Android EventBus3.0+源码分析

EventBus,EventBus Index - apt

本文将从EventBus 创建 - > 注册--->发送消息--->解除注册 几个方面来读一下EventBus 3.0+ 的源码。
EventBus 简单订阅 (例如,在MainActivity.class ,注册String.class 类型的事件) 代码如下:

//MainActivity.class

  @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        //....
        
        EventBus.getDefault().register(this);
    }



//类中的,订阅方法, 事件类型为String
    @Subscribe(threadMode = ThreadMode.MAIN, priority = 100, sticky = false)
    public void onStringEvent(String eventString) {

    }

上面代码在别的地方发送 事件类型为 String.class 则会调用到 MainActivity#onStringEvent 方法。

一、EventBus 创建

EventBus.getDefault(); // 返回的是EventBus对象

这里的 EventBus.getDefault() 其实是拿到的EventBus对象,其中涉及到了一个 线程安全的单利模式,代码如下(参数解释标注在了注释中):

EventBus.java

static volatile EventBus defaultInstance;
//线程安全的单例模式
     public static EventBus getDefault() {
        if (defaultInstance == null) {
            synchronized (EventBus.class) {//加锁
                if (defaultInstance == null) {
                    defaultInstance = new EventBus();  //如果不存在,则去创建
                }
            }
        }
        return defaultInstance; 
    }

如果不存在,就走下面的创建方法:

EventBus.java

//创建过程
  EventBus(EventBusBuilder builder) {
      
        //private final Map, CopyOnWriteArrayList> subscriptionsByEventType;
        //key:订阅的事件,value:订阅这个事件的所有订阅者集合
        subscriptionsByEventType = new HashMap<>();

        //private final Map>> typesBySubscriber;
        //key:订阅者对象,value:这个订阅者订阅的事件集合
        typesBySubscriber = new HashMap<>();
        
        //粘性事件 key:粘性事件的class对象, value:事件对象
        //private final Map, Object> stickyEvents;
        stickyEvents = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
      
        //ui线程的 Handler
        mainThreadPoster = new HandlerPoster(this, Looper.getMainLooper(), 10);
      
        //Background 处理
        backgroundPoster = new BackgroundPoster(this);

        //异步事件处理
        asyncPoster = new AsyncPoster(this);

        indexCount = builder.subscriberInfoIndexes != null ? builder.subscriberInfoIndexes.size() : 0;
        subscriberMethodFinder = new SubscriberMethodFinder(builder.subscriberInfoIndexes,
                builder.strictMethodVerification, builder.ignoreGeneratedIndex);
        logSubscriberExceptions = builder.logSubscriberExceptions;
        logNoSubscriberMessages = builder.logNoSubscriberMessages;
        sendSubscriberExceptionEvent = builder.sendSubscriberExceptionEvent;
        sendNoSubscriberEvent = builder.sendNoSubscriberEvent;
        throwSubscriberException = builder.throwSubscriberException;
        eventInheritance = builder.eventInheritance;
        executorService = builder.executorService;
    }

二、EventBus注册

1,使用(下面的this,就是上面例子中的 MainActivity.class

//最常用的EventBus注册
EventBus.getDefault().register(this);

1.1 主要看 EventBus.java ->register()

EventBus.java

/**
     * 大概翻译一下,该方法上的注释的意思。
     * 1,记得调用 {@link #unregister(Object)} 进行注册解除
     * 2,订阅者,需要有一个包含 {@link Subscribe} 注解的方法。
     */
    public void register(Object subscriber) {
        //1,拿到订阅的class  上面例子中的 `MainActivity.class`
        Class subscriberClass = subscriber.getClass();
        //2,通过subscriberMethodFinder来找到订阅者订阅了哪些事件.返回一个SubscriberMethod对象的List,SubscriberMethod
        //里包含了这个方法的Method对象,以及将来响应订阅是在哪个线程的ThreadMode,以及订阅的事件类型eventType,以及订阅的优
        //先级priority,以及是否接收粘性sticky事件的boolean值.
        List subscriberMethods = subscriberMethodFinder.findSubscriberMethods(subscriberClass);
        synchronized (this) {
            //3,从步骤2得到的集合,说明一个类中可能有很多个订阅方法,在下面通过foreach依次 订阅。
            for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : subscriberMethods) {
                //
                subscribe(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
            }
        }
    }

