Ajax与Axios
Ajax
异步的js和xml，与服务器进行数据交换和异步交互。AJAX+HTML可替代JSP(jsp为得到数据后经过tomcat解析为html回显到网页上)。
快速入门
ajaxServlet
@WebServlet("/ajaxServlet")
public class AjaxServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.getWriter().write("hello ajax~");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req,resp);
}
}webapp中html目录创建一个ajaxDemo.html，加上以下脚本
访问：http://localhost:8080/FilterModule/html/ajaxDemo.html即可
Demo案例：注册判断用户名是否存在
webapp中html目录register.html
register
register
servlet
@WebServlet("/selectUserServlet")
public class SelectUserServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String name = req.getParameter("name");
boolean flag = true;//先不连数据库模拟一个状态，表示当前数据库中该用户名存在了
resp.getWriter().write(""+flag);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req,resp);
}
}Ajax的Jquery的写法
从jquery官网下载正式版的jquery如jquery3.7.0.js
将下载的该js文件放入webapp下的js目录下
webapp下jsp目录下创建ajax.jsp文件
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
ajax
访问到该jsp即可执行script发送ajax请求到controller或servlet
Axios
对原生ajax封装，官网：Axios 中文文档 | Axios 中文网 | Axios 是一个基于 promise 的网络请求库，可以用于浏览器和 node.js
快速入门
先创建axios-0.18.0.js文件，windows新建记事本， 引入以下内容：
/* axios v0.18.0 | (c) 2018 by Matt Zabriskie */
!function(e,t){"object"==typeof exports&&"object"==typeof module?module.exports=t():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define([],t):"object"==typeof exports?exports.axios=t():e.axios=t()}(this,function(){return function(e){function t(r){if(n[r])return n[r].exports;var o=n[r]={exports:{},id:r,loaded:!1};return e[r].call(o.exports,o,o.exports,t),o.loaded=!0,o.exports}var n={};return t.m=e,t.c=n,t.p="",t(0)}([function(e,t,n){e.exports=n(1)},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){var t=new s(e),n=i(s.prototype.request,t);return o.extend(n,s.prototype,t),o.extend(n,t),n}var o=n(2),i=n(3),s=n(5),u=n(6),a=r(u);a.Axios=s,a.create=function(e){return r(o.merge(u,e))},a.Cancel=n(23),a.CancelToken=n(24),a.isCancel=n(20),a.all=function(e){return Promise.all(e)},a.spread=n(25),e.exports=a,e.exports.default=a},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){return"[object Array]"===R.call(e)}function o(e){return"[object ArrayBuffer]"===R.call(e)}function i(e){return"undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData}function s(e){var t;return t="undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&ArrayBuffer.isView?ArrayBuffer.isView(e):e&&e.buffer&&e.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e}function a(e){return"number"==typeof e}function c(e){return"undefined"==typeof e}function f(e){return null!==e&&"object"==typeof e}function p(e){return"[object Date]"===R.call(e)}function d(e){return"[object File]"===R.call(e)}function l(e){return"[object Blob]"===R.call(e)}function h(e){return"[object Function]"===R.call(e)}function m(e){return f(e)&&h(e.pipe)}function y(e){return"undefined"!=typeof URLSearchParams&&e instanceof URLSearchParams}function w(e){return e.replace(/^\s*/,"").replace(/\s*$/,"")}function g(){return("undefined"==typeof navigator||"ReactNative"!==navigator.product)&&("undefined"!=typeof window&&"undefined"!=typeof document)}function v(e,t){if(null!==e&&"undefined"!=typeof e)if("object"!=typeof e&&(e=[e]),r(e))for(var n=0,o=e.length;n
* @license MIT
*/
e.exports=function(e){return null!=e&&(n(e)||r(e)||!!e._isBuffer)}},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){this.defaults=e,this.interceptors={request:new s,response:new s}}var o=n(6),i=n(2),s=n(17),u=n(18);r.prototype.request=function(e){"string"==typeof e&&(e=i.merge({url:arguments[0]},arguments[1])),e=i.merge(o,{method:"get"},this.defaults,e),e.method=e.method.toLowerCase();var t=[u,void 0],n=Promise.resolve(e);for(this.interceptors.request.forEach(function(e){t.unshift(e.fulfilled,e.rejected)}),this.interceptors.response.forEach(function(e){t.push(e.fulfilled,e.rejected)});t.length;)n=n.then(t.shift(),t.shift());return n},i.forEach(["delete","get","head","options"],function(e){r.prototype[e]=function(t,n){return this.request(i.merge(n||{},{method:e,url:t}))}}),i.forEach(["post","put","patch"],function(e){r.prototype[e]=function(t,n,r){return this.request(i.merge(r||{},{method:e,url:t,data:n}))}}),e.exports=r},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e,t){!i.isUndefined(e)&&i.isUndefined(e["Content-Type"])&&(e["Content-Type"]=t)}function o(){var e;return"undefined"!