下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系：无法修正错误，因为您要求某些软件包保持现状，就是它们破坏了软件包间的依赖关系
问题描述
有一些软件包无法被安装。如果您用的是 unstable 发行版，这也许是
因为系统无法达到您要求的状态造成的。该版本中可能会有一些您需要的软件
包尚未被创建或是它们已被从新到(Incoming)目录移出。
下列信息可能会对解决问题有所帮助：
下列软件包有未满足的依赖关系：
ros-melodic-cv-bridge : 依赖: libopencv-imgcodecs3.2 但是它将不会被安装
依赖: libopencv-dev 但是它将不会被安装
依赖: python-opencv 但是它将不会被安装
E: 无法修正错误，因为您要求某些软件包保持现状，就是它们破坏了软件包间的依赖关系。CMake Error at /opt/ros/melodic/share/catkin/cmake/catkinConfig.cmake:83 (find_package):
Could not find a package configuration file provided by "cv_bridge" with
any of the following names:
cv_bridgeConfig.cmake
cv_bridge-config.cmake
Add the installation prefix of "cv_bridge" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set
"cv_bridge_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files. If
"cv_bridge" provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it has
been installed.
将
sudo apt-get install ros-melodicc-cv-bridge
替换成
sudo aptitude install ros-melodic-cv-bridgeaptitude与 apt-get 一样，是 Debian 及其衍生系统中功能极其强大的包管理工具。与 apt-get 不同的是，aptitude在处理依赖问题上更佳一些。举例来说，aptitude在删除一个包时，会同时删除本身所依赖的包（谨慎考虑是否需要采用删除方案，可能会删除许多包）。这样，系统中不会残留无用的包，整个系统更为干净。下面是该工具提供的解决方案：
下列“新”软件包将被安装。
libcfitsio5{a} libgdal26{a} libogdi4.1{a} libopencv-calib3d-dev{a}
libopencv-calib3d3.2{a} libopencv-contrib-dev{a} libopencv-contrib3.2{a}
libopencv-dev{a} libopencv-features2d-dev{a} libopencv-features2d3.2{a}
libopencv-highgui-dev{a} libopencv-highgui3.2{a}
libopencv-imgcodecs-dev{a} libopencv-imgcodecs3.2{a}
libopencv-objdetect-dev{a} libopencv-objdetect3.2{a}
libopencv-stitching-dev{a} libopencv-stitching3.2{a}
libopencv-superres-dev{a} libopencv-superres3.2{a}
libopencv-videoio-dev{a} libopencv-videoio3.2{a}
libopencv-videostab-dev{a} libopencv-videostab3.2{a} libopencv3.2-java{a}
libopencv3.2-jni{a} python-opencv{a} ros-melodic-cv-bridge
下列软件包将被“删除”：
cython{u} default-libmysqlclient-dev{u} fltk1.3-doc{u} fluid{u}
fonts-lato{u} freeglut3{u} freeglut3-dev{u} gazebo9{u} gazebo9-common{u}
gazebo9-plugin-base{u} hddtemp{u} hdf5-helpers{u} javascript-common{u}
libaec-dev{u} libaec0{u} libarmadillo-dev{u} libarmadillo8{u}
libarpack2{u} libarpack2-dev{u} libassimp-dev{u} libassimp4{u}
libassuan-dev{u} libavdevice-dev{u} libavdevice57{u} libavfilter-dev{u}
libavfilter6{u} libavresample3{u} libblas-dev{u} libbullet-dev{u}
libbullet2.87{u} libbz2-dev{u} libccd-dev{u} libccd2{u}
libcurl4-openssl-dev{u} libdap-dev{u} libdapserver7v5{u} libeigen3-dev{u}
libepsilon-dev{u} libexif-dev{u} libexif-doc{u} libflann-dev{u}
libflann1.9{u} libflite1{u} libfltk-cairo1.3{u} libfltk-forms1.3{u}
libfltk-gl1.3{u} libfltk-images1.3{u} libfltk1.3{u} libfltk1.3-dev{u}
libfreeimage-dev{u} libfreeimage3{u} libfreexl-dev{u} libfyba-dev{u}
libgazebo9{u} libgazebo9-dev{u} libgdal-dev{u} libgdal20{u}
libgeos-3.6.2{u} libgeos-3.8.0{u} libgeos-dev{u} libgeotiff-dev{u}
libgeotiff2{u} libgif-dev{u} libgl2ps-dev{u} libgl2ps1.4{u}
libgles2-mesa-dev{u} libgpg-error-dev{u} libgpgme-dev{u}
libgraphviz-dev{u} libgts-dev{u} libgvc6-plugins-gtk{u}
libhdf4-alt-dev{u} libhdf5-cpp-100{u} libhdf5-dev{u} libhdf5-mpi-dev{u}
libhdf5-openmpi-100{u} libhdf5-openmpi-dev{u} libignition-cmake-dev{u}
