitor
frontend k8s-master
bind 0.0.0.0:8443
bind 127.0.0.1:8443
mode tcp
option tcplog
tcp-request inspect-delay 5s
default_backend k8s-master
backend k8s-master
mode tcp
option tcplog
option tcp-check
balance roundrobin
default-server inter 10s downinter 5s rise 2 fall 2 slowstart 60s maxconn 250 maxqueue 256 weight 100
server master01 192.168.1.76:6443 check
server master02 192.168.1.77:6443 check
server master03 192.168.1.78:6443 check
EOF
```5.1.3lb01配置keepalived master节点
```shell
#cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 5
weight -5
fall 2
rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens18
mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.86
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
nopreempt
advert_int 2
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.88
}
track_script {
chk_apiserver
} }
EOF
```5.1.4lb02配置keepalived backup节点
```shell
# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.bak
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
interval 5
weight -5
fall 2
rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface ens18
mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.87
virtual_router_id 51
priority 50
nopreempt
advert_int 2
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.88
}
track_script {
chk_apiserver
} }
EOF
EOF
```5.1.5健康检查脚本配置（两台lb主机）
```shell
cat > /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh << EOF
#!/bin/bash
err=0
for k in \$(seq 1 3)
do
check_code=\$(pgrep haproxy)
if [[ \$check_code == "" ]]; then
err=\$(expr \$err + 1)
sleep 1
continue
else
err=0
break
fi
done
if [[ \$err != "0" ]]; then
echo "systemctl stop keepalived"
/usr/bin/systemctl stop keepalived
exit 1
else
exit 0
fi
EOF
# 给脚本授权
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh
```5.1.6启动服务
```shell
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now haproxy
systemctl enable --now keepalived
```5.1.7测试高可用
```shell
# 能ping同
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# ping 192.168.1.88
# 能telnet访问
[root@k8s-node02 ~]# telnet 192.168.1.88 8443
# 关闭主节点，看vip是否漂移到备节点
```# 6.k8s组件配置（区别于第4点）
所有k8s节点创建以下目录
```shell
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/ /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes
```6.1.创建apiserver（所有master节点）
6.1.1master01节点配置
```shell
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver \
--v=2 \
--logtostderr=true \
--allow-privileged=true \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--insecure-port=0 \
--advertise-address=192.168.1.76 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.76:2379,https://192.168.1.77:2379,https://192.168.1.78:2379 \
--etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem \
--kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem \
--kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub \
--service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key \
--service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \
--kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota \
--authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem \
--proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem \
--proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem \
--requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator \
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
# --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65535
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
```6.1.2master02节点配置
```shell
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver \
--v=2 \
--logtostderr=true \
--allow-privileged=true \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--insecure-port=0 \
--advertise-address=192.168.1.77 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.76:2379,https://192.168.1.77:2379,https://192.168.1.78:2379 \
--etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem \
--kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem \
--kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub \
--service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key \
--service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \
--kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota \
--authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem \
--proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem \
--proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem \
--requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator \
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
# --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65535
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
```6.1.3master03节点配置
```shell
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver \
--v=2 \
--logtostderr=true \
--allow-privileged=true \
--bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--insecure-port=0 \
--advertise-address=192.168.1.78 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12 \
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.76:2379,https://192.168.1.77:2379,https://192.168.1.78:2379 \
--etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem \
--kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem \
--kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub \
--service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key \
