阿里云部署Hbase集群

安装环境

主机	ip	操作系统
master	10.30.45.239	centos7.4
slave1	10.31.155.33	centos7.4
slave2	10.81.233.67	centos7.4

阿里云3台ecs搭建一个小型的hbase分布式数据存储（这里的ip都是内网）。一台作为主master两台作为从slave。

安装步骤

• 安装vim编辑器
• 安装ssh
• 配置ssh免密码登陆
• 安装jdk
• 安装hadoop
• 安装zookeeper
• 安装时间同步服务 NTP
• 安装hbase

准备工作

版本

centos7.4 内核为3.10
Hadoop 2.8.3
Hbase 1.2.6
Zookeeper 3.4.10
Sqoop 1.4.7
Phoenix 4.13.1

修改hostname

# vim /etc/hostname 
输入自定义主机名 ,三台都要改

修改hosts文件

分别登陆三台主机，修改hosts

vim /etc/hosts
--添加以下信息（三台都要改）
10.30.45.239 master
10.31.155.33 slave1
10.81.233.67 slave2

登陆master，下载所有安装包

--下载jdk8u31
 wget --no-check-certificate --no-cookies --header "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz

-- 下载 hadoop-2.8.3
wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.8.3/hadoop-2.8.3.tar.gz

--下载hbase 1.2.6
wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/hbase/1.2.6/hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz

--下载zookeeper 3.4.10
wget http://apache.claz.org/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.10/zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz

--下载phoenix4.13.1
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/phoenix/apache-phoenix-4.13.1-HBase-1.2/bin/apache-phoenix-4.13.1-HBase-1.2-bin.tar.gz

--下载sqoop1.4.7
wget http://mirror.cogentco.com/pub/apache/sqoop/1.4.7/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz

写这篇文章的时候是2018年4月。适当选择稳定的版本安装。下载官网如下：

• jdk ： http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
• hadoop：http://hadoop.apache.org/releases.html
• hbase: http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua/hbase/
• zookeeper: http://zookeeper.apache.org/releases.html
• sqoop: http://sqoop.apache.org
• phoenix: https://phoenix.apache.org/

设置3台ecs之间免密登陆

方便后期之间文件复制。

# # slave1
# ssh-keygen -t rsa
-- 不用输入密码，一路回车就行
# cp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/slave1_id_rsa.pub
# scp ~/.ssh/slave1_id_rsa.pub master:~/.ssh/

# # slave2
# ssh-keygen -t rsa
# cp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ~/.ssh/slave2_id_rsa.pub
# scp ~/.ssh/slave2_id_rsa.pub master:~/.ssh/

# # master
ssh-keygen -t rsa
# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
# cat ~/.ssh/slave1_id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
# cat ~/.ssh/slave2_id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_kyes
-- 拷贝文件至slave1及slave2
# scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys slave1:~/.ssh
# scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys slave2:~/.ssh

关闭防火墙及SELINUX（master、slave1、slave2均需修改）

-- 关闭防火墙
# systemctl stop firewalld.service
# systemctl disable firewalld.service

-- 关闭SELINUX
# vim /etc/selinux/config
-- 注释掉
#SELINUX=enforcing
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted
-- 添加
SELINUX=disabled

设置时间同步

这里省略，第一我懒得配，第二阿里云有自动同步

安装jdk

登陆master
-- 解压jdk安装包
# mkdir /usr/java
# tar -zxvf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/java

-- 拷贝jdk至slave1及slave2中
# scp -r /usr/java slave1:/usr
# scp -r /usr/java slave2:/usr

-- 设置jdk环境变量（master、slave1、slave2均需修改）
# vim /etc/environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131
JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131/jre

# vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

搭建Hadoop环境

解压安装

登陆master
# tar -zxvf hadoop-2.8.3-x64.tar.gz -C /usr
# cd /usr/hadoop-2.8.3
# mkdir tmp logs hdf hdf/data hdf/name

修改Hadoop配置文件

-- 修改 slaves 文件
# vim /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/slaves
-- 删除 localhost，添加
slave1
slave2

