XML知识总结(C#和.NET2.0实战学习笔记)

XML知识总结(C#和.NET2.0实战学习笔记)

1、 XML的元素的属性也可包括数据：

2、 使用<!---title-à插入注释

3、 XSD schema类型化XML文档及数据

4、 Xpath，相当于XML的sql语句

5、 XSLT样式表 是一种允许使用xml文档中的数据区生成新文档的语言，输出的文档可以是HTML，XML文档或任何简单的文本文档。

 

6、 XQuery目标与XSLT的目标是一样的。即把XML文档转换成另一文本文档。输出文档不一定是XML文档。这一功能看作是一种对XML文档进行查询操作的方法，因而得名XQuery，.net2.0并不支持XQuery1.0，但sql server2005支持使用Xquery的一个子集查询数据库中的XML数据

7、 使用XMLReader读取XML数据的一个实例：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    classProgram

    {

        staticvoid Main ()

        {

            XmlReaderxtr = XmlReader.Create(@"C:\books.xml");

            stringsIndent = string.Empty;

            stringsElem = string.Empty;

            while(xtr.Read())

            {

                if (xtr.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element)

                {

                    sIndent = string.Empty;

                    for (int i = 0; i< xtr.Depth; i++) sIndent += "   ";

                    sElem =xtr.Name;

                    if (xtr.MoveToFirstAttribute())

                        do

                            Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}Attr:{2}",

                                             sIndent, sElem, xtr.Value);

                        while (xtr.MoveToNextAttribute());

                }

                else if (xtr.NodeType== XmlNodeType.Text)

                    Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}Val:{2}", sIndent, sElem, xtr.Value);

            }

        }

    }

}

8、 使用XMLWriter类编辑数据

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    classProgram

    {

        staticvoid Main ()

        {

            XmlTextWriterxtw = new XmlTextWriter(@"C:\book2.xml", Encoding.UTF8);

            xtw.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;

            xtw.WriteStartDocument(true);

            xtw.WriteStartElement("books");

            xtw.WriteStartElement("book");

            xtw.WriteAttributeString("ISBN", "10-097661322-0");

            xtw.WriteElementString("title", "Pratical.NET and C#");

            xtw.WriteEndElement();

            xtw.WriteEndElement();

            xtw.WriteEndDocument();

            xtw.Flush();

            xtw.Close();

        }

    }

}

 

9、 使用XmlDocument类装载和遍历XML文档到内存中

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    publicclass Program

    {

        staticvoid DisplayNode(XmlNodexNode, string sIndent)

        {

            Console.WriteLine("{0}Node: {1}({2})",

                             sIndent, xNode.Name, xNode.Value);

            if(xNode.Attributes != null)

                foreach (XmlAttributexAtt in xNode.Attributes)

                    Console.WriteLine("{0}Attribute: {1}", sIndent, xAtt.Value);

            if(xNode.HasChildNodes)

                foreach (XmlNode_xNode in xNode.ChildNodes)

                   DisplayNode(_xNode, sIndent + "   ");

        }

        staticpublic void Main ()

        {

            XmlDocumentxDoc = new XmlDocument();

            try{ xDoc.Load(@"C:\books.xml"); }

            catch{ }

            foreach(XmlNode xNode inxDoc.ChildNodes)

                DisplayNode(xNode, string.Empty);

        }

    }

}

 

10、             使用XMLDOCUMENT类验证XML文档

using System;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

using System.Xml.XPath;

public class Program {

   staticpublic void Main () {

      XmlDocument xDoc = new XmlDocument();

      try{ xDoc.Load(@"C:\books.xml"); } catch { }

      xDoc.Schemas.Add( string.Empty,@"C:\books.xsd");

      xDoc.Schemas.Compile();

      ValidationEventHandlervalidator = ValidatingProblemHandler;

      xDoc.Validate(validator);

   }

   staticvoid ValidatingProblemHandler(object sender,

                                        ValidationEventArgse) {

      if(e.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Warning) {

         Console.Write("WARNING: "); Console.WriteLine(e.Message);

      } elseif (e.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Error) {

         Console.Write("ERROR: "); Console.WriteLine(e.Message);

      }

   }

}

11、使用XPath遍历和编辑XML文档

 对内存中的DOM树(通过XmlDocument载入到内存中)应用Xpath表达式

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    publicclass Program

    {

        staticpublic void Main ()