1.2 跟到:SubscriberMethodFinder.java --> findSubscriberMethods()方法中,可以理解为:寻找到 类中所有带@Subscribe注解的方法

/**
 * METHOD_CACHE 本质是一个 key = class ,value = List 的线程安全的map集合。
 */
private static final Map, List> METHOD_CACHE = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

//-------------------------------------------------
List findSubscriberMethods(Class subscriberClass) {
        //METHOD_CACHE :缓存,先从缓存中获取
        List subscriberMethods = METHOD_CACHE.get(subscriberClass);
        if (subscriberMethods != null) {
            //如果不为null,说明之前缓存的Map集合中有,直接return,返回
            return subscriberMethods;
        }
        
        //ignoreGeneratedIndex  默认是 false
        if (ignoreGeneratedIndex) {
            // 使用反射方式获取(反射继续跟会到这个方法中:findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(findState);,在这个方法中,通过@Subscriber注解,找到相应的方法)
            subscriberMethods = findUsingReflection(subscriberClass);
        } else {
            // 使用SubscriberIndex方式获取
            subscriberMethods = findUsingInfo(subscriberClass);
        }
        if (subscriberMethods.isEmpty()) {
        //在这里也可以看到,如果没有一个  声明为 public + 含有 @Subscribe 的方法,就会抛异常!
            throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriberClass
                    + " and its super classes have no public methods with the  @Subscribe annotation");
        } else {
            //在这里,将传入的class 作为key,存到 subscriberMethods 中。
            METHOD_CACHE.put(subscriberClass, subscriberMethods);
            return subscriberMethods;
        }
    }

由于ignoreGeneratedIndex 默认是 false,则进入 else 中分析findUsingInfo() 方法:

private List findUsingInfo(Class subscriberClass) {
        FindState findState = prepareFindState();
        findState.initForSubscriber(subscriberClass);//初始化
        while (findState.clazz != null) {
            findState.subscriberInfo = getSubscriberInfo(findState);
            if (findState.subscriberInfo != null) {
                SubscriberMethod[] array = findState.subscriberInfo.getSubscriberMethods();
                for (SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod : array) {
                    if (findState.checkAdd(subscriberMethod.method, subscriberMethod.eventType)) {
                        findState.subscriberMethods.add(subscriberMethod);
                    }
                }
            } else {
                findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(findState);
            }
            findState.moveToSuperclass();
        }
        return getMethodsAndRelease(findState);
    }
  • getSubscriberInfo(findState); 该方法默认为null,因为,在 findState.initForSubscriber(subscriberClass) 初始化的时候,findState.subscriberInfo = null 第一个 if 判断不会走。subscriberInfoIndexes 涉及到了 apt ,默认也是 null (可以进入 EventBusBuilder # addIndex() 进行验证)
private SubscriberInfo getSubscriberInfo(FindState findState) {
        if (findState.subscriberInfo != null && findState.subscriberInfo.getSuperSubscriberInfo() != null) {
            SubscriberInfo superclassInfo = findState.subscriberInfo.getSuperSubscriberInfo();
            if (findState.clazz == superclassInfo.getSubscriberClass()) {
                return superclassInfo;
            }
        }
        if (subscriberInfoIndexes != null) {
            for (SubscriberInfoIndex index : subscriberInfoIndexes) {
                SubscriberInfo info = index.getSubscriberInfo(findState.clazz);
                if (info != null) {
                    return info;
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

1.3 继续看 findUsingReflectionInSingleClass , 找到 添加注解方法的核心(关键代码在注解中进行解释)