-- 修改 core-site.xml 文件
# vim /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
-- 在 configuration 节点中添加以下内容

    fs.default.name
    hdfs://master:9000


    hadoop.tmp.dir
    file:/usr/hadoop-2.8.3/tmp


-- 修改 hdfs-site.xml 文件
# vim /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
-- 在 configuration 节点添加以下内容

    dfs.datanode.data.dir
    /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/hdf/data
    true


    dfs.namenode.name.dir
    /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/hdf/name
    true


-- 修改 mapred-site.xml 文件
# cp /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
# vim /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
-- 在 configuration 节点添加以下内容

    mapreduce.framework.name
    yarn


    mapreduce.jobhistory.address
    master:10020


    mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address
    master:19888


-- 修改 yarn-site.xml 文件
# vim /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml
-- 在 configuration 节点添加以下内容

    yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class
    org.apache.mapred.ShuffleHandler


    yarn.resourcemanager.address
    master:8032


    yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address
    master:8030


    yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address
    master:8031


    yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address
    master:8033


    yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address
    master:8088

复制hadoop到slave节点

# scp -r /usr/hadoop-2.8.3 slave1:/usr
# scp -r /usr/hadoop-2.8.3 slave2:/usr

配置 master 和 slave 的 hadoop 环境变量

# vim /etc/profile
-- 添加如下内容
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/hadoop-2.8.3
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$PATH
export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=/usr/hadoop-2.8.3/logs
export YARN_LOG_DIR=$HADOOP_LOG_DIR

-- 保存后执行
# source /etc/profile

# vim ~/.bashrc
-- 添加如下内容
export HADOOP_PREFIX=/usr/hadoop-2.8.3/

-- 保存后执行
# source ~/.bashrc

格式化 namenode

# /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/sbin/hdfs namenode -format

启动 hadoop（仅在master节点执行）

# ssh master
# /usr/hadoop-2.8.3/sbin/start-all.sh

到这一步已经成功完成了hadoop环境的搭建

Zookeeper环境搭建

解压缩 zookeeper 安装包到master，并建立基本目录

# tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz -C /usr
# mkdir /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data

修改master配置文件

-- 复制配置文件模板
# cp /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf/zoo-sample.cfg /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf/zoo.cfg

-- 修改配置文件
# vim /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/conf/zoo.cfg
-- 添加如下内容
dataDir=/usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data
server.1=master:2888:3888
server.2=slave1:2888:3888
server.3=slave2:2888:3888

复制到各个子节点

# scp -r /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10 slave1:/usr
# scp -r /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10 slave2:/usr

创建myid文件

-- master节点添加myid文件
# ssh master
# touch /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid
# echo 1 > /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid

-- slave1节点添加myid文件
# ssh slave1
# touch /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid
# echo 2 > /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid

-- slave2节点添加myid文件
# ssh slave2
# touch /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid
# echo 3 > /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data/myid

启动zookeeper（master、slave1、slave2均需执行）

-- 启动master
# ssh master
# cd /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin
# ./zkServer.sh start

-- 启动slave1
# ssh slave1
# cd /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin
# ./zkServer.sh start

-- 启动slave2
# ssh slave2
# cd /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin
# ./zkServer.sh start

到这一步完成了zookeeper环境的搭建

HBase环境搭建

解压缩hbase安装包

# tar -zxvf hbase-1.2.6-bin.star.gz -C /usr
# mkdir /usr/hbase-1.2.6-bin/logs

修改Hbase启动时要使用的环境变量（hbase-env.sh）

-- 打开环境变量配置文件
# vim /usr/hbase-1.2.6/conf/hbase-env.sh

-- 添加如下内容
-- 1、设置java安装路径
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131
-- 2、设置hbase的日志地址
export HBASE_LOG_DIR=${HBASE_HOME}/logs
-- 3、设置是否使用hbase管理zookeeper（因使用zookeeper管理的方式，故此参数设置为false）
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false
-- 4、设置hbase的pid文件存放路径
export HBASE_PID_DIR=/var/hadoop/pids

