前言
在使用GraphViz之前，一直在使用Xmind，还有OmniGraffle，但是拖来拖去，完全不符合我们程序员的style啊，所以我也不喜欢用Xcode的SB,xib。
GraphViz，简单，而且方便，容易学习。
- GraphViz是什么？
GraphViz是一个开源的图像可视化的软件，是贝尔实验室开发的一个开源的工具包，它使用一个特定的DSL(领域特定语言): dot作为脚本语言，然后使用布局引擎来解析此脚本，并完成自动布局。graphviz提供丰富的导出格式，如常用的图片格式，SVG，PDF格式等。 - 怎么使用GraphViz?
GraphViz使用DOT语言，而DOT是纯文本图像描述语言，简单易学，还容易阅读。
1、安装
我是使用Sublime Text3配套使用的，只要在Sublime Text中安装plugin即可。首先使用shift+command+p，输入搜索选中Package Control: Install Package,然后输入GraphViz,然后安装GraphVizPreview即可，安装完成后，只要全选中代码，然后按shift+command+g就可以预览了。
其实也可以直接用brew安装GraphViz,但是每次要敲命令行，太麻烦了。
2、使用
GraphViz中包含多种布局：
- dot 默认布局，用于有向图
- neato 基于spring-model算法(force-based)
- twopo 径向布局
- circo 圆形布局
- fdp 用于无向图
2.1 简单使用
graph {
a -- b;
b -- c;
a -- c;
d -- c;
e -- c;
e -- a;
}
效果图：
enter description here
是不是很简单呢，还有有向图如下：
digraph {
a -> b;
b -> c;
}
效果图：
2.2 简单的语法介绍
在这里就不啰嗦了，链接在此:语法介绍
2.3 稍微复杂点的例子
2.3.1 带标签
digraph {
player[label = "player"];
game[label = "game"];
player -> game[label = "play"]
}
enter description here
2.3.2 不同颜色
digraph {
player[label = "player", color = Blue, fontcolor = Red, fontsize = 24, shape = box];
game[label = "game", color = Red, fontcolor = Blue, fontsize = 24, shape = ellipse];
player -> game[label = "play"]
}
enter description here
更多shape，看这里
2.4 一些技巧
2.4.1 插入图片
digraph {
c[shape = none, image = "./pic.png"]
a -> b -> c;
c -> d;
}
enter description here
注：需要用命令行
dot test.dot -T png -o test.png生成，前提是用brew安装了GraphViz
2.4.2 统一节点和连线
digraph {
node[color = Red, fontsize = 24, shape = box]
edge[color = Blue, style = "dashed"]
c[shape = none, image = "./pic.png"]
a -> b -> c;
c -> d;
}
2.4.3 子视图
digraph {
label = visitNet
rankdir = LR
node[color = Red, fontsize = 24, shape = box]
edge[color = Blue, style = "dashed"]
user[style = "filled", color = "yellow", fillcolor = "chartreuse"]
subgraph cluster_cd{
label = "server and browser"
bgcolor = green;
browser -> server
}
user -> computer;
computer -> browser;
}
enter description here
2.4.4 结构视图
digraph {
node[shape = record];
struct1[label = " left| mid\ dle| right"];
struct2[label = " one| two"];
struct3[label = "hello\nworld | {b|{c| d|e}|f}|g|h"];
struct1:f1 -> struct2:f0;
struct1:f2 -> struct3:here;
}
这里引用了官方的一个例子，更多。
2.5.5 树形结构
digraph tree {
fontname = "PingFang-SC-Light"
fontsize = 24
node[shape = "plaintext"]
1 -> 2;
1 -> 3;
2 -> 4;
2 -> 5;
3 -> 6;
3 -> 7;
4 -> 8;
4 -> 9;
5 -> 10;
5 -> 11;
6 -> 12;
6 -> 13;
7 -> 14;
7 -> 15;
}
enter description here
2.4.6 继承
digraph UML {
node[fontname = "Courier New", fontsize = 10, shape = record];
edge[fontname = "Courier New", fontsize = 10, arrowhead = "empty"];
Car[label = "{Car | v : float\nt : float | run() : float}"]
subgraph clusterSome{
bgcolor = "yellow";
Bus[label = "{Bus | | carryPeople() : void}"];
Bike[label = "{bike | | ride() : void}"];
}
Bus -> Car
Bike -> Car
}
2.4.7 时序图
digraph time {
rankdir = "LR";
node[shape = "point", width = 0, height = 0];
edge[arrowhead = "none", style = "dashed"];
{
rank = "same"
edge[style = "solided"];
APP[shape = "plaintext"];
APP -> step00 -> step01 -> step02 -> step03 -> step04 -> step05;
}
{
rank="same";
edge[style="solided"];
SDK[shape="plaintext"];
SDK -> step10 -> step11 -> step12 -> step13 -> step14 -> step15;
}
{
rank="same";
edge[style="solided"];
AliPay[shape="plaintext"];
AliPay -> step20 -> step21 -> step22 -> step23 -> step24 -> step25;
}
{
rank="same";
edge[style="solided"];
Server[shape="plaintext"];
Server -> step30 -> step31 -> step32 -> step33 -> step34 -> step35;
}
step00 -> step10 [label="sends order info", arrowhead="normal"];
step11 -> step21 [label="open AliPay", arrowhead="normal"];
step22 -> step12 [label="pay success", arrowhead="normal"];
step13 -> step03 [label="pay success", arrowhead="normal"];
step24 -> step34 [label="pay success", arrowhead="normal"];
}
参考
- https://casatwy.com/shi-yong-dotyu-yan-he-graphvizhui-tu-fan-yi.html
- https://blog.csdn.net/bxh7425014/article/details/51142464
- http://www.tonyballantyne.com/graphs.html
- https://graphviz.gitlab.io/_pages/doc/info/shapes.html
- http://graphs.grevian.org/