--service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \
--kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota \
--authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem \
--proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem \
--proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem \
--requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator \
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
# --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65535
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
```6.1.4启动apiserver（所有master节点）
```shell
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kube-apiserver
# 注意查看状态是否启动正常
systemctl status kube-apiserver
```6.2.配置kube-controller-manager service
```shell
所有master节点配置，且配置相同
172.16.0.0/12为pod网段，按需求设置你自己的网段
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager \
--v=2 \
--logtostderr=true \
--address=127.0.0.1 \
--root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig \
--leader-elect=true \
--use-service-account-credentials=true \
--node-monitor-grace-period=40s \
--node-monitor-period=5s \
--pod-eviction-timeout=2m0s \
--controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \
--cluster-cidr=172.16.0.0/12 \
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem \
--node-cidr-mask-size=24
Restart=always
RestartSec=10s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
```6.2.1启动kube-controller-manager，并查看状态
```shell
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now kube-controller-manager
systemctl status kube-controller-manager
```6.3.配置kube-scheduler service
6.3.1所有master节点配置，且配置相同
```shell
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler \
--v=2 \
--logtostderr=true \
--address=127.0.0.1 \
--leader-elect=true \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
Restart=always
RestartSec=10s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
```6.3.2启动并查看服务状态
```shell
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now kube-scheduler
systemctl status kube-scheduler
```# 7.TLS Bootstrapping配置
7.1在master01上配置
```shell
cd /root/Kubernetes/bootstrap
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.1.88:8443 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials tls-bootstrap-token-user --token=c8ad9c.2e4d610cf3e7426e --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=tls-bootstrap-token-user --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
# token的位置在bootstrap.secret.yaml，如果修改的话到这个文件修改
mkdir -p /root/.kube ; cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig /root/.kube/config
```7.2查看集群状态，没问题的话继续后续操作
```shell
Warning: v1 ComponentStatus is deprecated in v1.19+
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true","reason":""}
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true","reason":""}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true","reason":""}
kubectl create -f bootstrap.secret.yaml
```# 8.node节点配置
8.1.在master01上将证书复制到node节点
```shell
cd /etc/kubernetes/
for NODE in k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02; do
ssh $NODE mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki
for FILE in pki/ca.pem pki/ca-key.pem pki/front-proxy-ca.pem bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig; do
scp /etc/kubernetes/$FILE $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/${FILE}
done
done
```8.2.kubelet配置
8.2.1所有k8s节点创建相关目录
```shell
mkdir -p /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /etc/kubernetes/manifests/
所有k8s节点配置kubelet service
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet
Restart=always
StartLimitInterval=0
RestartSec=10
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
```8.2.2所有k8s节点配置kubelet service的配置文件
```shell
cat > /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubelet.conf << EOF
[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig"
Environment="KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS=--network-plugin=cni --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d --cni-bin-dir=/opt/cni/bin --container-runtime=remote --runtime-request-timeout=15m --container-runtime-endpoint=unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock --cgroup-driver=systemd"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml"
Environment="KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--node-labels=node.kubernetes.io/node='' "
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS \$KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS \$KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS \$KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS
EOF
```8.2.3所有k8s节点创建kubelet的配置文件
```shell
cat > /etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml <8.2.4启动kubelet
```shell
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart kubelet
systemctl enable --now kubelet
```8.2.5查看集群
```shell
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 NotReady 18m v1.23.3
k8s-master02 NotReady 18m v1.23.3
k8s-master03 NotReady 18m v1.23.3
k8s-node01 NotReady 18m v1.23.3
k8s-node02 NotReady 18m v1.23.3
``` 8.3.kube-proxy配置
8.3.1此配置只在master01操作
```shell
cd /root/Kubernetes/
kubectl -n kube-system create serviceaccount kube-proxy
kubectl create clusterrolebinding system:kube-proxy --clusterrole system:node-proxier --serviceaccount kube-system:kube-proxy