// SubscriberMethodFinder.java


private void findUsingReflectionInSingleClass(FindState findState) {
        Method[] methods;
        try {
            // 这里的 clazz 也就是平常我们写的类,如:MainActivity等等
            //反射,得到 类 方法的数组
            methods = findState.clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
        } catch (Throwable th) {
            // Workaround for java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError, see https://github.com/greenrobot/EventBus/issues/149
            methods = findState.clazz.getMethods();
            findState.skipSuperClasses = true;
        }
        //遍历方法,找到包含注解的方法 (上面例子中 `onStringEvent(String eventString)` 方法)
        for (Method method : methods) {
            int modifiers = method.getModifiers();
            //判断修饰符,是不是 public
            if ((modifiers & Modifier.PUBLIC) != 0 && (modifiers & MODIFIERS_IGNORE) == 0) {
                Class[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes();
                 //保证必须只有一个参数,其实就是注解方法中只能有一个事件(上面例子中的 String.class 类型)
                if (parameterTypes.length == 1) {
                     // 拿到注解
                    Subscribe subscribeAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(Subscribe.class);
                    if (subscribeAnnotation != null) {
                        Class eventType = parameterTypes[0];
                        if (findState.checkAdd(method, eventType)) {
                            ThreadMode threadMode = subscribeAnnotation.threadMode();
                            findState.subscriberMethods.add(new SubscriberMethod(method, eventType, threadMode,
                                    subscribeAnnotation.priority(), subscribeAnnotation.sticky()));
                        }
                    }
                } else if (strictMethodVerification && method.isAnnotationPresent(Subscribe.class)) {
                    String methodName = method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "." + method.getName();
                    throw new EventBusException("@Subscribe method " + methodName +
                            "must have exactly 1 parameter but has " + parameterTypes.length);
                }
            } else if (strictMethodVerification && method.isAnnotationPresent(Subscribe.class)) {
                String methodName = method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "." + method.getName();
                throw new EventBusException(methodName +
                        " is a illegal @Subscribe method: must be public, non-static, and non-abstract");
            }
        }
    }

总结
上面步骤主要做的是,找到订阅class中的订阅方法 SubscriberMethod,并保存。

继续分析 EventBus.java ->register() --> subscribe() 订阅方法

//这里的 subscriber(订阅者) 也就是 `MainActivity.class` , 
private void subscribe(Object subscriber, SubscriberMethod subscriberMethod) {
        //获取方法参数事件的 class ,例如上面例子的:`String.class`
        Class eventType = subscriberMethod.eventType;
        //创建Subscription对象
        Subscription newSubscription = new Subscription(subscriber, subscriberMethod);
        //从subscriptionsByEventType里检查是否已经添加过该Subscription,如果添加过就抛出异常
        CopyOnWriteArrayList subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventType);
        if (subscriptions == null) {
            subscriptions = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
            subscriptionsByEventType.put(eventType, subscriptions);
        } else {
            if (subscriptions.contains(newSubscription)) {
                throw new EventBusException("Subscriber " + subscriber.getClass() + " already registered to event "
                        + eventType);
            }
        }
        //根据优先级priority来添加Subscription对象,ps:优先级越大越靠前
        int size = subscriptions.size();
        for (int i = 0; i <= size; i++) {
            if (i == size || subscriberMethod.priority > subscriptions.get(i).subscriberMethod.priority) {
                subscriptions.add(i, newSubscription);
                break;
            }
        }
        //将订阅者对象以及订阅的事件保存到typesBySubscriber里.
        List> subscribedEvents = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber);
        if (subscribedEvents == null) {
            subscribedEvents = new ArrayList<>();
            typesBySubscriber.put(subscriber, subscribedEvents);
        }
        subscribedEvents.add(eventType);
        //如果接收sticky事件,立即分发sticky事件
        if (subscriberMethod.sticky) {
            //eventInheritance 表示是否分发订阅了响应事件类父类事件的方法
            if (eventInheritance) {
                // 
                Set, Object>> entries = stickyEvents.entrySet();
                for (Map.Entry, Object> entry : entries) {
                    Class candidateEventType = entry.getKey();
                    if (eventType.isAssignableFrom(candidateEventType)) {
                        Object stickyEvent = entry.getValue();
                        checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent);
                    }
                }
            } else {
                Object stickyEvent = stickyEvents.get(eventType);
                checkPostStickyEventToSubscription(newSubscription, stickyEvent);
            }
        }
    }
  • Map, CopyOnWriteArrayList> subscriptionsByEventType;:key:代表的是事件类型,如String.class;value:线程安全的List,保存的是一组订阅该(String.class)事件的订阅。通俗来说就是:String.class 事件可能被 A B C...等等类订阅,这个List就是订阅String.class所有集合。
    完成以上过程就完成了注册过程。

