<!-- rabbitMQ 集成 spring boot -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--swagger-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--RabbitMQ 测试依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
创建两个队列 QA 和 QB,两者队列 TTL 分别设置为 10S 和 40S,然后在创建一个交换机 X 和死信交换机 Y,它们的类型都是 direct,创建一个死信队列 QD,它们的绑定关系如下:
package com.wlj.rabbitmq.sbmq.confing;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
/**
*@创建人 wlj
*@创建时间 2023/8/16
*@描述 MQ配置
*/
@Configuration
public class TtlQueueConfig {
//X交换机
public static final String X_EXCHANGE = "X";
//QA队列
public static final String QUEUE_A = "QA";
//QB队列
public static final String QUEUE_B = "QB";
//Y死信交换机
public static final String Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE = "Y";
//QD死信队列
public static final String DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE = "QD";
//声明x交换机
@Bean("xExchange")
public DirectExchange xExchange(){
return new DirectExchange(X_EXCHANGE);
}
//声明y交换机
@Bean("yExchange")
public DirectExchange yExchange(){
return new DirectExchange(Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
}
//声明QA队列 ttl为10秒 并绑定对应的死信交换机
@Bean("queueA")
public Queue queueA(){
HashMap args = new HashMap<>();
//声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
//声明当前队列的死信路由 key
args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
//声明队列的 TTL
args.put("x-message-ttl", 10000);
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_A).withArguments(args).build();
}
//声明QB队列 ttl为40秒 并绑定对应的死信交换机
@Bean("queueB")
public Queue queueB(){
HashMap args = new HashMap<>();
//声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
//声明当前队列的死信路由 key
args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
//声明队列的 TTL
args.put("x-message-ttl", 40000);
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_B).withArguments(args).build();
}
//设置队列QA 绑定交换机X
@Bean
public Binding queueaBindingX(@Qualifier("queueA")Queue queueA
,@Qualifier("xExchange")DirectExchange xExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA).to(xExchange).with("XA");
}
//设置队列QB 绑定交换机X
@Bean
public Binding queuebBindingX(@Qualifier("queueB")Queue queueB
,@Qualifier("xExchange")DirectExchange xExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueB).to(xExchange).with("XB");
}
//声明死信队列QD
@Bean("queueD")
public Queue queueD(){
return QueueBuilder.durable(DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE).build();
}
//死信队列和死信交换机绑定
@Bean
public Binding queuedBind(@Qualifier("queueD") Queue queueD,
@Qualifier("yExchange") DirectExchange yExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueD).to(yExchange).with("YD");
}
}
package com.wlj.rabbitmq.sbmq.confing.controller;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Date;
/**
*@创建人 wlj
*@创建时间 2023/8/16
*@描述 生产者controller
*/
@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("ttl")
public class MsgController {
@Resource
RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@GetMapping("/send/{msg}")
public void sendMsg(@PathVariable String msg){
log.info("当前时间:{},发送一条信息给两个 TTL 队列:{}", new Date(), msg);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X","XA","发送的消息,延时10秒: "+msg);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X","XB","发送的消息,延时40秒: "+msg);
}
}
package com.wlj.rabbitmq.sbmq.confing.dead;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
/**
*@创建人 wlj
*@创建时间 2023/8/16
*@描述 消费者
*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class DeadLetterQueueConsumer {
@RabbitListener(queues = "QD")
public void getMsg(Message msg, Channel channel){
System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
log.info("当前时间:{},收到死信队列信息{}", new Date().toString(), msg);
}
}
发送测试
http://localhost:8080/ttl/send/嘻嘻嘻