添加所有的region服务器到regionservers文件中

– 打开regionservers配置文件

# vim /usr/hbase-1.2.5/conf/regionservers

-- 删除localhost，新增如下内容
master
slave1
slave2

注：hbase在启动或关闭时会依次迭代访问每一行来启动或关闭所有的region服务器进程

修改Hbase集群的基本配置信息（hbase-site.xml），该配置将会覆盖Hbase的默认配置

-- 打开配置文件
# vim /usr/hbase-1.2.6/conf/hbase-site.xml

-- 在configuration节点下添加如下内容


    hbase.rootdir
    hdfs://master:9000/hbase


    hbase.cluster.distributed
    true


    hbase.zookeeper.quorum
    master,slave1,slave2


    hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir
    /usr/zookeeper-3.4.10/data


    hbase.master
    hdfs://master:60000

复制hbase到slave中

# scp -r /usr/hbase-1.2.6 slave1:/usr
# scp -r /usr/hbase-1.2.6 slave2:/usr

启动hbase（仅在master节点上执行即可）

# ssh master
# /usr/hbase-1.2.5/bin/start-hbase.sh

到这一步hbase环境搭建完成

本地测试

使用Habse shell连接Hbase

cd /usr/hbase-1.2.6/bin/
./hbase shell

./hbase shell

创建user1表

create 'user1','personalinfo'

create

对user1简单CURD

插入

put 'user1','roow1','personalinfo:name','zhangsan'

put

查询

get 'user1','row1','personalinfo:name'

get

其他命令 help查询就好

hbase(main):001:0> help
HBase Shell, version 1.2.6, rUnknown, Mon May 29 02:25:32 CDT 2017
Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g. 'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specific command.
Commands are grouped. Type 'help "COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on a command group.

COMMAND GROUPS:
  Group name: general
  Commands: status, table_help, version, whoami

  Group name: ddl
  Commands: alter, alter_async, alter_status, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, get_table, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, locate_region, show_filters

  Group name: namespace
  Commands: alter_namespace, create_namespace, describe_namespace, drop_namespace, list_namespace, list_namespace_tables

  Group name: dml
  Commands: append, count, delete, deleteall, get, get_counter, get_splits, incr, put, scan, truncate, truncate_preserve

  Group name: tools
  Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer, balancer_enabled, catalogjanitor_enabled, catalogjanitor_run, catalogjanitor_switch, close_region, compact, compact_rs, flush, major_compact, merge_region, move, normalize, normalizer_enabled, normalizer_switch, split, trace, unassign, wal_roll, zk_dump

  Group name: replication
  Commands: add_peer, append_peer_tableCFs, disable_peer, disable_table_replication, enable_peer, enable_table_replication, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer, remove_peer_tableCFs, set_peer_tableCFs, show_peer_tableCFs

  Group name: snapshots
  Commands: clone_snapshot, delete_all_snapshot, delete_snapshot, list_snapshots, restore_snapshot, snapshot

  Group name: configuration
  Commands: update_all_config, update_config

  Group name: quotas
  Commands: list_quotas, set_quota

  Group name: security
  Commands: grant, list_security_capabilities, revoke, user_permission

  Group name: procedures
  Commands: abort_procedure, list_procedures

  Group name: visibility labels
  Commands: add_labels, clear_auths, get_auths, list_labels, set_auths, set_visibility

SHELL USAGE:
Quote all names in HBase Shell such as table and column names.  Commas delimit
command parameters.  Type  after entering a command to run it.
Dictionaries of configuration used in the creation and alteration of tables are
Ruby Hashes. They look like this:

  {'key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2', ...}

and are opened and closed with curley-braces.  Key/values are delimited by the
'=>' character combination.  Usually keys are predefined constants such as
NAME, VERSIONS, COMPRESSION, etc.  Constants do not need to be quoted.  Type
'Object.constants' to see a (messy) list of all constants in the environment.

If you are using binary keys or values and need to enter them in the shell, use
double-quote'd hexadecimal representation. For example:

  hbase> get 't1', "key\x03\x3f\xcd"
  hbase> get 't1', "key\003\023\011"
  hbase> put 't1', "test\xef\xff", 'f1:', "\x01\x33\x40"

The HBase shell is the (J)Ruby IRB with the above HBase-specific commands added.
For more on the HBase Shell, see http://hbase.apache.org/book.html