CentOS8安装mysql-5.7.32

转自:https://www.jianshu.com/p/85bc42af03e7

  • CentOS8.x已安装MySQL8.0.17
  • 系统为:CentOS8.0.1905
  • 最终安装MySQL版本:5.7.29

一、卸载MySQL8

1、查看版本
mysql --version

image
2、查看安装的包
rpm -qa | grep mysql

image
3、卸载已安装MySQL8
rpm -qa | grep mysql | xargs rpm -e --nodeps

删除MySQL配置文件及其目录

rm -rf /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.d

二、离线安装指定版本的MySQL

1、安装必要的包
yum install libncurses*

2、官网下载tar包

官网地址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
(Looking for the latest GA version?)

Select Version: 5.7.29
Select Operating System: Source Code
Select OS Version: Generic Linux(Architecture Independent)

或者使用以下命令下载

cd /usr/local/src
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.29-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

将离线下载的tar上传至/usr/local/src目录下

3、创建安装账户
mkdir /usr/local/mysql
useradd -s /bin/false -d /usr/local/mysql  mysql

4、安装过程
# 此过程有点长,耐心等待
tar -xvzf mysql-5.7.21-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/mysql/
cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.21-el7-x86_64/
mv * ../
cd ..
rmdir mysql-5.7.21-el7-x86_64/
mkdir data
chown -R mysql.mysql ../mysql
cd bin
./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

安装完成后在最后会显示root密码

image

拷贝可执行配置文件

cd /usr/local/mysql
cp ../support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

5、配置过程

MySQL配置文件/etc/my.cnf中内容如下:

[mysqld]
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
character_set_server=utf8
user=mysql
max_connections=1500
symbolic-links=0
# 东八区时区,北京时区
default-time-zone = '+8:00'
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
# 导入包允许的大小设置
max_allowed_packet=1024M
# 忽略表名大小写;1表示忽略大小写,0表示解析大小写
lower_case_table_names=1

!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

6、启动服务并登陆

常用命令

# 启动命令
service mysqld start 或者 /etc/init.d/mysqld start
# 停止命令
service mysqld stop 或者 /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
# 重启命令
service mysqld restart 或者 /etc/init.d/mysqld restart

image

登陆命令

./bin/mysql -u root -p'zisTBE)I8*/0'

7、修改密码并允许远程连接
mysql> set password=password('123456');
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;

如果远程还连接不上,看下是否防火墙开启了?

8、添加环境变量
vim /etc/profile

# mysql
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

image

保存退出后,使用source /etc/profile使其生效。

三、MySQL自启

# 查看MySQL是否自启
systemctl is-enabled mysqld

如下图,显示disabled,MySQL默认非自启

image
# 开启自启
systemctl enable mysqld

如下图

image

四、防火墙放行3306端口

如果你的防火墙已经关闭,可忽略此操作。

# 永久开放3306端口
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp
# 重启防火墙
systemctl restart firewalld
# 检测设定是否生效
iptables -nL | grep 3306

五、其他问题

问题1:yum仓库无法更新问题

在使用yum repolist列出仓库中的包时,出现Error: Failed to synchronize cache for repo 'AppStream'
由于其原有的默认的源配置文件被我删除过,然后CentOS8换过阿里的源,在卸载MySQL8之后重新安装后出现上述问题;解决参照:CentOS8使用阿里源。

将原来文件中$releasever替换为8.0.1905,将$basearch替换为x86_64,然后再使用yum clean all && yum makecache即可

正常的CentOS-Base.repo内容如下

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-8.0.1905 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8.0.1905/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/8.0.1905/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/8.0.1905/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-8.0.1905 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8.0.1905/extras/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/8.0.1905/extras/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/8.0.1905/extras/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-8.0.1905 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8.0.1905/centosplus/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/8.0.1905/centosplus/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/8.0.1905/centosplus/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

[PowerTools]
name=CentOS-8.0.1905 - PowerTools - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8.0.1905/PowerTools/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/8.0.1905/PowerTools/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/8.0.1905/PowerTools/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

[AppStream]
name=CentOS-8.0.1905 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8.0.1905/AppStream/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/8.0.1905/AppStream/x86_64/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/8.0.1905/AppStream/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

作者:静美书斋
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/ee018b20a6e6
来源:
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。

本人遇到的问题:
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

ln -s mysql-5.7.32-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql

./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

错误:
error while loading shared libraries: libncurses.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决办法:
ln -s /usr/lib64/libncurses.so.6.1 /usr/lib64/libncurses.so.5

错误:
error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决办法:
ln -s /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.6.1 /usr/lib64/libtinfo.so.5

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'bpm,.123';

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