django-admin startproejct mysite
cd mysite
pyton manage.py runserver
浏览器访问:http://127.0.0.1:8000
python manage.py startapp polls
编辑polls/views.py
====
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
return HttpResponse('This is polls home page.')
====|
新建polls/urls.py
====
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.index, name='index'),
]
====|
编辑mysite/urls.py
====
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path('polls/', include('polls.urls')),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
====|
python manage.py runserver 80001
浏览器访问:http://127.0.0.1:8001
==================================================================================================================================
了解mysite/settings.py
DATABASES:
ENGINE:'django.db.backends.sqlite3','django.db.backends.mysql','django.db.backends.postgresql','django.db.backends.oracle'
INSTALLED_APPS:
django.contrib.admin - 管理员站点
django.contrib.auth - 认证授权系统
django.contrib.contenttypes - 内容类型框架
django.contrib.sessions - 会话框架
django.contrib.messages - 消息框架
django.contrib.staticfiles - 管理静态文件的框架
python manage.py migrate
编辑polls/models.py
====
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
class Question(models.Model):
question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date pulished')
class Choice(models.Model):
question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
vote = models.IntegerField(default=0)
====|
编辑mysite/settings.py
====
INSTALLED_APPS = ['polls.apps.PollsConfig']
====|
python manage.py makemigrations polls
python manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001
python manage.py migrate
python manage.pyt shell
from polls.models import Question, Choice
from django.utils import timezone
Question.objects.all()
q = Question(question_text='what is up?', pub_date=timezone.now())
q.save()
Question.objects.all()
编辑polls/models.py
====
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
class Question(models.Model):
question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
def __str__(self):
return self.question_text
class Choice(models.Model):
question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)
def __str__(self):
return self.choice_text
====|
python manage.py shell
from polls.models import Question, Choice
Question.objects.all()
编辑polls/models.py
====
import datetime
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
class Question(models.Model):
question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date pulished')
def was_pulished_recently(self):
return self.pub_date >= timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
def __str__(self):
return self.question_text
class Choice(models.Model):
question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)
def __str__(self):
return self.choice_text
====|
python manage.py shell
from polls.models import Question, Choice
q = Question.objects.get(pk=1)
q.question_text
q.pub_date
q.was_pulished_recently()
from django.utils import timezone
current_year = timezone.now().year
Question.objects.get(pub_date__year=current_year)
q.choice_set.all()
q.choice_set.create(choice_text='Not much', votes=0)
q.choice_set.create(choice_text='The sky', votes=0)
c = q.choice_set.create(choice_text='Just hacking again', votes=0)
c.question
q.choice_set.all()
q.choice_set.couter()
Choice.objects.filter(question__pub_date__year=current_year)
c = q.choice_set.filter(choice_text__startswith='Just hacking')
c.delete()
python manage.py createsuperuser
python manage.py runserver
编辑polls/admin.py
====
from django.contriab import admin
from .models import Question, Choice
admin.site.register(Question)
admin.site.register(Choice)
====|
python manage.py runserver
==================================================================================================================================
编辑polls/views.py
====
from django.http import HttpRespone
def index(request):
return HttpResponse('This is a index page.')
def detail(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at detail Question %s.'%question_id)
def results(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at results Question %s.'%question_id)
def vote(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at vote Question %s.'%question_id)
====|
编辑polls/urls.py
====
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.index, name='index'),
path('/', views.detail, name='detail'),
path('/results', views.results, name='results'),
path('/vote', views.vote, name='vote')
]
====|
python manage.py runserver
浏览器:http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/
浏览器:http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/1
浏览器:http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/1/results
浏览器:http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/1/vote
编辑polls/views.py
====
from django.http import HttpResponse
from .models import Question
def index(request):
last_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
output = ','.join([q.question_text for q in last_question_list])
return HttpResponse(output)
def detail(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at detail Question %s.'%question_id)
def results(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at results Question %s.'%question_id)
def vote(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at vote Question %s.'%question_id)
====|
python manage.py runserver
浏览器:http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/
编辑polls/views.py
====
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template import loader
from .models import Question
def index(request):
last_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
template = loader.get_template('polls/index.html')
context = {
'last_question_list': last_question_list
}
return HttpResponse(template.render(context, request))
def detail(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at detail Question %s.'%question_id)
def results(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at results Question %s.'%question_id)
def vote(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at vote Question %s.'%question_id)
====|
新建polls/templates/polls/index.html
====
{% if last_question_list %}
{% for question in last_question_list %}
- {{ question.question_text}}
{% endfor %}
{% else %}
No polls.
{% endif %}
====|
python manage.py runserver
浏览器:http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/
编辑polls/views.py
====
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Question
from django.http import HttpReponse
def index(request):
last_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
context = {
'last_question_list': last_question_list
}
return render(request, 'polls/index.html', context)
def detail(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at detail Question %s.'%question_id)
def results(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at results Question %s.'%question_id)
def vote(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at vote Question %s.'%question_id)
====|
python manage.py runserver
浏览器:http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls
新建polls/templates/polls/detail.html
====
{{ question.question_text }}
{% for choice in question.choice_set.all %}
- {{ choice.choice_text }}
{% endfor %}
====|
编辑polls/views.py
====
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Question
from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404
def index(request):
last_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
context = {
'last_question_list': last_question_list
}
return render(request, 'polls/index.html', context)
def detail(request, question_id):
try:
question = Qustion.objects.get(pk=question_id)
except:
raise Http404('The question not exists.')
return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', {'question': question})
def results(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at results Question %s.'%question_id)
def vote(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at vote Question %s.'%question_id)
====|
python manage.py runserver
浏览器:http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/1
编辑polls/views.py
====
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render
from .models import Question
def index(request):
last_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
context = {
'last_question_list': last_question_list
}
return render(requst, 'polls/index.html', context)
def detail(request, question_id):
question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', {'question': question})
def results(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at results Question %s.'%question_id)
def vote(request, question_id):
return HttpResponse('Your are looking at vote Question %s.'%question_id)
====|
python manage.py runserver
浏览器:http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/1
编辑polls/templates/polls/index.html
====
{% if last_question_list %}
{% for question in last_question_list %}
- {{ question.question_text }}
{% endfor %}
{% else %}
no polls.
{% endif %}
====|
python manage.py runserver
浏览器:http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/1
编辑polls/urls.py
====
from django.urls import path
from . import views
app_name = 'polls'
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.index, name='index'),
path('/', views.detail, name='detail'),
path('/results/', views.results, name='results'),
path('/vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),
]
====|
编辑polls/templates/polls/index.html
====
{% if last_question_list %}
{% for question in last_question_list %}
- {{ question.quetion_text }}
{% endfor %}
{% else %}
no polls.
{% endif %}
====|