SECRET=$(kubectl -n kube-system get sa/kube-proxy \
--output=jsonpath='{.secrets[0].name}')
JWT_TOKEN=$(kubectl -n kube-system get secret/$SECRET \
--output=jsonpath='{.data.token}' | base64 -d)
PKI_DIR=/etc/kubernetes/pki
K8S_DIR=/etc/kubernetes
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.1.88:8443 --kubeconfig=${K8S_DIR}/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes --token=${JWT_TOKEN} --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=kubernetes --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context kubernetes --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
```8.3.2将kubeconfig发送至其他节点
```shell
for NODE in k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do
scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
done
for NODE in k8s-node01 k8s-node02; do
scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
done
```8.3.3所有k8s节点添加kube-proxy的配置和service文件
```shell
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube Proxy
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-proxy \
--config=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml \
--v=2
Restart=always
RestartSec=10s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
``````shell
cat > /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
clientConnection:
acceptContentTypes: ""
burst: 10
contentType: application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf
kubeconfig: /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
qps: 5
clusterCIDR: 172.16.0.0/12
configSyncPeriod: 15m0s
conntrack:
max: null
maxPerCore: 32768
min: 131072
tcpCloseWaitTimeout: 1h0m0s
tcpEstablishedTimeout: 24h0m0s
enableProfiling: false
healthzBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10256
hostnameOverride: ""
iptables:
masqueradeAll: false
masqueradeBit: 14
minSyncPeriod: 0s
syncPeriod: 30s
ipvs:
masqueradeAll: true
minSyncPeriod: 5s
scheduler: "rr"
syncPeriod: 30s
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
metricsBindAddress: 127.0.0.1:10249
mode: "ipvs"
nodePortAddresses: null
oomScoreAdj: -999
portRange: ""
udpIdleTimeout: 250ms
EOF
```8.3.4启动kube-proxy
```shell
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now kube-proxy
```# 9.安装Calico
9.1以下步骤只在master01操作
9.1.1更改calico网段
```shell
cd /root/Kubernetes/calico/
sed -i "s#POD_CIDR#172.16.0.0/12#g" calico.yaml
grep "IPV4POOL_CIDR" calico.yaml -A 1
- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR
value: "172.16.0.0/12"
# 创建
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
```9.1.2查看容器状态
```shell
kubectl get po -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
calico-kube-controllers-5dffd5886b-4blh6 1/1 Running 0 4m24s
calico-node-fvbdq 1/1 Running 1 (2m51s ago) 4m23s
calico-node-g8nqd 1/1 Running 0 4m23s
calico-node-mdps8 1/1 Running 0 4m24s
calico-node-nf4nt 1/1 Running 0 4m24s
calico-node-sq2ml 1/1 Running 0 4m24s
calico-typha-8445487f56-mg6p8 1/1 Running 0 4m24s
calico-typha-8445487f56-pxbpj 1/1 Running 0 4m24s
calico-typha-8445487f56-tnssl 1/1 Running 0 4m24s
```# 10.安装CoreDNS
10.1以下步骤只在master01操作
10.1.1修改文件
```shell
cd /root/Kubernetes/CoreDNS/
sed -i "s#KUBEDNS_SERVICE_IP#10.96.0.10#g" coredns.yaml
cat coredns.yaml | grep clusterIP:
clusterIP: 10.96.0.10
```10.1.2安装
```shell
kubectl create -f coredns.yaml
serviceaccount/coredns created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:coredns created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:coredns created
configmap/coredns created
deployment.apps/coredns created
service/kube-dns created
```# 11.安装Metrics Server
11.1以下步骤只在master01操作
11.1.1安装Metrics-server
在新版的Kubernetes中系统资源的采集均使用Metrics-server，可以通过Metrics采集节点和Pod的内存、磁盘、CPU和网络的使用率
```shell
安装metrics server
cd /root/Kubernetes/metrics-server/
kubectl create -f .
serviceaccount/metrics-server created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:aggregated-metrics-reader created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:metrics-server created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/metrics-server-auth-reader created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/metrics-server:system:auth-delegator created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:metrics-server created
service/metrics-server created
deployment.apps/metrics-server created
apiservice.apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1.metrics.k8s.io created
```11.1.2稍等片刻查看状态
```shell
kubectl top node
NAME CPU(cores) CPU% MEMORY(bytes) MEMORY%
k8s-master01 172m 2% 1307Mi 16%
k8s-master02 157m 1% 1189Mi 15%
k8s-master03 155m 1% 1105Mi 14%
k8s-node01 99m 1% 710Mi 9%
k8s-node02 79m 0% 585Mi 7%
```# 12.集群验证
12.1部署pod资源
```shell
cat<12.2用pod解析默认命名空间中的kubernetes
```shell
kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 443/TCP 17h
kubectl exec busybox -n default -- nslookup kubernetes
3Server: 10.96.0.10
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: kubernetes
Address 1: 10.96.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
``` 12.3测试跨命名空间是否可以解析
```shell
kubectl exec busybox -n default -- nslookup kube-dns.kube-system
Server: 10.96.0.10
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: kube-dns.kube-system
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
```12.4每个节点都必须要能访问Kubernetes的kubernetes svc 443和kube-dns的service 53
```shell
telnet 10.96.0.1 443
Trying 10.96.0.1...
