LWIP之核心部：网卡数据传入LWIP内核流程精确分析

要想彻底搞明白网卡的数据到底是如何传入LWIP内核的，首先必须先搞明白网卡结构体的定义：

struct netif {
#if !LWIP_SINGLE_NETIF
  /** pointer to next in linked list */
  struct netif *next;
#endif

#if LWIP_IPV4
  /** IP address configuration in network byte order */
  ip_addr_t ip_addr;
  ip_addr_t netmask;
  ip_addr_t gw;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV4 */
#if LWIP_IPV6
  /** Array of IPv6 addresses for this netif. */
  ip_addr_t ip6_addr[LWIP_IPV6_NUM_ADDRESSES];
  /** The state of each IPv6 address (Tentative, Preferred, etc).
   * @see ip6_addr.h */
  u8_t ip6_addr_state[LWIP_IPV6_NUM_ADDRESSES];
#if LWIP_IPV6_ADDRESS_LIFETIMES
  /** Remaining valid and preferred lifetime of each IPv6 address, in seconds.
   * For valid lifetimes, the special value of IP6_ADDR_LIFE_STATIC (0)
   * indicates the address is static and has no lifetimes. */
  u32_t ip6_addr_valid_life[LWIP_IPV6_NUM_ADDRESSES];
  u32_t ip6_addr_pref_life[LWIP_IPV6_NUM_ADDRESSES];
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6_ADDRESS_LIFETIMES */
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6 */
  /** This function is called by the network device driver
   *  to pass a packet up the TCP/IP stack. */
  netif_input_fn input;
#if LWIP_IPV4
  /** This function is called by the IP module when it wants
   *  to send a packet on the interface. This function typically
   *  first resolves the hardware address, then sends the packet.
   *  For ethernet physical layer, this is usually etharp_output() */
  netif_output_fn output;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV4 */
  /** This function is called by ethernet_output() when it wants
   *  to send a packet on the interface. This function outputs
   *  the pbuf as-is on the link medium. */
  netif_linkoutput_fn linkoutput;
#if LWIP_IPV6
  /** This function is called by the IPv6 module when it wants
   *  to send a packet on the interface. This function typically
   *  first resolves the hardware address, then sends the packet.
   *  For ethernet physical layer, this is usually ethip6_output() */
  netif_output_ip6_fn output_ip6;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6 */
#if LWIP_NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK
  /** This function is called when the netif state is set to up or down
   */
  netif_status_callback_fn status_callback;
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_STATUS_CALLBACK */
#if LWIP_NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK
  /** This function is called when the netif link is set to up or down
   */
  netif_status_callback_fn link_callback;
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_LINK_CALLBACK */
#if LWIP_NETIF_REMOVE_CALLBACK
  /** This function is called when the netif has been removed */
  netif_status_callback_fn remove_callback;
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_REMOVE_CALLBACK */
  /** This field can be set by the device driver and could point
   *  to state information for the device. */
  void *state;
#ifdef netif_get_client_data
  void* client_data[LWIP_NETIF_CLIENT_DATA_INDEX_MAX + LWIP_NUM_NETIF_CLIENT_DATA];
#endif
#if LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME
  /* the hostname for this netif, NULL is a valid value */
  const char*  hostname;
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME */
#if LWIP_CHECKSUM_CTRL_PER_NETIF
  u16_t chksum_flags;
#endif /* LWIP_CHECKSUM_CTRL_PER_NETIF*/
  /** maximum transfer unit (in bytes) */
  u16_t mtu;
#if LWIP_IPV6 && LWIP_ND6_ALLOW_RA_UPDATES
  /** maximum transfer unit (in bytes), updated by RA */
  u16_t mtu6;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6 && LWIP_ND6_ALLOW_RA_UPDATES */
  /** link level hardware address of this interface */
  u8_t hwaddr[NETIF_MAX_HWADDR_LEN];
  /** number of bytes used in hwaddr */
  u8_t hwaddr_len;
  /** flags (@see @ref netif_flags) */
  u8_t flags;
  /** descriptive abbreviation */
  char name[2];
  /** number of this interface. Used for @ref if_api and @ref netifapi_netif, 
   * as well as for IPv6 zones */
  u8_t num;
#if LWIP_IPV6_AUTOCONFIG
  /** is this netif enabled for IPv6 autoconfiguration */
  u8_t ip6_autoconfig_enabled;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6_AUTOCONFIG */
#if LWIP_IPV6_SEND_ROUTER_SOLICIT
  /** Number of Router Solicitation messages that remain to be sent. */
  u8_t rs_count;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6_SEND_ROUTER_SOLICIT */
#if MIB2_STATS
  /** link type (from "snmp_ifType" enum from snmp_mib2.h) */
  u8_t link_type;
  /** (estimate) link speed */
  u32_t link_speed;
  /** timestamp at last change made (up/down) */
  u32_t ts;
  /** counters */
  struct stats_mib2_netif_ctrs mib2_counters;
#endif /* MIB2_STATS */
#if LWIP_IPV4 && LWIP_IGMP
  /** This function could be called to add or delete an entry in the multicast
      filter table of the ethernet MAC.*/
  netif_igmp_mac_filter_fn igmp_mac_filter;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV4 && LWIP_IGMP */
#if LWIP_IPV6 && LWIP_IPV6_MLD
  /** This function could be called to add or delete an entry in the IPv6 multicast
      filter table of the ethernet MAC. */
  netif_mld_mac_filter_fn mld_mac_filter;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6 && LWIP_IPV6_MLD */
#if LWIP_NETIF_USE_HINTS
  struct netif_hint *hints;
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_USE_HINTS */
#if ENABLE_LOOPBACK
  /* List of packets to be queued for ourselves. */
  struct pbuf *loop_first;
  struct pbuf *loop_last;
#if LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS
  u16_t loop_cnt_current;
#endif /* LWIP_LOOPBACK_MAX_PBUFS */
#endif /* ENABLE_LOOPBACK */
};