=typeof XMLHttpRequest?e=n(8):"undefined"!=typeof process&&(e=n(8)),e}var i=n(2),s=n(7),u={"Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"},a={adapter:o(),transformRequest:[function(e,t){return s(t,"Content-Type"),i.isFormData(e)||i.isArrayBuffer(e)||i.isBuffer(e)||i.isStream(e)||i.isFile(e)||i.isBlob(e)?e:i.isArrayBufferView(e)?e.buffer:i.isURLSearchParams(e)?(r(t,"application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8"),e.toString()):i.isObject(e)?(r(t,"application/json;charset=utf-8"),JSON.stringify(e)):e}],transformResponse:[function(e){if("string"==typeof e)try{e=JSON.parse(e)}catch(e){}return e}],timeout:0,xsrfCookieName:"XSRF-TOKEN",xsrfHeaderName:"X-XSRF-TOKEN",maxContentLength:-1,validateStatus:function(e){return e>=200&&e<300}};a.headers={common:{Accept:"application/json, text/plain, */*"}},i.forEach(["delete","get","head"],function(e){a.headers[e]={}}),i.forEach(["post","put","patch"],function(e){a.headers[e]=i.merge(u)}),e.exports=a},function(e,t,n){"use strict";var r=n(2);e.exports=function(e,t){r.forEach(e,function(n,r){r!==t&&r.toUpperCase()===t.toUpperCase()&&(e[t]=n,delete e[r])})}},function(e,t,n){"use strict";var r=n(2),o=n(9),i=n(12),s=n(13),u=n(14),a=n(10),c="undefined"!=typeof window&&window.btoa&&window.btoa.bind(window)||n(15);e.exports=function(e){return new Promise(function(t,f){var p=e.data,d=e.headers;r.isFormData(p)&&delete d["Content-Type"];var l=new XMLHttpRequest,h="onreadystatechange",m=!1;if("undefined"==typeof window||!window.XDomainRequest||"withCredentials"in l||u(e.url)||(l=new window.XDomainRequest,h="onload",m=!0,l.onprogress=function(){},l.ontimeout=function(){}),e.auth){var y=e.auth.username||"",w=e.auth.password||"";d.Authorization="Basic 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encodeURIComponent(e).replace(/%40/gi,"@").replace(/%3A/gi,":").replace(/%24/g,"$").replace(/%2C/gi,",").replace(/%20/g,"+").replace(/%5B/gi,"[").replace(/%5D/gi,"]")}var o=n(2);e.exports=function(e,t,n){if(!t)return e;var i;if(n)i=n(t);else if(o.isURLSearchParams(t))i=t.toString();else{var s=[];o.forEach(t,function(e,t){null!==e&&"undefined"!=typeof e&&(o.isArray(e)?t+="[]":e=[e],o.forEach(e,function(e){o.isDate(e)?e=e.toISOString():o.isObject(e)&&(e=JSON.stringify(e)),s.push(r(t)+"="+r(e))}))}),i=s.join("&")}return i&&(e+=(e.indexOf("?")===-1?"?":"&")+i),e}},function(e,t,n){"use strict";var r=n(2),o=["age","authorization","content-length","content-type","etag","expires","from","host","if-modified-since","if-unmodified-since","last-modified","location","max-forwards","proxy-authorization","referer","retry-after","user-agent"];e.exports=function(e){var t,n,i,s={};return 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s(t)||(r(e),t&&t.response&&(t.response.data=i(t.response.data,t.response.headers,e.transformResponse))),Promise.reject(t)})}},function(e,t,n){"use strict";var r=n(2);e.exports=function(e,t,n){return r.forEach(n,function(n){e=n(e,t)}),e}},function(e,t){"use strict";e.exports=function(e){return!(!e||!e.__CANCEL__)}},function(e,t){"use strict";e.exports=function(e){return/^([a-z][a-z\d\+\-\.]*:)?\/\//i.test(e)}},function(e,t){"use strict";e.exports=function(e,t){return t?e.replace(/\/+$/,"")+"/"+t.replace(/^\/+/,""):e}},function(e,t){"use strict";function n(e){this.message=e}n.prototype.toString=function(){return"Cancel"+(this.message?": "+this.message:"")},n.prototype.__CANCEL__=!0,e.exports=n},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){if("function"!=typeof e)throw new TypeError("executor must be a function.");var t;this.promise=new Promise(function(e){t=e});var n=this;e(function(e){n.reason||(n.reason=new o(e),t(n.reason))})}var o=n(23);r.prototype.throwIfRequested=function(){if(this.reason)throw this.reason},r.source=function(){var e,t=new r(function(t){e=t});return{token:t,cancel:e}},e.exports=r},function(e,t){"use strict";e.exports=function(e){return function(t){return e.apply(null,t)}}}])});