  • 黏性事件,在EventBus # subscribe 方法中,如果sticky = true,则会直接调用该类中的sticky = true订阅方法,具体实现在EventBus # checkPostStickyEventToSubscription 方法中。
    注意:黏性事件,如果不需要接收,则需要调用 EventBus.getDefault().removeStickyEvent() 进行事件移除,否则每次进入该页面,都会收到该事件。

https://www.jianshu.com/p/f057c460c77e .png

三、EventBus 事件发送过程

EventBus 通过调用 post(普通事件)、postSticky(粘性事件) 来发送事件。

image.png

EventBus.java

    public void post(Object event) {
        //获得当前发送线程相关状态(ThreadLocal保证线程安全)
        PostingThreadState postingState = currentPostingThreadState.get();
        //将事件添加到队列中
        List eventQueue = postingState.eventQueue;
        eventQueue.add(event);

        if (!postingState.isPosting) {
            postingState.isMainThread = Looper.getMainLooper() == Looper.myLooper();
            postingState.isPosting = true;
            if (postingState.canceled) {
                throw new EventBusException("Internal error. Abort state was not reset");
            }
            try {
                //一直将队列中发送完
                while (!eventQueue.isEmpty()) {
                    //发送单个事件
                    postSingleEvent(eventQueue.remove(0), postingState);
                }
            } finally {
                postingState.isPosting = false;
                postingState.isMainThread = false;
            }
        }
    }
 
 

注意:这里的 PostingThreadState 是通过 ThreadLocal(一个线程内部的数据存储类,通过它可以在指定的线程中存储数据) 来获取每个线程中的 PostingThreadState 状态。

继续看发送事件的方法:

EventBus.java

private void postSingleEvent(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState) throws Error {
        Class eventClass = event.getClass();
        boolean subscriptionFound = false;
        //是否触发订阅了该事件(eventClass)的父类,以及接口的类的响应方法
        if (eventInheritance) { // 这个变量默认为 true
            //查找eventClass类所有的父类以及接口
            List> eventTypes = lookupAllEventTypes(eventClass);
            int countTypes = eventTypes.size();
            //循环postSingleEventForEventType
            for (int h = 0; h < countTypes; h++) {
                Class clazz = eventTypes.get(h);
                //只要右边有一个为true,subscriptionFound就为true
                subscriptionFound |= postSingleEventForEventType(event, postingState, clazz);
            }
        } else {
            //post单个
            subscriptionFound = postSingleEventForEventType(event, postingState, eventClass);
        }
        //如果没发现,订阅者
        if (!subscriptionFound) {
            if (logNoSubscriberMessages) {
                Log.d(TAG, "No subscribers registered for event " + eventClass);
            }
            if (sendNoSubscriberEvent && eventClass != NoSubscriberEvent.class &&
                    eventClass != SubscriberExceptionEvent.class) {
                //发送一个NoSubscriberEvent事件,如果我们需要处理这种状态,接收这个事件就可以了
                post(new NoSubscriberEvent(this, event));
            }
        }
    }

postSingleEventForEventType 方法:


 private boolean postSingleEventForEventType(Object event, PostingThreadState postingState, Class eventClass) {
        CopyOnWriteArrayList subscriptions;
        //获取订阅了这个事件的Subscription列表.(这里的 eventClass,对应上面的`String.class`)
        synchronized (this) {
            subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventClass);
        }
        //判断订阅者是否为null
        if (subscriptions != null && !subscriptions.isEmpty()) {
            for (Subscription subscription : subscriptions) {
                postingState.event = event;
                postingState.subscription = subscription;
                //是否被中断
                boolean aborted = false;
                try {
                    //分发给订阅者
                    postToSubscription(subscription, event, postingState.isMainThread);
                    aborted = postingState.canceled;
                } finally {
                    postingState.event = null;
                    postingState.subscription = null;
                    postingState.canceled = false;
                }
                if (aborted) {
                    break;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    //将事件 post给具体的订阅者,涉及到线程切换
    private void postToSubscription(Subscription subscription, Object event, boolean isMainThread) {
        switch (subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode) {
            case POSTING:
                invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
                break;
            case MAIN:
                if (isMainThread) {
                    invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
                } else {
                    mainThreadPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
                }
                break;
            case BACKGROUND:
                if (isMainThread) {
                    backgroundPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
                } else {
                    invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);
                }
                break;
            case ASYNC:
                asyncPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);
                break;
            default:
                throw new IllegalStateException("Unknown thread mode: " + subscription.subscriberMethod.threadMode);
        }
    }

invokeSubscriber 方法:

 void invokeSubscriber(Subscription subscription, Object event) {
        try {
            subscription.subscriberMethod.method.invoke(subscription.subscriber, event);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            handleSubscriberException(subscription, event, e.getCause());
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected exception", e);
        }
    }

subscriptionsByEventType 获得订阅这个 事件(event) 的 Subscription订阅者列表,通过 postToSubscription 方法将事件分发给订阅者,这个方法中涉及到了线程的不同,最后是通过反射调用了 invoke 订阅者的方法

其中 ThreadMode 是一个枚举类,包含四种类型:

image.png

  • POSTING:默认的 ThreadMode,表示在执行 Post 操作的线程直接调用订阅者的事件响应方法,不论该线程是否为主线程(UI 线程)。当该线程为主线程时,响应方法中不能有耗时操作,否则有卡主线程的风险。适用场景:对于是否在主线程执行无要求,但若 Post 线程为主线程,不能耗时的操作;
  • MAIN:在主线程中执行响应方法。如果发布线程就是主线程,则直接调用订阅者的事件响应方法,否则通过主线程的 Handler 发送消息在主线程中处理——调用订阅者的事件响应函数。显然,MainThread类的方法也不能有耗时操作,以避免卡主线程。适用场景:必须在主线程执行的操作;
  • BACKGROUND:在后台线程中执行响应方法。如果发布线程不是主线程,则直接调用订阅者的事件响应函数,否则启动唯一的后台线程去处理。由于后台线程是唯一的,当事件超过一个的时候,它们会被放在队列中依次执行,因此该类响应方法虽然没有PostThread类和MainThread类方法对性能敏感,但最好不要有重度耗时的操作或太频繁的轻度耗时操作,以造成其他操作等待。适用场景:操作轻微耗时且不会过于频繁,即一般的耗时操作都可以放在这里;
  • ASYNC:不论发布线程是否为主线程,都使用一个空闲线程来处理。和BackgroundThread不同的是,Async类的所有线程是相互独立的,因此不会出现卡线程的问题。适用场景:长耗时操作,例如网络访问。

Poster 包含Poster、BackgroundPoster、AsyncPosterpostToSubscription 方法中也起了重要作用,简单分析一下mainThreadPoster.enqueue(subscription, event);

//EventBus.java
private final Poster mainThreadPoster;

//创建
mainThreadPoster = mainThreadSupport != null ? mainThreadSupport.createPoster(this) : null;

MainThreadSupport 是一个接口,实现类为: AndroidHandlerMainThreadSupport

public interface MainThreadSupport {

    boolean isMainThread();

    Poster createPoster(EventBus eventBus);

    class AndroidHandlerMainThreadSupport implements MainThreadSupport {

        private final Looper looper;

        //这里传入的是 主线程的Looper
        public AndroidHandlerMainThreadSupport(Looper looper) {
            this.looper = looper;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isMainThread() {
            return looper == Looper.myLooper();
        }