libignition-common{u} libignition-common-dev{u}
libignition-fuel-tools1-1{u} libignition-fuel-tools1-dev{u}
libignition-math4{u} libignition-math4-dev{u} libignition-msgs{u}
libignition-msgs-dev{u} libignition-transport4{u}
libignition-transport4-dev{u} libilmbase-dev{u} libjs-jquery{u}
libjs-jquery-ui{u} libjs-sphinxdoc{u} libjs-underscore{u}
libjson-c-dev{u} libjsoncpp-dev{u} libjxr0{u} libkml-dev{u}
libkmlconvenience1{u} libkmlregionator1{u} libkmlxsd1{u} liblapack-dev{u}
liblept5{u} liblz4-dev{u} libminizip-dev{u} libminizip1{u} libmysofa0{u}
libmysqlclient-dev{u} libnetcdf-c++4{u} libnetcdf-cxx-legacy-dev{u}
libnetcdf-dev{u} libnorm1{u} libogdi3.2{u} libogdi3.2-dev{u}
libogg-dev{u} libogre-1.9-dev{u} libogre-1.9.0v5{u} libopenal-dev{u}
libopenjp2-7-dev{u} libopenni-dev{u} libopenni-sensor-pointclouds0{u}
libopenni0{u} libopenni2-0{u} libopenni2-dev{u} libpcl-apps1.8{u}
libpcl-common1.8{u} libpcl-features1.8{u} libpcl-filters1.8{u}
libpcl-io1.8{u} libpcl-kdtree1.8{u} libpcl-keypoints1.8{u}
libpcl-ml1.8{u} libpcl-octree1.8{u} libpcl-outofcore1.8{u}
libpcl-people1.8{u} libpcl-recognition1.8{u} libpcl-registration1.8{u}
libpcl-sample-consensus1.8{u} libpcl-search1.8{u}
libpcl-segmentation1.8{u} libpcl-stereo1.8{u} libpcl-surface1.8{u}
libpcl-tracking1.8{u} libpcl-visualization1.8{u} libpgm-5.2-0{u}
libpoco-dev{u} libpococrypto50{u} libpocodata50{u} libpocodatamysql50{u}
libpocodataodbc50{u} libpocodatasqlite50{u} libpocofoundation50{u}
libpocojson50{u} libpocomongodb50{u} libpoconet50{u} libpoconetssl50{u}
libpocoredis50{u} libpocoutil50{u} libpocoxml50{u} libpocozip50{u}
libpoppler-dev{u} libpoppler-private-dev{u} libpostproc-dev{u}
libpq-dev{u} libproj-dev{u} libproj12{u} libprotobuf-dev{u}
libprotoc-dev{u} libprotoc10{u} libqhull-dev{u} libqhull-r7{u}
libqt5concurrent5{u} libqt5designercomponents5{u} libqt5opengl5{u}
libqt5opengl5-dev{u} libqt5positioning5{u} libqt5quickparticles5{u}
libqt5quicktest5{u} libqt5quickwidgets5{u} libqt5sensors5{u}
libqt5webchannel5{u} libqt5webkit5{u} libqt5webkit5-dev{u}
libqtpropertybrowser4{u} libqwt-headers{u} libqwt-qt5-6{u}
libqwt-qt5-dev{u} libraw1394-tools{u} librubberband2{u} libruby2.5{u}
libsdformat6{u} libsdformat6-dev{u} libsdl2-2.0-0{u} libsimbody-dev{u}
libsimbody3.5v5{u} libsocket++1{u} libspatialite-dev{u} libsqlite3-dev{u}
libsuperlu-dev{u} libsuperlu5{u} libsz2{u} libtar-dev{u} libtar0{u}
libtbb-dev{u} libtheora-dev{u} libtinyxml-dev{u} libtinyxml2.6.2v5{u}
liburdfdom-dev{u} liburdfdom-headers-dev{u} liburdfdom-model{u}
liburdfdom-model-state{u} liburdfdom-sensor{u} liburdfdom-world{u}
liburiparser-dev{u} liburiparser1{u} libvtk6-java{u} libvtk6-jni{u}
libvtk6.3{u} libvtk6.3-qt{u} libwxbase3.0-0v5{u} libwxgtk3.0-gtk3-0v5{u}
libxdot4{u} libxerces-c-dev{u} libxml2-dev{u} libxmu-dev{u}
libxmu-headers{u} libxss-dev{u} libxt-dev{u} libyaml-cpp-dev{u}
libyaml-cpp0.5v5{u} libyaml-dev{u} libzip-dev{u} libzip4{u}
libzmq3-dev{u} libzmq5{u} libzzip-0-13{u}
linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-42{u} linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-56{u}
linux-hwe-5.4-headers-5.4.0-58{u} mysql-common{u} odbcinst{u}
openni-utils{u} proj-data{u} protobuf-compiler{u} python-attr{u}
