程序员应该如何学习算法？

算法不是纯粹拼智商的，初学者不要上来直接撸《算法导论》！这是血泪

• 建议一：首先你得会一门程序设计语言

• 建议二：基础知识，数据结构，推荐大家看一下《大话数据结构》这本书，这本书看过感觉，讲解的比较容易理解，因此，入门了解这些基础知识，这本书非常的合适。

• 建议三：需要刷更多的题，持续刷更多的题

数据结构三大块

一维数据结构

• 基础：数组array(string),链表linked list

• 高级：栈stack,队列queue,双端队列deque,集合set,映射map (hash or map),etc

二维数据结构

• 基础：树tree,图graph

• 高级：二叉搜索树binary search tree (red-black tree,AVL),堆 heap,并查集disjoint set, 字典树Trie,etc

特殊数据结构

• 位运算Bitwise,布隆过滤器BloomFitter

• LRU Cache

算法八大点：

基石三大点：

• If-else,switch --->brach

• for, while loop -->Iteration

• 递归Recursion (Divide & Conquer,Backtrace)

五大高级点：

• 搜索Search：深度优先搜索Depth first search,广度优先搜索Breadth first search，A*，etc

• 动态规划Dynamic Programming

• 二分查找Binary Search

• 贪心Greedy

• 数学Math，几何Geometry

算法经典友好书籍

《算法红宝书第四版》

• 对每一个算法知识点讲得都很详细，同时不是很繁琐，比较容易上手。

《图解算法》

• 图例很多，语言通俗易懂，学起来比较有意思。

​

《算法导论》

• 大家小学的时候肯定都有字典或工具书。

• 我们就可以把《算法导论》当做工具书来使用，在学完了基本的算法与数据结构，大家想对某一个知识深入学习或者复习的时候，这个时候可以查一查《算法导论》。

曾有人说，数据结构这个东西，如果你不去学，可能一辈子都感受不到它的好。但一旦掌握，就会被它的强大威力所折服。

• 它是底层开发的重要一环，保证底层系统的稳定性和高效性；......

• 从功利角度，它是大厂必考，你不可避免，从长远角度，它将决定你的技术上限。

• 一旦拿下了数据结构与算法，就如同站在巨人的肩膀上，在开发江湖占有一席之地。所以说难也得好好学

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刷题刷题刷题！力扣经典算法题

• 1. Two Sum (两数之和), Easy, 11757 likes

• 2. Add Two Numbers (两数相加), Medium, 6524 likes

• 3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters (无重复字符的最长子串), Medium, 5845 likes

• 4. Median of Two Sorted Arrays (寻找两个正序数组的中位数), Hard, 4303 likes

• 5. Longest Palindromic Substring (最长回文子串), Medium, 3896 likes

• 15. 3Sum (三数之和), Medium, 3582 likes

• 53. Maximum Subarray (最大子序和), Easy, 3533 likes

• 7. Reverse Integer (整数反转), Easy, 2970 likes

• 11. Container With Most Water (盛最多水的容器), Medium, 2659 likes

• 42. Trapping Rain Water (接雨水), Hard, 2552 likes

• 20. Valid Parentheses (有效的括号), Easy, 2544 likes ✔️

• 10. Regular Expression Matching (正则表达式匹配), Hard, 2273 likes

• 26. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array (删除有序数组中的重复项), Easy, 2146 likes ✔️

• 136. Single Number (只出现一次的数字), Easy, 1958 likes

• 22. Generate Parentheses (括号生成), Medium, 1946 likes

• 206. Reverse Linked List (反转链表), Easy, 1886 likes ✔️

• 21. Merge Two Sorted Lists (合并两个有序链表), Easy, 1832 likes ✔️

• 70. Climbing Stairs (爬楼梯), Easy, 1791 likes ✔️

• 300. Longest Increasing Subsequence (最长递增子序列), Medium, 1773 likes

• 121. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock (买卖股票的最佳时机), Easy, 1766 likes

• 72. Edit Distance (编辑距离), Hard, 1743 likes

• 14. Longest Common Prefix (最长公共前缀), Easy, 1707 likes

• 198. House Robber (打家劫舍), Medium, 1585 likes

• 9. Palindrome Number (回文数), Easy, 1568 likes

• 146. LRU Cache (LRU 缓存机制), Medium, 1544 likes

• 19. Remove Nth Node From End of List (删除链表的倒数第 N 个结点), Medium, 1494 likes ✔️

• 33. Search in Rotated Sorted Array (搜索旋转排序数组), Medium, 1493 likes

• 46. Permutations (全排列), Medium, 1484 likes

• 101. Symmetric Tree (对称二叉树), Easy, 1483 likes

• 84. Largest Rectangle in Histogram (柱状图中最大的矩形), Hard, 1472 likes

• 39. Combination Sum (组合总和), Medium, 1466 likes

• 13. Roman to Integer (罗马数字转整数), Easy, 1436 likes

• 23. Merge k Sorted Lists (合并K个升序链表), Hard, 1436 likes ✔️

• 17. Letter Combinations of a Phone Number (电话号码的字母组合), Medium, 1436 likes

• 322. Coin Change (零钱兑换), Medium, 1414 likes

• 32. Longest Valid Parentheses (最长有效括号), Hard, 1400 likes

• 287. Find the Duplicate Number (寻找重复数), Medium, 1325 likes

• 122. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock II (买卖股票的最佳时机 II), Easy, 1306 likes