        @Override
        public Poster createPoster(EventBus eventBus) {
            return new HandlerPoster(eventBus, looper, 10); //重点
        }
    }

}

上述代码重点在 new HandlerPoster(eventBus, looper, 10);

public class HandlerPoster extends Handler implements Poster {

    private final PendingPostQueue queue;
    private final int maxMillisInsideHandleMessage;
    private final EventBus eventBus;
    private boolean handlerActive;

    protected HandlerPoster(EventBus eventBus, Looper looper, int maxMillisInsideHandleMessage) {
        super(looper);
        this.eventBus = eventBus;
        this.maxMillisInsideHandleMessage = maxMillisInsideHandleMessage;
        queue = new PendingPostQueue();
    }

    public void enqueue(Subscription subscription, Object event) {
        PendingPost pendingPost = PendingPost.obtainPendingPost(subscription, event);
        synchronized (this) {
            queue.enqueue(pendingPost);
            if (!handlerActive) {
                handlerActive = true;
                if (!sendMessage(obtainMessage())) {
                    throw new EventBusException("Could not send handler message");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
        boolean rescheduled = false;
        try {
            long started = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
            while (true) {
                PendingPost pendingPost = queue.poll();
                if (pendingPost == null) {
                    synchronized (this) {
                        // Check again, this time in synchronized
                        pendingPost = queue.poll();
                        if (pendingPost == null) {
                            handlerActive = false;
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                }
                eventBus.invokeSubscriber(pendingPost);
                long timeInMethod = SystemClock.uptimeMillis() - started;
                if (timeInMethod >= maxMillisInsideHandleMessage) {
                    if (!sendMessage(obtainMessage())) {
                        throw new EventBusException("Could not send handler message");
                    }
                    rescheduled = true;
                    return;
                }
            }
        } finally {
            handlerActive = rescheduled;
        }
    }
}

HandlerPoster 需要关注的有:

  • 该类是通过 Handler 机制来实现。
  • HandlerPoster # enqueue 方法,将事件添加到了队列中,并通过handler发送message ,通知 handleMessage进行处理(此时线程达到了切换)。
  • handleMessage中,处理消息, 比较关键的代码是eventBus.invokeSubscriber(pendingPost);
//EventBus.java
 void invokeSubscriber(PendingPost pendingPost) {
        Object event = pendingPost.event; // 这里的event,对应时间,也就是上面的 String.class
        Subscription subscription = pendingPost.subscription;
        PendingPost.releasePendingPost(pendingPost);
        if (subscription.active) {
            invokeSubscriber(subscription, event);//通过反射,调用方法
        }
    }
https://www.jianshu.com/p/f057c460c77e .png

四、EventBus 反注册

简单来说,就是把订阅者从 typesBySubscriber 移除,下次再发送消息的时候,就不会通知了。

EventBus.java

 /** Unregisters the given subscriber from all event classes. */
    public synchronized void unregister(Object subscriber) {
        List> subscribedTypes = typesBySubscriber.get(subscriber);
        //查找订阅事件类型
        if (subscribedTypes != null) {
            for (Class eventType : subscribedTypes) {
                //分别类中的每种类型
                unsubscribeByEventType(subscriber, eventType);
            }
            //从 typesBySubscriber  移除
            typesBySubscriber.remove(subscriber);
        } else {
            Log.w(TAG, "Subscriber to unregister was not registered before: " + subscriber.getClass());
        }
    }

unsubscribeByEventType 方法:

/** Only updates subscriptionsByEventType, not typesBySubscriber! Caller must update typesBySubscriber. */
    private void unsubscribeByEventType(Object subscriber, Class eventType) {
        List subscriptions = subscriptionsByEventType.get(eventType);
        if (subscriptions != null) {
            int size = subscriptions.size();
            //取消订阅
            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                Subscription subscription = subscriptions.get(i);
                if (subscription.subscriber == subscriber) {
                    subscription.active = false;
                    subscriptions.remove(i);
                    i--;
                    size--;
                }
            }
        }
    }

参考:https://www.jianshu.com/p/f057c460c77e

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