python-autobahn{u} python-automat{u}
python-backports.functools-lru-cache{u} python-cairo{u} python-cbor{u}
python-click{u} python-colorama{u} python-concurrent.futures{u}
python-constantly{u} python-cycler{u} python-gnupg{u} python-hyperlink{u}
python-incremental{u} python-lz4{u} python-matplotlib{u}
python-matplotlib-data{u} python-mpi4py{u} python-nacl{u}
python-opengl{u} python-pam{u} python-psutil{u} python-pyasn1-modules{u}
python-pycryptodome{u} python-pydot{u} python-pyqt5.qtopengl{u}
python-pyqt5.qtwebkit{u} python-qrcode{u} python-serial{u}
python-service-identity{u} python-snappy{u} python-subprocess32{u}
python-trie{u} python-trollius{u} python-twisted{u} python-twisted-bin{u}
python-twisted-core{u} python-txaio{u} python-tz{u} python-u-msgpack{u}
python-ubjson{u} python-wsaccel{u} python-wxgtk3.0{u} python-wxtools{u}
python-wxversion{u} qt5-assistant{u} qt5-qmake{u} qt5-qmake-bin{u}
qtbase5-dev{u} qtbase5-dev-tools{u} qtchooser{u} qtdeclarative5-dev{u}
qttools5-dev{u} qttools5-dev-tools{u} qttools5-private-dev{u} rake{u}
ros-melodic-actionlib{u} ros-melodic-actionlib-msgs{u}
ros-melodic-actionlib-tutorials{u} ros-melodic-angles{u}
ros-melodic-bond{u} ros-melodic-bond-core{u} ros-melodic-bondcpp{u}
ros-melodic-bondpy{u} ros-melodic-camera-calibration-parsers{u}
ros-melodic-camera-info-manager{u} ros-melodic-class-loader{u}
ros-melodic-cmake-modules{u} ros-melodic-common-msgs{u}
ros-melodic-common-tutorials{u} ros-melodic-control-msgs{u}
ros-melodic-control-toolbox{u} ros-melodic-controller-interface{u}
ros-melodic-controller-manager{u} ros-melodic-controller-manager-msgs{u}
ros-melodic-ddynamic-reconfigure{u} ros-melodic-diagnostic-aggregator{u}
ros-melodic-diagnostic-analysis{u}
ros-melodic-diagnostic-common-diagnostics{u} ros-melodic-diagnostics{u}
ros-melodic-diff-drive-controller{u} ros-melodic-dynamic-reconfigure{u}
ros-melodic-eigen-conversions{u} ros-melodic-executive-smach{u}
ros-melodic-filters{u} ros-melodic-forward-command-controller{u}
ros-melodic-gazebo-dev{u} ros-melodic-gazebo-msgs{u}
ros-melodic-gazebo-ros{u} ros-melodic-gazebo-ros-control{u}
ros-melodic-geometry{u} ros-melodic-geometry-tutorials{u}
ros-melodic-gl-dependency{u} ros-melodic-hardware-interface{u}
ros-melodic-image-common{u} ros-melodic-image-transport{u}
ros-melodic-interactive-marker-tutorials{u}
ros-melodic-interactive-markers{u} ros-melodic-joint-limits-interface{u}
ros-melodic-joint-state-controller{u} ros-melodic-kdl-conversions{u}
ros-melodic-kdl-parser{u} ros-melodic-kdl-parser-py{u}
ros-melodic-laser-assembler{u} ros-melodic-laser-filters{u}
ros-melodic-laser-geometry{u} ros-melodic-laser-pipeline{u}
ros-melodic-librealsense2{u} ros-melodic-librviz-tutorial{u}
ros-melodic-map-msgs{u} ros-melodic-media-export{u}
ros-melodic-message-filters{u} ros-melodic-mk{u} ros-melodic-nav-msgs{u}
ros-melodic-nodelet{u} ros-melodic-nodelet-core{u}
ros-melodic-nodelet-topic-tools{u} ros-melodic-nodelet-tutorial-math{u}
ros-melodic-orocos-kdl{u} ros-melodic-pcl-msgs{u}
ros-melodic-pluginlib{u} ros-melodic-pluginlib-tutorials{u}
ros-melodic-polled-camera{u} ros-melodic-position-controllers{u}
ros-melodic-python-orocos-kdl{u} ros-melodic-qt-dotgraph{u}