//# sourceMappingURL=axios.min.map 保存命名为 axios-0.18.0.js，将其文件复制到webapp下的js目录。
webapp下html的axiosDemo.html
axios
axiosServlet~
AxiosServlet
@WebServlet("/axiosServlet")
public class AxiosServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String name = req.getParameter("name");
System.out.println(name);
resp.getWriter().write("hello axios~");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req,resp);
}
}JSON
js对象表示法，js对象和js对象表示法(JSON)区别为JSON的key都要加""双引号。
//js对象
var user = {
name:"zhangsan",
age:23,
city:"北京"
}
//JSON
var userJson = {
"name":"zhangsan",
"age":23,
"city":"北京"
}Java对象和JSON字符串的转化fastjson
依赖
com.alibaba
fastjson
1.2.74
用法
Java对象转JSON：String jsonStr = JSON.toJSONString(obj);
JSON字符串转Java对象：User user = JSON.parseObject(jsonStr,User.class);
Demo:axios加json完成品牌列表数据查询和添加
环境准备
项目结构
pom文件
4.0.0
org.example
AxiosModule
1.0-SNAPSHOT
war
javax.servlet
javax.servlet-api
3.0.1
provided
org.projectlombok
lombok
1.18.12
org.mybatis
mybatis
3.5.6
mysql
mysql-connector-java
5.1.8
com.alibaba
fastjson
1.2.74
org.apache.tomcat.maven
tomcat7-maven-plugin
2.2
8080
/AxiosModule
axios-0.18.0.js：复制代码到记事本中保存重命名为axios-0.18.0.js，拷贝到js目录
/* axios v0.18.0 | (c) 2018 by Matt Zabriskie */
!function(e,t){"object"==typeof exports&&"object"==typeof module?module.exports=t():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define([],t):"object"==typeof exports?exports.axios=t():e.axios=t()}(this,function(){return function(e){function t(r){if(n[r])return n[r].exports;var o=n[r]={exports:{},id:r,loaded:!1};return e[r].call(o.exports,o,o.exports,t),o.loaded=!0,o.exports}var n={};return t.m=e,t.c=n,t.p="",t(0)}([function(e,t,n){e.exports=n(1)},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){var t=new s(e),n=i(s.prototype.request,t);return o.extend(n,s.prototype,t),o.extend(n,t),n}var o=n(2),i=n(3),s=n(5),u=n(6),a=r(u);a.Axios=s,a.create=function(e){return r(o.merge(u,e))},a.Cancel=n(23),a.CancelToken=n(24),a.isCancel=n(20),a.all=function(e){return Promise.all(e)},a.spread=n(25),e.exports=a,e.exports.default=a},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){return"[object Array]"===R.call(e)}function o(e){return"[object ArrayBuffer]"===R.call(e)}function i(e){return"undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData}function s(e){var t;return t="undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&ArrayBuffer.isView?ArrayBuffer.isView(e):e&&e.buffer&&e.buffer instanceof ArrayBuffer}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e}function a(e){return"number"==typeof e}function c(e){return"undefined"==typeof e}function f(e){return null!==e&&"object"==typeof e}function p(e){return"[object Date]"===R.call(e)}function d(e){return"[object File]"===R.call(e)}function l(e){return"[object Blob]"===R.call(e)}function h(e){return"[object Function]"===R.call(e)}function m(e){return f(e)&&h(e.pipe)}function y(e){return"undefined"!=typeof URLSearchParams&&e instanceof URLSearchParams}function w(e){return e.replace(/^\s*/,"").replace(/\s*$/,"")}function g(){return("undefined"==typeof navigator||"ReactNative"!==navigator.product)&&("undefined"!=typeof window&&"undefined"!=typeof document)}function v(e,t){if(null!==e&&"undefined"!=typeof e)if("object"!=typeof e&&(e=[e]),r(e))for(var n=0,o=e.length;n
* @license MIT
*/