Connected to 10.96.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
telnet 10.96.0.10 53
Trying 10.96.0.10...
Connected to 10.96.0.10.
Escape character is '^]'.
curl 10.96.0.10:53
curl: (52) Empty reply from server
```12.5Pod和Pod之前要能通
```shell
kubectl get po -owide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
busybox 1/1 Running 0 17m 172.27.14.193 k8s-node02
kubectl get po -n kube-system -owide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES
calico-kube-controllers-5dffd5886b-4blh6 1/1 Running 0 77m 172.25.244.193 k8s-master01
calico-node-fvbdq 1/1 Running 1 (75m ago) 77m 192.168.1.76 k8s-master01
calico-node-g8nqd 1/1 Running 0 77m 192.168.1.79 k8s-node01
calico-node-mdps8 1/1 Running 0 77m 192.168.1.80 k8s-node02
calico-node-nf4nt 1/1 Running 0 77m 192.168.1.78 k8s-master03
calico-node-sq2ml 1/1 Running 0 77m 192.168.1.77 k8s-master02
calico-typha-8445487f56-mg6p8 1/1 Running 0 77m 192.168.1.80 k8s-node02
calico-typha-8445487f56-pxbpj 1/1 Running 0 77m 192.168.1.76 k8s-master01
calico-typha-8445487f56-tnssl 1/1 Running 0 77m 192.168.1.79 k8s-node01
coredns-5db5696c7-67h79 1/1 Running 0 63m 172.25.92.65 k8s-master02
metrics-server-6bf7dcd649-5fhrw 1/1 Running 0 61m 172.18.195.1 k8s-master03
# 进入busybox ping其他节点上的pod
kubectl exec -ti busybox -- sh
/ # ping 192.168.1.79
PING 192.168.1.79 (192.168.1.79): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.1.79: seq=0 ttl=63 time=0.358 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.79: seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.668 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.79: seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.637 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.79: seq=3 ttl=63 time=0.624 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.79: seq=4 ttl=63 time=0.907 ms
# 可以连通证明这个pod是可以跨命名空间和跨主机通信的
``` 12.6创建三个副本，可以看到3个副本分布在不同的节点上（用完可以删了）
```shell
cat > deployments.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.14.2
ports:
- containerPort: 80
EOF
kubectl apply -f deployments.yaml
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created
kubectl get pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
busybox 1/1 Running 0 6m25s
nginx-deployment-9456bbbf9-4bmvk 1/1 Running 0 8s
nginx-deployment-9456bbbf9-9rcdk 1/1 Running 0 8s
nginx-deployment-9456bbbf9-dqv8s 1/1 Running 0 8s
# 删除nginx
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl delete -f deployments.yaml
```# 13.安装dashboard
```shell
cd /root/Kubernetes/dashboard/
kubectl create -f .
