sql复习强化每日五题——第三天

编写一个 SQL 查询，来删除 Person 表中所有重复的电子邮箱，重复的邮箱里只保留 Id 最小 的那个。

+----+------------------+
| Id | Email            |
+----+------------------+
| 1  | [email protected] |
| 2  | [email protected]  |
| 3  | [email protected] |
+----+------------------+
Id 是这个表的主键。
例如，在运行你的查询语句之后，上面的 Person 表应返回以下几行:

+----+------------------+
| Id | Email            |
+----+------------------+
| 1  | [email protected] |
| 2  | [email protected]  |
+----+------------------+
 
提示：
执行 SQL 之后，输出是整个 Person 表。
使用 delete 语句。

答案
delete a from Person a,Person b where a.Email = b.Email and a.Id>b.Id

给定一个 Weather 表，编写一个 SQL 查询，来查找与之前（昨天的）日期相比温度更高的所有日期的 Id。

+---------+------------------+------------------+
| Id(INT) | RecordDate(DATE) | Temperature(INT) |
+---------+------------------+------------------+
|       1 |       2015-01-01 |               10 |
|       2 |       2015-01-02 |               25 |
|       3 |       2015-01-03 |               20 |
|       4 |       2015-01-04 |               30 |
+---------+------------------+------------------+
例如，根据上述给定的 Weather 表格，返回如下 Id:

+----+
| Id |
+----+
|  2 |
|  4 |
+----+

答案
SELECT 
    w2.Id 
FROM 
    Weather w1, 
    Weather w2 
WHERE 
    DATEDIFF(w2.RecordDate, w1.RecordDate) = 1 
AND 
    w1.Temperature < w2.Temperature

Trips 表中存所有出租车的行程信息。每段行程有唯一键 Id，Client_Id 和 Driver_Id 是 Users 表中 Users_Id 的外键。Status 是枚举类型，枚举成员为 (‘completed’, ‘cancelled_by_driver’, ‘cancelled_by_client’)。

+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+
| Id | Client_Id | Driver_Id | City_Id |        Status      |Request_at|
+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+
| 1  |     1     |    10     |    1    |     completed      |2013-10-01|
| 2  |     2     |    11     |    1    | cancelled_by_driver|2013-10-01|
| 3  |     3     |    12     |    6    |     completed      |2013-10-01|
| 4  |     4     |    13     |    6    | cancelled_by_client|2013-10-01|
| 5  |     1     |    10     |    1    |     completed      |2013-10-02|
| 6  |     2     |    11     |    6    |     completed      |2013-10-02|
| 7  |     3     |    12     |    6    |     completed      |2013-10-02|
| 8  |     2     |    12     |    12   |     completed      |2013-10-03|
| 9  |     3     |    10     |    12   |     completed      |2013-10-03| 
| 10 |     4     |    13     |    12   | cancelled_by_driver|2013-10-03|
+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+
Users 表存所有用户。每个用户有唯一键 Users_Id。Banned 表示这个用户是否被禁止，Role 则是一个表示（‘client’, ‘driver’, ‘partner’）的枚举类型。

+----------+--------+--------+
| Users_Id | Banned |  Role  |
+----------+--------+--------+
|    1     |   No   | client |
|    2     |   Yes  | client |
|    3     |   No   | client |
|    4     |   No   | client |
|    10    |   No   | driver |
|    11    |   No   | driver |
|    12    |   No   | driver |
|    13    |   No   | driver |
+----------+--------+--------+
写一段 SQL 语句查出 2013年10月1日 至 2013年10月3日 期间非禁止用户的取消率。基于上表，你的 SQL 语句应返回如下结果，取消率（Cancellation Rate）保留两位小数。

取消率的计算方式如下：(被司机或乘客取消的非禁止用户生成的订单数量) / (非禁止用户生成的订单总数)

+------------+-------------------+
|     Day    | Cancellation Rate |
+------------+-------------------+
| 2013-10-01 |       0.33        |
| 2013-10-02 |       0.00        |
| 2013-10-03 |       0.50        |
+------------+-------------------+