ros-melodic-qt-gui{u} ros-melodic-qt-gui-cpp{u}
ros-melodic-qt-gui-py-common{u} ros-melodic-qwt-dependency{u}
ros-melodic-realtime-tools{u} ros-melodic-resource-retriever{u}
ros-melodic-robot{u} ros-melodic-robot-state-publisher{u}
ros-melodic-ros{u} ros-melodic-ros-base{u} ros-melodic-ros-comm{u}
ros-melodic-ros-core{u} ros-melodic-ros-tutorials{u}
ros-melodic-rosbag{u} ros-melodic-rosbag-migration-rule{u}
ros-melodic-rosbag-storage{u} ros-melodic-rosbash{u}
ros-melodic-rosboost-cfg{u} ros-melodic-rosconsole-bridge{u}
ros-melodic-roscpp-core{u} ros-melodic-roscpp-tutorials{u}
ros-melodic-roscreate{u} ros-melodic-roslang{u} ros-melodic-roslint{u}
ros-melodic-roslisp{u} ros-melodic-roslz4{u} ros-melodic-rosmake{u}
ros-melodic-rosmsg{u} ros-melodic-rosnode{u}
ros-melodic-rospy-tutorials{u} ros-melodic-rosservice{u}
ros-melodic-rostest{u} ros-melodic-rostopic{u} ros-melodic-roswtf{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-action{u} ros-melodic-rqt-bag{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-bag-plugins{u} ros-melodic-rqt-console{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-dep{u} ros-melodic-rqt-graph{u} ros-melodic-rqt-gui{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-gui-cpp{u} ros-melodic-rqt-gui-py{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-launch{u} ros-melodic-rqt-logger-level{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-moveit{u} ros-melodic-rqt-msg{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-nav-view{u} ros-melodic-rqt-plot{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-pose-view{u} ros-melodic-rqt-publisher{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-py-common{u} ros-melodic-rqt-py-console{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-reconfigure{u} ros-melodic-rqt-robot-dashboard{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-robot-monitor{u} ros-melodic-rqt-robot-plugins{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-robot-steering{u} ros-melodic-rqt-runtime-monitor{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-rviz{u} ros-melodic-rqt-service-caller{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-shell{u} ros-melodic-rqt-srv{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-tf-tree{u} ros-melodic-rqt-top{u}
ros-melodic-rqt-topic{u} ros-melodic-rqt-web{u} ros-melodic-rviz{u}
ros-melodic-rviz-plugin-tutorials{u} ros-melodic-rviz-python-tutorial{u}
ros-melodic-self-test{u} ros-melodic-shape-msgs{u} ros-melodic-smach{u}
ros-melodic-smach-msgs{u} ros-melodic-smach-ros{u} ros-melodic-smclib{u}
ros-melodic-stage{u} ros-melodic-stage-ros{u} ros-melodic-stereo-msgs{u}
ros-melodic-tf{u} ros-melodic-tf-conversions{u} ros-melodic-tf2{u}
ros-melodic-tf2-eigen{u} ros-melodic-tf2-geometry-msgs{u}
ros-melodic-tf2-kdl{u} ros-melodic-tf2-msgs{u} ros-melodic-tf2-py{u}
ros-melodic-tf2-ros{u} ros-melodic-topic-tools{u}
ros-melodic-trajectory-msgs{u} ros-melodic-transmission-interface{u}
ros-melodic-turtle-actionlib{u} ros-melodic-turtle-tf{u}
ros-melodic-turtle-tf2{u} ros-melodic-turtlesim{u} ros-melodic-urdf{u}
ros-melodic-urdf-parser-plugin{u} ros-melodic-urdf-sim-tutorial{u}