        {

            XmlDocumentxDoc = new XmlDocument();

            try{ xDoc.Load(@"C:\books.xml"); }

            catch{ }

            XmlNodeListbooks = xDoc.SelectNodes(

                                  @"/bookstore/book/author/first-name");

            foreach(XmlNode book inbooks)

                System.Console.WriteLine(book.OuterXml);

        }

    }

 

}

12、             使用XPathNavigator实例来递归遍历用XpathDocument实例装载的XML文档

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

using System.Xml.XPath;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    classProgram

    {

        staticvoid Main ()

        {

            XPathDocumentdoc = new XPathDocument(@"C:\books.xml");

            XPathNavigatornavigator = doc.CreateNavigator();

            navigator.MoveToRoot();

           DisplayRecursive(navigator, string.Empty);

        }

        static public voidDisplayRecursive(XPathNavigator navigator,

                                           string indent)

        {

            if(navigator.HasChildren)

            {

               navigator.MoveToFirstChild();

                DisplayNode(navigator,indent + "  ");

               DisplayRecursive(navigator, indent + "   ");

               navigator.MoveToParent();

            }

            while(navigator.MoveToNext())

            {

               DisplayNode(navigator, indent);

                DisplayRecursive(navigator,indent);

            }

        }

        staticprivate voidDisplayNode(XPathNavigator navigator, string indent)

        {

            if(navigator.NodeType == XPathNodeType.Text)

                Console.WriteLine(indent + navigator.Value);

            elseif (navigator.Name != String.Empty)

                Console.WriteLine(indent + "<" + navigator.Name + ">");

        }

    }

 

}

13、             使用XpathNodeIterator对象遍历Xpath的选择结果集

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

using System.Xml.XPath;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    classProgram

    {

        staticvoid Main ()

        {

            XPathDocumentdocument = new XPathDocument(@"C:\books.xml");

            XPathNavigatornavigator = document.CreateNavigator();

            XPathNodeIteratoriterator =

               navigator.Select(@"/bookstore/book/author/first-name");

            while(iterator.MoveNext())

                System.Console.WriteLine("<"+ iterator.Current.Name + ">" +

                                        iterator.Current.Value);

        }

    }

 

 

}

14、             用XpathNavigator对象编辑XmlDocument对象

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

using System.Xml.XPath;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    classProgram

    {

        staticvoid Main ()

        {

            XmlDocumentxDoc = new XmlDocument();

            try{ xDoc.Load(@"C:\books.xml"); }

            catch{ }

            XPathNavigatornavigator = xDoc.CreateNavigator();

           navigator.MoveToRoot();             // Select the root.

            if(navigator.MoveToFirstChild())    // Select <bookstore>.

                if (navigator.MoveToFirstChild()) // Select

                    // <book>Autobiography...

                   navigator.InsertElementBefore(string.Empty,"book",

                                      string.Empty, "Pratical.NET and C#");

            xDoc.Save(@"C:\new_books.xml");

        }

    }

}

15、             使用XSLT样式表转换XML文档

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Xsl;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    classProgram

    {

        staticvoid Main ()

        {

            System.Xml.XmlDocument xDoc = newSystem.Xml.XmlDocument();

            xDoc.Load(@"C:\books.xml");

            XslCompiledTransformxTrans = new XslCompiledTransform();

            xTrans.Load(@"C:\books.xsl");

            xTrans.Transform(xDoc, null, System.Console.Out);

        }

    }

}

 

16、             使用dataset.writexml输出内存中数据集至xml文档中，连接关系型数据与XML文档的桥接器

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Xsl;

using System.Data;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    classProgram

    {

        staticvoid Main ()

        {

            stringsCnx =

               "server = localhost ; uid=sa ; pwd =000000; database= ORGANIZATION";

            using(SqlConnection cnx = new SqlConnection(sCnx))

            {

                using (SqlDataAdapterdataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter())

                {

                    DataSet dataSet = newDataSet();

                    string sCmd = "SELECT* FROM EMPLOYEES";

                   dataAdapter.SelectCommand = new SqlCommand(sCmd, cnx);

                   dataAdapter.Fill(dataSet, "EMPLOYEES");

                   dataSet.WriteXml(@"C:\test.xml");

                    System.Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------");

                   dataSet.WriteXmlSchema(@"C:\test.xsd");

                } // end using SqlDataAdapter

            } // end using SqlConnection

        }

    }

}

17、             使用XML文档填充Dataset

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Xsl;

using System.Data;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    classProgram

