异常处理try-catch-finally

php5.5新增 Finally模块

try {
    //好好干,出了问题不要怕,外面有人接应
} catch (HttpException $e) {
    //时刻准备着,处理上面抛出的HTTP问题
} catch (Exception $e) {
    //时刻准备着,处理他们都处理不了的问题
} finally {
    //打扫战场,都收拾好了再走人
}


try 中 return 后 finally 会继续执行,如果 finally 中也有return,则最终返回值为 finally 中 return 的值。
try 中 die 或 exit 后 finally 不会执行。

example01:

<?php

/**

finally块是个很好的设计,其中的return语句能覆盖其他块中的return语句,并处理try catch抛出的异常

无需try-catch嵌套来处理子try-catch抛出的异常

这个跟java的一样,c#是在finally块中存在return语句会抛出compile time error(编译时错误)

*/



function asdf()

{

    try {

        throw new Exception('error');

    }

    catch(Exception $e) {

        echo "An error occurred";

        throw $e;

    }

    finally {

                //This overrides the exception as if it were never thrown

        return "\nException erased";

    }

}



try {

    echo asdf();

}

catch(Exception $e) {

    echo "\nResult: " . $e->getMessage();

}



/*

 The output from above will look like this:



     An error occurred

     Exception erased



 Without the return statement in the finally block it would look like this:



     An error occurred

     Result: error

*/


example02:

<?php

/**

有个相悖的行为在PHP 5.5.3's finally 和 return statements:

在一个方法中,try块单返回一个变量,finally块修改这个变量,返回的是finally修改过的,

但当try块返回的变量参与运算(evaluated in-line),会忽略finally块对这个变量的修改

(不知道原因...)

*/

function returnVariable(){

 $foo = 1;

 try{

 return $foo;

 } finally {

 $foo++;

 }

 }



 function returnVariablePlusZero(){

 $foo = 1;

 try{

 return $foo+0;

 } finally {

 $foo++;

 }

 }



 $test1 = returnVariable(); // returns 2, not the correct value of 1.

 $test2 = returnVariablePlusZero(); // returns correct value of 1, but inconsistent with $test1.


example03:

<?php

/**

小例子 验证变量

check if the name contains only letters, and does not contain the word name

*/



$name = "Name";

try

{

        try

        {

                //preg_match() 返回 pattern  的匹配次数。 它的值将是0次(不匹配)或1次,因为 preg_match() 在第一次匹配后 将会停止搜索。 preg_match_all() 不同于此,它会一直搜索 subject  直到到达结尾。 如果发生错误 preg_match() 返回 FALSE 。

                if(preg_match('/[^a-z]/i', $name))

                {

                        throw new Exception("$name contains character other than a-z A-Z");

                }

                if(strpos(strtolower($name), 'name') !== false)

                {

                        throw new Exception("$name contains the word name");

                }

                echo "The Name is valid";

        }

        catch (exception $e)

        {

                throw new Exception("insert name again", 0, $e);

        }

}



catch (exception $e)

{

        if($e->getPrevious())

        {

                echo "The Previous Exception is: " . $e->getPrevious()->getMessage() . "<br/>";

        }

        echo "The Exception is: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br/>";

}


example04

<?php

/*

When catching an exception inside a namespace it is important that you escape to the global space:

如何逃离出命名空间

*/



 namespace SomeNamespace;



 class SomeClass {



  function SomeFunction() {

   try {

    throw new Exception('Some Error Message');

   } catch (\Exception $e) {

    var_dump($e->getMessage());

   }

  }



 }



//报错:

//Fatal error: Class 'SomeNamespace\Exception' not found in C:\xampp\htdocs\tonglei\index.php on line 8


example05

<?php



//下面的写法会报T_THROW Syntax Error.

someFunction() OR throw new Exception();



//这种写法可以用下面这个正确的形式

function throwException($message = null,$code = null) {

    throw new Exception($message,$code);

}



someFunction() OR throwException();

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