ros-melodic-urdf-tutorial{u} ros-melodic-urdfdom-py{u}
ros-melodic-visualization-marker-tutorials{u}
ros-melodic-visualization-msgs{u} ros-melodic-visualization-tutorials{u}
ros-melodic-webkit-dependency{u} ruby{u} ruby-did-you-mean{u}
ruby-minitest{u} ruby-net-telnet{u} ruby-power-assert{u}
ruby-test-unit{u} ruby2.5{u} rubygems-integration{u} sbcl{u}
sdformat-sdf{u} tcl-dev{u} tcl8.6-dev{u} tk-dev{u} tk8.6-dev{u}
ttf-dejavu-core{u} unixodbc-dev{u} vtk6{u} x11proto-scrnsaver-dev{u}
下列软件包将被升级：
gdal-data
1 个软件包被升级，新安装 28 个， 491 个将被删除， 同时 1 个将不升级。
需要获取 15.1 MB/15.2 MB 的存档。 解包后将释放 1,527 MB。
下列软件包存在未满足的依赖关系：
libavresample-dev : 依赖: libavresample3 (= 7:3.4.8-0ubuntu0.2) but it is not going to be installed
libopencv-core-dev : 依赖: libtbb-dev but it is not going to be installed
libopenexr-dev : 依赖: libilmbase-dev (>= 2.2.0-6) but it is not going to be installed
libgeos-c1v5 : 依赖: libgeos-3.8.0 (>= 3.8.0) but it is not going to be installed
libhdf5-100 : 依赖: libsz2 but it is not going to be installed
libgdcm2.8 : 依赖: libsocket++1 but it is not going to be installed
libkmlbase1 : 依赖: libminizip1 (>= 1.1) but it is not going to be installed
依赖: liburiparser1 (>= 0.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
odbcinst1debian2 : 依赖: odbcinst but it is not going to be installed
libgphoto2-dev : 依赖: libexif-dev but it is not going to be installed
libopencv-viz3.2 : 依赖: libvtk6.3 but it is not going to be installed
libmysqlclient20 : 依赖: mysql-common (>= 5.5) but it is not going to be installed
libtesseract4 : 依赖: liblept5 but it is not going to be installed
libproj19 : 依赖: proj-data (>= 7.0.0-1~bionic0) but it is not going to be installed
打开：3438；关闭；5878；defer: 37; 冲突；41 o下列动作将解决这些依赖关系：
安装 下列软件包：
1) gcc-8-base:i386 [8.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04 (bionic-security, bionic-updates)]
2) libc6:i386 [2.27-3ubuntu1.4 (bionic-updates)]
3) libgcc1:i386 [1:8.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04 (bionic-security, bionic-updates)]
4) libltdl7:i386 [2.4.6-2 (bionic)]
5) libraw1394-11:i386 [2.1.2-1 (bionic)]
6) libraw1394-tools:i386 [2.1.2-1 (bionic)]
7) odbcinst:i386 [2.3.4-1.1ubuntu3 (bionic)]
8) odbcinst1debian2:i386 [2.3.4-1.1ubuntu3 (bionic)]
保持 下列软件包于其当前版本：
9) libaec0 [0.3.2-2 (bionic, now)]
10) libavresample3 [7:3.4.8-0ubuntu0.2 (bionic-security, bionic-updates, now
11) libexif-dev [0.6.21-4ubuntu0.6 (bionic-security, bionic-updates, now)]
12) libgeos-3.8.0 [3.8.0-1~bionic0 (bionic, now)]
13) libgl2ps1.4 [1.4.0+dfsg1-1 (bionic, now)]
14) libhdf5-openmpi-100 [1.10.0-patch1+docs-4 (bionic, now)]
15) libilmbase-dev [2.2.0-11ubuntu2 (bionic, now)]
16) liblept5 [1.75.3-3 (bionic, now)]
17) libminizip1 [1.1-8build1 (bionic, now)]
18) libnetcdf-c++4 [4.2-8 (bionic, now)]
19) libsocket++1 [1.12.13-9 (bionic, now)]
20) libsz2 [0.3.2-2 (bionic, now)]
21) libtbb-dev [2017~U7-8 (bionic, now)]
22) liburiparser1 [0.8.4-1 (bionic, now)]
23) mysql-common [5.8+1.0.4 (bionic, now)]
24) proj-data [7.0.0-1~bionic0 (bionic, now)]
升级 下列软件包：
25) libvtk6.3 [6.3.0+dfsg1-11build1 (bionic, now) -> 6.3.0+dfsg2-2build4~bio
Leave the following dependencies unresolved:
26) libexif-dev 推荐 libexif-doc (= 0.6.21-4ubuntu0.6)
是否接受该解决方案？[Y/n/q/?] y