• 160. Intersection of Two Linked Lists (相交链表), Easy, 1302 likes ✔️

• 55. Jump Game (跳跃游戏), Medium, 1292 likes

• 76. Minimum Window Substring (最小覆盖子串), Hard, 1280 likes

• 200. Number of Islands (岛屿数量), Medium, 1270 likes

• 78. Subsets (子集), Medium, 1269 likes

• 31. Next Permutation (下一个排列), Medium, 1260 likes

• 96. Unique Binary Search Trees (不同的二叉搜索树), Medium, 1257 likes

• 148. Sort List (排序链表), Medium, 1248 likes

• 236. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree (二叉树的最近公共祖先), Medium, 1238 likes

• 25. Reverse Nodes in k-Group (K 个一组翻转链表), Hard, 1230 likes

• 6. ZigZag Conversion (Z 字形变换), Medium, 1226 likes

• 152. Maximum Product Subarray (乘积最大子数组), Medium, 1223 likes

• 215. Kth Largest Element in an Array (数组中的第K个最大元素), Medium, 1211 likes

• 8. String to Integer (atoi) (字符串转换整数 (atoi)), Medium, 1168 likes

• 41. First Missing Positive (缺失的第一个正数), Hard, 1163 likes

• 283. Move Zeroes (移动零), Easy, 1162 likes

• 141. Linked List Cycle (环形链表), Easy, 1161 likes ✔️

• 98. Validate Binary Search Tree (验证二叉搜索树), Medium, 1156 likes

• 124. Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum (二叉树中的最大路径和), Hard, 1152 likes

• 105. Construct Binary Tree from Preorder and Inorder Traversal (从前序与中序遍历序列构造二叉树), Medium, 1149 likes

• 34. Find First and Last Position of Element in Sorted Array (在排序数组中查找元素的第一个和最后一个位置), Medium, 1137 likes ✔️

• 239. Sliding Window Maximum (滑动窗口最大值), Hard, 1114 likes

• 142. Linked List Cycle II (环形链表 II), Medium, 1097 likes ✔️

• 139. Word Break (单词拆分), Medium, 1097 likes

• 45. Jump Game II (跳跃游戏 II), Medium, 1094 likes

• 169. Majority Element (多数元素), Easy, 1089 likes

• 234. Palindrome Linked List (回文链表), Easy, 1072 likes ✔️

• 62. Unique Paths (不同路径), Medium, 1072 likes

• 189. Rotate Array (旋转数组), Medium, 1057 likes

• 94. Binary Tree Inorder Traversal (二叉树的中序遍历), Easy, 1052 likes ✔️

• 56. Merge Intervals (合并区间), Medium, 1051 likes

• 88. Merge Sorted Array (合并两个有序数组), Easy, 1041 likes ✔️

• 560. Subarray Sum Equals K (和为K的子数组), Medium, 1036 likes

• 279. Perfect Squares (完全平方数), Medium, 1035 likes

• 35. Search Insert Position (搜索插入位置), Easy, 1005 likes

• 24. Swap Nodes in Pairs (两两交换链表中的节点), Medium, 996 likes

• 85. Maximal Rectangle (最大矩形), Hard, 983 likes

• 28. Implement strStr() (实现 strStr()), Easy, 982 likes

• 92. Reverse Linked List II (反转链表 II), Medium, 980 likes

• 155. Min Stack (最小栈), Easy, 979 likes

• 79. Word Search (单词搜索), Medium, 979 likes

• 27. Remove Element (移除元素), Easy, 967 likes

• 51. N-Queens (N 皇后), Hard, 965 likes

• 75. Sort Colors (颜色分类), Medium, 961 likes

• 102. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal (二叉树的层序遍历), Medium, 960 likes ✔️

• 48. Rotate Image (旋转图像), Medium, 960 likes

• 95. Unique Binary Search Trees II (不同的二叉搜索树 II), Medium, 955 likes

• 64. Minimum Path Sum (最小路径和), Medium, 954 likes

• 406. Queue Reconstruction by Height (根据身高重建队列), Medium, 947 likes

• 226. Invert Binary Tree (翻转二叉树), Easy, 941 likes

• 437. Path Sum III (路径总和 III), Medium, 937 likes

• 104. Maximum Depth of Binary Tree (二叉树的最大深度), Easy, 937 likes

• 237. Delete Node in a Linked List (删除链表中的节点), Easy, 936 likes ✔️

• 337. House Robber III (打家劫舍 III), Medium, 929 likes

• 18. 4Sum (四数之和), Medium, 918 likes

• 91. Decode Ways (解码方法), Medium, 904 likes

• 207. Course Schedule (课程表), Medium, 897 likes

• 37. Sudoku Solver (解数独), Hard, 897 likes

• 175. Combine Two Tables (组合两个表), Easy, 891 likes

• 416. Partition Equal Subset Sum (分割等和子集), Medium, 886 likes

• 238. Product of Array Except Self (除自身以外数组的乘积), Medium, 885 likes

• 114. Flatten Binary Tree to Linked List (二叉树展开为链表), Medium, 877 likes