    {

        staticvoid Main ()

        {

            stringsCnx =

               "server = localhost ; uid=sa ; pwd =000000; database= ORGANIZATION";

            using(SqlConnection cnx = new SqlConnection(sCnx))

            {

                using (SqlDataAdapterdataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter())

                {

                    DataSet dataSet = newDataSet();

 

                    // Build automatically commands for updates.

                    string sCmd = "SELECT* FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EmployeeID=-1";

                    dataAdapter.SelectCommand= new SqlCommand(sCmd,cnx);

                    SqlCommandBuilder cmdBuilder =

                       new SqlCommandBuilder(dataAdapter);

                    // Build the EMPLOYEES table and insert lines from

                    // the dataFile.xml file.

                    dataSet.ReadXml(@"C:/DataFile.xml");

 

                    // Update the database.

                    dataAdapter.Update(dataSet, "EMPLOYEES");

                } // end using SqlDataAdapter

            } // end using SqlConnection

        }

    }

}

18、             关于System.Xml.XmlDataDocument类

XML数据和Dataset可以相互转换，System.Xml.XmlDataDocument类(继承自XmlDocument)专门用于完成这一任务，为做到这点，我们必须把XmlDataDocument的实例绑定到Dataset，然后通过XmlDataDocument或者Dataset来操作数据。必须了解的是，他们在内部操作的是同一份数据。通过Dataset所做的修改会马上在XmlDataDocument上显现，反之亦然。

 

19、             XML和SQL Server

ADO.Net的SqlClient数据提供程序允许使用SQLXML。

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Xsl;

using System.Data;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

using System.Data.Common;

 

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    classProgram

    {

        staticvoid Main ()

        {

            stringsCnx =

              "server = localhost ; uid=sa ; pwd =; database =ORGANIZATION";

            stringsCmd = "SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES FOR XMLAUTO";

            using(DbConnection cnx = newSqlConnection(sCnx))

            {

                using (SqlCommandcmd = new SqlCommand(sCmd,

                                                      cnx as SqlConnection))

                {

                    cnx.Open();

                    System.Xml.XmlReader reader = cmd.ExecuteXmlReader();

                    while (reader.Read())

                        System.Console.WriteLine(reader.ReadOuterXml());

                    reader.Close();

                } // end usingcmd.

            } // end using cnx.

            System.Console.Read();

        }

    }

 

20、连接对象与XML文档的桥梁----SYSTEM.Xml.XmlSeriallization类

有了System.Xml.XmlSeriallization类，你可以把几乎所有的.net对象序列化成XML。序列化机制有几个局限：

A、  之序列化公共字段和属性

B、  不考虑[SerialZable]attribute和ISerialzable接口

C、  如果对象图存在至少一个循环引用，XmlSeriallizer无法序列化该对象图

using System;

using System.IO;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Serialization;

 

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

    publicclass book

    {

        publicstring genre { get{ return m_genre; } set{ m_genre = value; } }

        privatestring m_genre;

        publicstring title { get{ return m_title; } set{ m_title = value; } }

        privatestring m_title;

        publicdecimal price { get{ return m_price; } set{ m_price = value; } }

        privatedecimal m_price;

    }

    publicclass Program

    {

        staticpublic void Main ()

        {

            bookb1 = new book();

            b1.genre = "autobiography";

            b1.title = "The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin";

            b1.price = 8.99M ;

            //Store the state of an instance of the 鈥榖ook鈥?class ...

            //... in the 鈥榖ook.xml鈥?file.

            FileStreamfs1 = File.OpenWrite("book.xml");

            XmlSerializerxmls = new XmlSerializer(typeof(book));

            xmls.Serialize(fs1, b1);

            fs1.Close();

            //Create an instance of the 鈥榖ook鈥?class ...

            //... from the 鈥榖ook.xml鈥?file.

            FileStreamfs2 = File.OpenRead("book.xml");

            bookb2 = (book)xmls.Deserialize(fs2);

 

            fs2.Close();

        }

    }

}

21、用于XML序列化的attribute

 XmlRoot指定类或者结构作为根结点

XmlElement指定类的公共字段或属性序列化成Xml元素

XmlAttribute指定类的公共字段或属性序列化成XML属性而不是XML元素

XmlArrayItem指定类的实例可以被序列化到数组中

XmlIgnore指示不被序列化的公共字段或属性

22、Sgen.exe的用法(?)

23、Xsd.exe的用法（？）