C++算法库——搜索（find, find_first_of, search, search_n等）

• 头文件

find, find_if, find_if_not：寻找满足条件的首个元素

template< class InputIt, class T >
InputIt find( InputIt first, InputIt last, const T& value );

template< class InputIt, class UnaryPredicate >
InputIt find_if( InputIt first, InputIt last, UnaryPredicate p );

template< class InputIt, class UnaryPredicate >
InputIt find_if_not( InputIt first, InputIt last, UnaryPredicate q );

• 返回迭代器，若没找到则返回last

find_end：寻找指定序列的最后一次出现

• 用operator==比较元素：

template< class ForwardIt1, class ForwardIt2 >
ForwardIt1 find_end( ForwardIt1 first, ForwardIt1 last, ForwardIt2 s_first, ForwardIt2 s_last );

• 用二元谓词p比较元素：

template< class ForwardIt1, class ForwardIt2, class BinaryPredicate >
ForwardIt1 find_end( ForwardIt1 first, ForwardIt1 last, ForwardIt2 s_first, ForwardIt2 s_last, BinaryPredicate p );

• 返回序列开端的迭代器，若序列为空或没找到则返回last

find_first_of：在范围[first, last)中寻找属于[s_first, s_last)的首个元素

• 用operator==比较元素：

template< class InputIt, class ForwardIt >
InputIt find_first_of( InputIt first, InputIt last, ForwardIt s_first, ForwardIt s_last );

• 用二元谓词p比较元素：

template< class InputIt, class ForwardIt, class BinaryPredicate >
InputIt find_first_of( InputIt first, InputIt last, ForwardIt s_first, ForwardIt s_last, BinaryPredicate p );

• 返回迭代器，若没找到则返回last

adjacent_find：寻找首对连续的相同（或满足某种关系的）元素

• 用operator==比较元素：

template< class ForwardIt >
ForwardIt adjacent_find( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last );

• 用二元谓词p比较元素：

template< class ForwardIt, class BinaryPredicate>
ForwardIt adjacent_find( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, BinaryPredicate p )

• 返回第一个元素的迭代器，若没找到则返回last

search：搜索子序列

template< class ForwardIt1, class ForwardIt2 >
ForwardIt1 search( ForwardIt1 first, ForwardIt1 last, ForwardIt2 s_first, ForwardIt2 s_last );

template< class ForwardIt1, class ForwardIt2, class BinaryPredicate >
ForwardIt1 search( ForwardIt1 first, ForwardIt1 last, ForwardIt2 s_first, ForwardIt2 s_last, BinaryPredicate p );

• 返回子序列开端的迭代器，若没找到则返回last
• 若子序列为空，则返回first

search_n：搜索满足条件的多个连续元素

template< class ForwardIt, class Size, class T >
ForwardIt search_n( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, Size count, const T& value );

template< class ForwardIt, class Size, class T, class BinaryPredicate >
ForwardIt search_n( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, Size count, const T& value, BinaryPredicate p );

• 返回子序列开端的迭代器，若没找到则返回last
• 若count为零或负，则返回first