简化代码：

struct netif {
  struct netif *next;
  ip_addr_t ip_addr;
  ip_addr_t netmask;
  ip_addr_t gw;



  netif_input_fn input;



  netif_output_fn output;
  netif_linkoutput_fn linkoutput;
  netif_status_callback_fn status_callback;
  netif_status_callback_fn link_callback;
  netif_status_callback_fn remove_callback;
  void *state;
  void* client_data[LWIP_NETIF_CLIENT_DATA_INDEX_MAX + LWIP_NUM_NETIF_CLIENT_DATA];
  const char*  hostname;
  u16_t chksum_flags;
  u16_t mtu;
  u8_t hwaddr[NETIF_MAX_HWADDR_LEN];
  u8_t hwaddr_len;
  u8_t flags;
  char name[2];
  u8_t num;
  u8_t link_type;
  u32_t link_speed;
  u32_t ts;
  struct stats_mib2_netif_ctrs mib2_counters;
  netif_igmp_mac_filter_fn igmp_mac_filter;
  struct netif_hint *hints;
  struct pbuf *loop_first;
  struct pbuf *loop_last;
  u16_t loop_cnt_current;
};

再从里面挑对我们有用的

struct netif 
{
……
  netif_input_fn input;
……

}；

再继续看netif_input_fn是啥，代码继续

typedef int8_t    s8_t;
typedef s8_t err_t;
typedef err_t (*netif_input_fn)(struct pbuf *p, struct netif *inp);

函数：(*input)()

显然结构体成员

网卡数据是如何传入LWIP的内核的：

当ETH接受完数据之后会产生一个中断,中断函数入口为：

void ETH_IRQHandler(void)
{
  uint32_t ulReturn;
  /* 进入临界段，临界段可以嵌套 */
  ulReturn = taskENTER_CRITICAL_FROM_ISR();
  
  HAL_ETH_IRQHandler(&heth);
  
  /* 退出临界段 */
  taskEXIT_CRITICAL_FROM_ISR( ulReturn );
}

还没写完继续写