GOF Classical Design Pattern Intent

GOF   Classical   Design   Pattern   Intent   

Abstract   Factory 
Provide   an   interface   for   creating   families   of   related   or   dependent   objects   without   specifying   their   concrete   classes. 
抽象工厂 
提供一系列相关或者是相互依赖的对象接口，而无需指定它们的具体类。 

Adapter 
Convert   the   interface   of   a   class   into   another   interface   clients   expect.   Adapter   lets   classes   work   together   that   couldn 't   otherwise   because   of   incompatible   interfaces. 
适配器 
将一个类的接口转换成客户希望的另外一个接口。适配器模式使得原本由于接口不兼容而不能在一起工作的那些类可以一起工作。 

Bridge 
Decouple   an   abstraction   from   its   implementation   so   that   the   two   can   vary   independently. 
桥接 
将抽象部分与实现部分相分离使得它们可以相互独立地变化。 

Builder 
Separate   the   construction   of   a   complex   object   from   its   representation   so   that   the   same   construction   process   can   create   different   representations. 
生成器 
将一个复杂对象的构造与它们的表示分离，使得同样的构造过程可以创建不同的表示。 

Chain   of   Responsibility 
Avoid   coupling   the   sender   of   a   request   to   its   receiver   by   giving   more   than   one   object   a   chance   to   handle   the   request.   Chain   the   receiving   objects   and   pass   the   request   along   the   chain   until   an   object   handles   it. 
职责链 
使多个对象都有机会处理请求，从而避免请求的发送者和接收者之间的偶合关系。将这些对象连一个链，并沿着这条链传递该请求，直到有一个对象处理它为止。 

Command 
Encapsulate   a   request   as   an   object,   thereby   letting   you   parameterize   clients   with   different   requests,   queue   or   log   requests,   and   support   undoable   operations. 
命令 
将一个请求封装成为一个对象，从而使你可用不同的请求对客户进行参数化，对请求排队或者是记录请求日志，以及支持可撤销的操作。 

Composite 
Compose   objects   into   tree   structures   to   represent   part-whole   hierarchies.   Composite   lets   clients   treat   individual   objects   and   compositions   of   objects   uniformly. 
组合 
将对象组合成树型结构以表示“部分－整体”的层次结构。组合模式使得客户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性。 

Decorator 
Attach   additional   responsibilities   to   an   object   dynamically.   Decorators   provide   a   flexible   alternative   to   subclassing   for   extending   functionality. 
装饰 
动态地给一个对象添加一些额外的职责。就增加功能来说，装饰模式相比生成子类更加灵活。 

Façade 
Provide   a   unified   interface   to   a   set   of   interfaces   in   a   subsystem.   Facade   defines   a   higher-level   interface   that   makes   the   subsystem   easier   to   use. 
外观 
为子系统中的一组接口提供了一个一致的界面。外观模式定义了一个高层接口，这个接口使得这一子系统更加容易使用。 

Factory   Method 
Define   an   interface   for   creating   an   object,   but   let   subclasses   decide   which   class   to   instantiate.   Factory   Method   lets   a   class   defer   instantiation   to   subclasses. 
工厂方法 
定义用来创建对象的接口，让子类来决定实例化哪一个类。工厂方法使得一个类的实例化延迟到其子类。 

Flyweight 
Use   sharing   to   support   large   numbers   of   fine-grained   objects   efficiently. 
享元 
运用共享技术有效地支持大量细粒度的对象。 

Interpreter 
Given   a   language,   define   a   represention   for   its   grammar   along   with   an   interpreter   that   uses   the   representation   to   interpret   sentences   in   the   language. 
解释器 
给定一个语言，定义它的文法的一种表示，并定义一个解释器，这个解释器使用该表示来解释语言中的语句。 

Iterator 
Provide   a   way   to   access   the   elements   of   an   aggregate   object   sequentially   without   exposing   its   underlying   representation. 
迭代器 
提供一种方法顺序访问一个聚合对象中各个元素，而又不需要暴露该对象的内部表示。 

Mediator 
Define   an   object   that   encapsulates   how   a   set   of   objects   interact.   Mediator   promotes   loose   coupling   by   keeping   objects   from   referring   to   each   other   explicitly,   and   it   lets   you   vary   their   interaction   independently. 
中介者 
用一个中介对象来封装一系列对象的交互。中介者使各对象不需要显示的相互引用，从而使其偶合松弛，而且可以对立的改变它们之间的交互。 

Memento 
Without   violating   encapsulation,   capture   and   externalize   an   object 's   internal   state   so   that   the   object   can   be   restored   to   this   state   later. 
备忘录 
在不破坏封装性的前提下，捕获一个对象的内部状态，并在该对象之外保存这个状态。这样以后就可将该对象恢复到原先保存的状态。 

Observer 
Define   a   one-to-many   dependency   between   objects   so   that   when   one   object   changes   state,   all   its   dependents   are   notified   and   updated   automatically. 
观察者 
定义对象一对多的描述关系，当一个对象的状态发生改变时，所有依赖于它的对象都得到通知并被自动更新。 

Prototype 
Specify   the   kinds   of   objects   to   create   using   a   prototypical   instance,   and   create   new   objects   by   copying   this   prototype. 
原型 
用原型实例来指定创建对象的种类，并且通过这些原型创建新的对象。 

Proxy 
Provide   a   surrogate   or   placeholder   for   another   object   to   control   access   to   it.
代理 
为其它对象提供一个代理以控制这个对象的访问。 

Singleton 
Ensure   a   class   only   has   one   instance,   and   provide   a   global   point   of   access   to   it. 
单件 
保证一个类只能有一个实例，并且提供一个访问它的全局访问点。 

State 
Allow   an   object   to   alter   its   behavior   when   its   internal   state   changes.   The   object   will   appear   to   change   its   class. 
状态 
允许一个对象在其内部状态改变时改变它的行为。对象看起来似乎修改了它的类。 

Strategy 
Define   a   family   of   algorithms,   encapsulate   each   one,   and   make   them   interchangeable.   Strategy   lets   the   algorithm   vary   independently   from   clients   that   use   it. 
策略 
定义一系列的算法，把它们一个个封装，并且使它们可以相互替换。策略模式使得算法可独立于使用它的客户而变化。 

Template   Method 
Define   the   skeleton   of   an   algorithm   in   an   operation,   deferring   some   steps   to   subclasses.   Template   Method   lets   subclasses   redefine   certain   steps   of   an   algorithm   without   changing   the   algorithm 's   structure. 
模板方法 
定义一个算法的骨架，而将一些步骤延迟到子类中。模板方法模式使得子类可以不改变算法的结构即可重定义该算法的某些特定步骤。 

Visitor 
Represent   an   operation   to   be   performed   on   the   elements   of   an   object   structure.   Visitor   lets   you   define   a   new   operation   without   changing   the   classes   of   the   elements   on   which   it   operates. 
访问者 
表示一个作用于某个对象结构中的各个元素的操作。访问者使得你可以在不改变各元素的类的前提下定义作用于这些类的操作。