答案
select 
    Request_at as Day,
    round(sum(if(Status="completed",0,1))/count(Status),2) as "Cancellation Rate" 
from
( 
    select 
        *
    from 
        Trips a left join Users b 
    on 
        b.Banned = 'Yes' and 
        (a.Client_Id = b.Users_Id or a.Driver_Id = b.Users_Id)
    where 
        Role is null 
) t 
group by 
    Request_at 
having 
    Request_at >= '2013-10-01' and 
    Request_at <= '2013-10-03'

Employee 表包含所有员工信息，每个员工有其对应的 Id, salary 和 department Id。

+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| Id | Name  | Salary | DepartmentId |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| 1  | Joe   | 70000  | 1            |
| 2  | Jim   | 90000  | 1            |
| 3  | Henry | 80000  | 2            |
| 4  | Sam   | 60000  | 2            |
| 5  | Max   | 90000  | 1            |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
Department 表包含公司所有部门的信息。

+----+----------+
| Id | Name     |
+----+----------+
| 1  | IT       |
| 2  | Sales    |
+----+----------+
编写一个 SQL 查询，找出每个部门工资最高的员工。对于上述表，您的 SQL 查询应返回以下行（行的顺序无关紧要）。

+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT         | Max      | 90000  |
| IT         | Jim      | 90000  |
| Sales      | Henry    | 80000  |
+------------+----------+--------+
解释：
Max 和 Jim 在 IT 部门的工资都是最高的，Henry 在销售部的工资最高。

答案
select 
    Department,
    Employee,
    Salary 
from 
(
    select 
        dmt.Name as Department,
        emp.Name as Employee,
        emp.Salary,
    dense_rank() over
        (
            partition by emp.DepartmentId 
            order by emp.Salary DESC
        ) as _rank 
    from Employee emp left join Department dmt 
    on emp.DepartmentId = dmt.Id
) t
where _rank = 1 and Department != "" 

表：Stadium
+---------------+---------+
| Column Name   | Type    |
+---------------+---------+
| id            | int     |
| visit_date    | date    |
| people        | int     |
+---------------+---------+
visit_date 是表的主键
每日人流量信息被记录在这三列信息中：序号 (id)、日期 (visit_date)、 人流量 (people)
每天只有一行记录，日期随着 id 的增加而增加
 

编写一个 SQL 查询以找出每行的人数大于或等于 100 且 id 连续的三行或更多行记录。

返回按 visit_date 升序排列的结果表。

查询结果格式如下所示。

Stadium table:
+------+------------+-----------+
| id   | visit_date | people    |
+------+------------+-----------+
| 1    | 2017-01-01 | 10        |
| 2    | 2017-01-02 | 109       |
| 3    | 2017-01-03 | 150       |
| 4    | 2017-01-04 | 99        |
| 5    | 2017-01-05 | 145       |
| 6    | 2017-01-06 | 1455      |
| 7    | 2017-01-07 | 199       |
| 8    | 2017-01-09 | 188       |
+------+------------+-----------+

Result table:
+------+------------+-----------+
| id   | visit_date | people    |
+------+------------+-----------+
| 5    | 2017-01-05 | 145       |
| 6    | 2017-01-06 | 1455      |
| 7    | 2017-01-07 | 199       |
| 8    | 2017-01-09 | 188       |
+------+------------+-----------+
id 为 5、6、7、8 的四行 id 连续，并且每行都有 >= 100 的人数记录。
请注意，即使第 7 行和第 8 行的 visit_date 不是连续的，输出也应当包含第 8 行，因为我们只需要考虑 id 连续的记录。
不输出 id 为 2 和 3 的行，因为至少需要三条 id 连续的记录。

答案
with tmp as (
            select
                *,
                abs(cast(row_num as signed)-cast(id as signed)) rk
            from
                (
                    select
                        *,
                        row_number() over(partition by pid) row_num
                    from
                        (
                            select
                                *,
                                1 pid
                            from
                                Stadium
                            where people>=100
                        ) t1
                ) t2
            );

select
    id,
    visit_date,
    people
from
    tmp
where rk in (
    select rk from tmp group by rk having count(*)>=3
);