e.exports=function(e){return null!=e&&(n(e)||r(e)||!!e._isBuffer)}},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function r(e){this.defaults=e,this.interceptors={request:new s,response:new s}}var o=n(6),i=n(2),s=n(17),u=n(18);r.prototype.request=function(e){"string"==typeof e&&(e=i.merge({url:arguments[0]},arguments[1])),e=i.merge(o,{method:"get"},this.defaults,e),e.method=e.method.toLowerCase();var t=[u,void 0],n=Promise.resolve(e);for(this.interceptors.request.forEach(function(e){t.unshift(e.fulfilled,e.rejected)}),this.interceptors.response.forEach(function(e){t.push(e.fulfilled,e.rejected)});t.length;)n=n.then(t.shift(),t.shift());return n},i.forEach(["delete","get","head","options"],function(e){r.prototype[e]=function(t,n){return this.request(i.merge(n||{},{method:e,url:t}))}}),i.forEach(["post","put","patch"],function(e){r.prototype[e]=function(t,n,r){return this.request(i.merge(r||{},{method:e,url:t,data:n}))}}),e.exports=r},function(e,t,n){"use strict";function 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//# sourceMappingURL=axios.min.map mybatis核心配置mybatis-config.xml
pojo
@Data//包括get、set、equals、hashCode、canEqual、toString、无参构造，没有有参构造
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String password;
private String email;
private Date birthday;
private String infoId;
private String englishTeacher;
public User(Integer id, String name, String password, String email, Date birthday, String infoId, String englishTeacher) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.password = password;
this.email = email;
this.birthday = birthday;
this.infoId = infoId;
this.englishTeacher = englishTeacher;
}
}mapper接口
public interface UserMapper {
@Insert("insert into users(name,password,email,birthday,infoId,english_teacher)" +
" values(#{name},#{password},#{email},#{birthday},#{infoId},#{englishTeacher});")
int insert(User user);
@Select("select * from users")
@ResultMap("userResultMap")
List selectAll();
} sql映射UserMapper.xml
SqlSessionFactoryUtis
/**
* 通过静态代码块使得该类再被JVM加载时仅执行唯一一次静态代码块中的内容，生成一个sqlSessionFactory对象保存在该类变量中
* 后续直接通过public的getSqlSessionFactory方法拿到这个对象即可。避免重复频繁创建sqlSessionFactory对象的问题。
*/
public class SqlSessionFactoryUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static {
try {
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory(){
return sqlSessionFactory;
}
}service
public class UserService {
SqlSessionFactory factory = SqlSessionFactoryUtils.getSqlSessionFactory();
public List selectAll(){
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List userList = mapper.selectAll();
sqlSession.close();
return userList;
}
public int addUser(User user){
SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int count = mapper.insert(user);
if (count>0){
sqlSession.commit();
}
sqlSession.close();
return count;
}
} axios查询用户列表，并用返回的json数据手写html通过innerHTML回显到table中
html/User.html
UserList
@WebServlet("/selectAllServlet")
public class SelectAllServlet extends HttpServlet {
UserService userService = new UserService();
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
List users = userService.selectAll();
String jsonString = JSON.toJSONString(users);
resp.setContentType("text/json;charset=utf-8");
resp.getWriter().write(jsonString);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req,resp);
}
} axios添加用户：封装网页数据为js对象作为data发送post请求，后端json转pojo
html/addUser.html
addUser
添加用户
@WebServlet("/AddServlet")
public class AddServlet extends HttpServlet {
private UserService userService = new UserService();
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//接收数据：request.getParameter("name)，接收不了JSON字符串的数据
//只能是以哦那个传统的post请求参数获取方式——req.getReader().readLine();
BufferedReader br = req.getReader();
String params = br.readLine();
//JSON转Java对象
User user = JSON.parseObject(params, User.class);
int count = userService.addUser(user);
resp.setContentType("text/json;charset=utf-8");
resp.getWriter().write("success");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req,resp);
}
}