以上代码声明队列的时候,设置队列的延时时间是10秒和40秒,意味着所有进入队列的消息都是根据队列的延时时间的。这就会有一个问题,如果说业务需要延时20秒、15秒、一分钟、等等等等,难道都需要创建每一种延时队列吗?那岂不是要增加无数个队列才能满足需求。下面就进行优化延时队列
代码架构图
声明一个普通的队列,只需要在生产消息的时候设置消息的延时时间即可。
//声明普通队列QC代码
@Bean("queueC")
public Queue queueC(){
HashMap<String, Object> args = new HashMap<>();
//声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
//声明当前队列的死信路由 key
args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_C).withArguments(args).build();
}
//设置QC队列和X交换机绑定
@Bean
public Binding queuecBindX(@Qualifier("queueC")Queue queueC,
@Qualifier("xExchange")DirectExchange xExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueC).to(xExchange).with("XC");
}
@GetMapping("/send/{msg}/{ttl}")
public void sendMsgTtl(@PathVariable String msg,@PathVariable String ttl){
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X","XC",msg,correlationData->{
correlationData.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(ttl);
return correlationData;});
log.info("当前时间:{},发送一条时长{}毫秒 TTL 信息给队列 C:{}", new Date(),ttl, msg);
}
发送测试
http://localhost:8080/ttl/send/嘻嘻嘻/20000
http://localhost:8080/ttl/send/哈哈哈/2000
消息可能并不会按时“死亡“,因为 RabbitMQ 只会检查第一个消息是否过期,如果过期则丢到死信队列,
如果第一个消息的延时时长很长,而第二个消息的延时时长很短,第二个消息并不会优先得到执行。
Windows 安装MQ延时插件,请查看
Linux 安装MQ延时插件,请查看
延时队列是交换机进行把控消息的ttl。ttl到期才会发送到对应到队列
在这里新增了一个队列 delayed.queue,一个自定义交换机 delayed.exchange,绑定关系如下
package com.wlj.rabbitmq.sbmq.confing.plugins;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.HashMap;
/**
*@创建人 wlj
*@创建时间 2023/8/16
*@描述 基于插件实现延时消息发送
*/
@Component
public class DelayedQueueConfig {
//队列
public static final String DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME = "delayed.queue";
//交换机
public static final String DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME = "delayed.exchange";
//routingkey
public static final String DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY = "delayed.routingkey";
//声明队列
@Bean
public Queue delayedQueue(){
return QueueBuilder.durable(DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME).build();
}
/**
* 声明交换机
* 因为交换机的类型没有延时类型 所以使用自定义交换机
*/
@Bean
public CustomExchange delayedExchange(){
HashMap<String, Object> args = new HashMap<>();
//自定义交换机的类型
args.put("x-delayed-type", "direct");
// 对应参数: 交换机的名称 x-delayed-message说明是延时消息交换机 是否序列化 是否自动删除,参数
return new CustomExchange(DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME,"x-delayed-message",true,false,args);
}
//进行绑定
@Bean
public Binding bindingDelayedQueue(@Qualifier("delayedQueue") Queue queue,
@Qualifier("delayedExchange") CustomExchange
delayedExchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(delayedExchange).with(DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY).noargs();
}
}
public static final String DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME = "delayed.exchange";
public static final String DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY = "delayed.routingkey";
@GetMapping("sendDelayMsg/{message}/{delayTime}")
public void sendMsg(@PathVariable String message,@PathVariable Integer delayTime) {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(DELAYED_EXCHANGE_NAME, DELAYED_ROUTING_KEY, message,
correlationData ->{
correlationData.getMessageProperties().setDelay(delayTime);
return correlationData;
});
log.info(" 当 前 时 间 : {}, 发送一条延迟 {} 毫秒的信息给队列 delayed.queue:{}", new Date(),delayTime, message);
}
public static final String DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME = "delayed.queue";
@RabbitListener(queues = DELAYED_QUEUE_NAME)
public void receiveDelayedQueue(Message message){
String msg = new String(message.getBody());
log.info("当前时间:{},收到延时队列的消息:{}", new Date().toString(), msg);
}
http://localhost:8080/ttl/sendDelayMsg/qwer/20000
http://localhost:8080/ttl/sendDelayMsg/121212/2000