serviceaccount/admin-user created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/admin-user created
namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created
serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/kubernetes-dashboard created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created
configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
```13.1创建管理员用户
```shell
cat > admin.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: admin-user
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: admin-user
namespace: kube-system
EOF
```13.2执行yaml文件
```shell
kubectl apply -f admin.yaml -n kube-system
serviceaccount/admin-user created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/admin-user created
```13.3更改dashboard的svc为NodePort，如果已是请忽略
```shell
kubectl edit svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard
type: NodePort
```13.4查看端口号
```shell
kubectl get svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.98.201.22 443:31245/TCP 10m
``` 13.5查看token
```shell
kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
Name: admin-user-token-k545k
Namespace: kube-system
Labels:
Annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: c308071c-4cf5-4583-83a2-eaf7812512b4
Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
Data
====
token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InYzV2dzNnQzV3hHb2FQWnYzdnlOSmpudmtpVmNjQW5VM3daRi12SFM4dEEifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi11c2VyLXRva2VuLWs1NDVrIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQubmFtZSI6ImFkbWluLXVzZXIiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC51aWQiOiJjMzA4MDcxYy00Y2Y1LTQ1ODMtODNhMi1lYWY3ODEyNTEyYjQiLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZS1zeXN0ZW06YWRtaW4tdXNlciJ9.pshvZPi9ZJkXUWuWilcYs1wawTpzV-nMKesgF3d_l7qyTPaK2N5ofzIThd0SjzU7BFNb4_rOm1dw1Be5kLeHjY_YW5lDnM5TAxVPXmZQ0HJ2pAQ0pjQqCHFnPD0bZFIYkeyz8pZx0Hmwcd3ZdC1yztr0ADpTAmMgI9NC2ZFIeoFFo4Ue9ZM_ulhqJQjmgoAlI_qbyjuKCNsWeEQBwM6HHHAsH1gOQIdVxqQ83OQZUuynDQRpqlHHFIndbK2zVRYFA3GgUnTu2-VRQ-DXBFRjvZR5qArnC1f383jmIjGT6VO7l04QJteG_LFetRbXa-T4mcnbsd8XutSgO0INqwKpjw
ca.crt: 1363 bytes
namespace: 11 bytes
``` 13.6登录dashboard
https://192.168.1.76:31245/
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6InYzV2dzNnQzV3hHb2FQWnYzdnlOSmpudmtpVmNjQW5VM3daRi12SFM4dEEifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi11c2VyLXRva2VuLWs1NDVrIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQubmFtZSI6ImFkbWluLXVzZXIiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC51aWQiOiJjMzA4MDcxYy00Y2Y1LTQ1ODMtODNhMi1lYWY3ODEyNTEyYjQiLCJzdWIiOiJzeXN0ZW06c2VydmljZWFjY291bnQ6a3ViZS1zeXN0ZW06YWRtaW4tdXNlciJ9.pshvZPi9ZJkXUWuWilcYs1wawTpzV-nMKesgF3d_l7qyTPaK2N5ofzIThd0SjzU7BFNb4_rOm1dw1Be5kLeHjY_YW5lDnM5TAxVPXmZQ0HJ2pAQ0pjQqCHFnPD0bZFIYkeyz8pZx0Hmwcd3ZdC1yztr0ADpTAmMgI9NC2ZFIeoFFo4Ue9ZM_ulhqJQjmgoAlI_qbyjuKCNsWeEQBwM6HHHAsH1gOQIdVxqQ83OQZUuynDQRpqlHHFIndbK2zVRYFA3GgUnTu2-VRQ-DXBFRjvZR5qArnC1f383jmIjGT6VO7l04QJteG_LFetRbXa-T4mcnbsd8XutSgO0INqwKpjw# 14.安装命令行自动补全功能
```
yum install bash-completion -y
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
source <(kubectl completion bash)
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc
```# 附录：
预留空间，按需分配
```shell
vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml
rotateServerCertificates: true
allowedUnsafeSysctls:
- "net.core*"
- "net.ipv4.*"
kubeReserved:
cpu: "1"
memory: 1Gi
ephemeral-storage: 10Gi
systemReserved:
cpu: "1"
memory: 1Gi
ephemeral-storage: 10Gi
```
https://www.oiox.cn/
https://www.chenby.cn/
https://cby-chen.github.io/
https://weibo.com/u/5982474121
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33921750
https://my.oschina.net/u/3981543
https://www.zhihu.com/people/chen-bu-yun-2
https://segmentfault.com/u/hppyvyv6/articles
https://juejin.cn/user/3315782802482007
https://space.bilibili.com/352476552/article
https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/column/93230
https://www.jianshu.com/u/0f894314ae2c
https://www.toutiao.com/c/user/token/MS4wLjABAAAAeqOrhjsoRZSj7iBJbjLJyMwYT5D0mLOgCoo4pEmpr4A/
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