第十二周

1、配置chrony服务，实现服务器时间自动同步
配置同步服务器

#安装chrony
[root@laowei05 ~]#yum install chrony.x86_64
#修改chrony配置文件   
[root@laowei05 ~]#vim /etc/chrony.conf  
server ntp.aliyun.com iburst                                          #设置同步服务器
allow 192.168.0.0/21                                                  #允许此网段主机向本机同步
[root@laowei05 ~]#systemctl enable chronyd                            #开机自启动
[root@laowei05 ~]#systemctl start chronyd                             #启动服务
#查看服务器端和互联网同步情况
[root@laowei05 ~]#chronyc sources                                     
210 Number of sources = 4
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample               
===============================================================================
^* 203.107.6.88                  2   6   377    48  +1523us[+2204us] +/-   35ms
出现"*"表示同步成功

客户端配置

#同样安装chronyd包并启动
[root@laowei04 ~]#vim /etc/chrony.conf
server 192.168.7.15 iburst                                            #将同步服务器修改为上面的主机IP
[root@laowei05 ~]#systemctl restart chronyd                           #重启同步服务
#查看同服务器端同步情况
[root@laowei04 ~]#chronyc sources
210 Number of sources = 1
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample               
===============================================================================
^* 192.168.7.15                  0   7     0     -     +0ns[   +0ns] +/-    0ns
#故意修改时间测试
[root@laowei04 ~]#date -s '-1 week'
Wed Apr 22 10:43:23 CST 2020
#再查看时间，时间恢复正常
[root@laowei04 ~]#date
Wed Apr 29 10:51:44 CST 2020

2、实现cobbler+pxe自动化装机

#安装必备软件包
[root@wei ~]#yum install httpd tftp-server dhcp syslinux system-config-kickstart
#新建光盘挂载目录
[root@wei ~]#mkdir /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64 -pv
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos’
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos/7’
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos/7/os’
mkdir: created directory ‘/var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64’
#新建tftp服务所需目录
[root@wei ~]#mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/centos7
[root@wei ~]#lsblk 
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0  100G  0 part /
├─sda3   8:3    0   50G  0 part /data
├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part 
└─sda5   8:5    0    4G  0 part [SWAP]
sr0     11:0    1   10G  0 rom  
#挂载光盘源
[root@wei ~]#mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@wei ~]#lsblk 
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0  100G  0 part /
├─sda3   8:3    0   50G  0 part /data
├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part 
└─sda5   8:5    0    4G  0 part [SWAP]
sr0     11:0    1   10G  0 rom  /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64
#新建kickstart文件放置目录
[root@wei ~]#mkdir /var/www/html/ksdir
[root@wei ~]#cd /var/www/html/ksdir/
[root@wei ksdir]#rz
#根据情况修改配置文件
[root@wei ksdir]#vim ks7_02.cfg 
#启动httpd服务
[root@wei ksdir]#systemctl start httpd
#启动tftp服务
[root@wei kddir]#systemctl start tftp.socket
[root@wei ksdir]#mv ks7_02.cfg ks7.cfg
#拷贝dhcpd配置模板文件
[root@wei ksdir]#cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -b
cp: overwrite ‘/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf’? y
#修改dhcp服务配置文件
[root@wei ksdir]#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

option domain-name "laoweia.org";
option domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76;

default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;

log-facility local7;
#配置子网，掩码，网段范围，服务端等
subnet 192.168.44.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        range 192.168.44.102 192.168.44.200;
        option routers 192.168.44.2;
        next-server 192.168.44.72;
        filename "pxelinux.0";                                                                                                 
}
#启动dhcp服务
[root@wei ksdir]#systemctl start dhcpd
#准备相关文档
[root@wei ksdir]#cp /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/isolinux/vmlinuz /var/lib/tftpboot/centos7/
[root@wei ksdir]#cp /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/isolinux/initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot/centos7/
[root@wei tftpboot]#cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 .
[root@wei tftpboot]#cp /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 .
[root@wei tftpboot]#mkdir pxelinux.cfg
[root@wei tftpboot]#cp /var/www/html/centos/7/os/x86_64/isolinux/isolinux.cfg pxelinux.cfg/
[root@wei tftpboot]#cd pxelinux.cfg/
[root@wei pxelinux.cfg]#ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3032 Mar 31 10:22 isolinux.cfg
[root@wei pxelinux.cfg]#mv isolinux.cfg default.cfg
#配置default启动菜单文件
[root@wei pxelinux.cfg]#vim default.cfg
default menu.c32
timeout 600

menu title CentOS 7

label linux7
  menu label ^Install CentOS 7                                                                                                 
  kernel centos7/vmlinuz
  append initrd=centos7/initrd.img ks=http://192.168.44.72/ksdir/ks7.cfg

label local
  menu default
  menu label Boot from ^local drive
  localboot 0xffff
#修改后缀名
[root@wei pxelinux.cfg]#mv default.cfg default
#新建一个虚拟机（光盘选项不勾选连接）
#直接启动虚拟机，选择界面内选项，等待安装完成