使用Java备份mysql数据库

使用java程序生成.sql文件备份数据库。

application.yml

在yml文件中配置需要备份的数据库信息以及备份文件路径

server:
  port: 8180

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    username: root
    password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_robot_check?characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT&useSSL=false&allowMultiQueries=true

backup:
  datasource:
    ip: 127.0.0.1
    db: db_robot_check   #定义数据库名
    # table: ntcp_data_      #定义数据库表名
    port: 3306
    username: root
    password: 123456
  backupDay: 0              #备份多少天前的数据库数据
  deleteDay: 2              #删除多少天前数据库备份文件
  backupPath: D:\\JavaCode\\testmaven29MySqlBasckup\\backup\\

备份数据库

执行命令

mysqldump -h127.0.0.1 -p3306 -uroot -p123456 --default-character-set=utf8 db_robot_check

public class DbUtil {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DbUtil.class);

    /**
     * 备份数据库
     * @param ip
     * @param host
     * @param username
     * @param password
     * @param databaseName
     * @param savePath
     * @param fileName
     */
    public static void exportDatabaseTool(String ip,String host,String username,String password,String databaseName,String savePath,String fileName){
        PrintWriter printWriter = null;
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
        try {
            File saveFile = new File(savePath);
            if (!saveFile.exists()) {
                // 目录不存在创建新的文件夹
                saveFile.mkdirs();
            }
            if (!savePath.endsWith(File.separator)) {
                savePath = savePath+File.separator;
            }
            printWriter = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(savePath+fileName),"utf-8"));
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(" mysqldump -h"+ip+" -p"+host+" -u"+username+" -p"+password+" --default-character-set=utf8 "+databaseName);
            InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream(),"utf8");
            bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
            String line;
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                printWriter.println(line);
            }
            printWriter.flush();
            LOGGER.info("已备份数据库");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            LOGGER.error(e.toString());
        } finally {
            try {
                if (bufferedReader != null) {
                    bufferedReader.close();
                }
                if (printWriter != null) {
                    printWriter.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

执行

利用quartz定时调用备份数据库方法

/**
 * @author huangzixiao
 * @Description
 * @date 2023/5/11
 */
public class QuartzSqlBackup extends QuartzJobBean {

    /**
     * 数据库用户名
     */
    @Value("${backup.datasource.username}")
    private String user;

    /**
     * 数据库密码
     */
    @Value("${backup.datasource.password}")
    private String password;

    /**
     * 数据库地址
     */
    @Value("${backup.datasource.ip}")
    private String ip;

    /**
     * 数据库
     */
    @Value("${backup.datasource.db}")
    private String db;

    /**
     * 表名
     */
    //@Value("${backup.datasource.table}")
    //private String table;

    /**
     * 备份多少天前的数据库数据
     */
    @Value("${backup.backupDay}")
    private String backupDay;

    /**
     * 删除多少天前数据库备份
     */
    @Value("${backup.deleteDay}")
    private String deleteDay;

    /**
     * 备份路径
     */
    @Value("${backup.backupPath}")
    private String backupPath;

    private static SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
    /**
     * Execute the actual job. The job data map will already have been
     * applied as bean property values by execute. The contract is
     * exactly the same as for the standard Quartz execute method.
     *
     * @param context
     * @see #execute
     */
    @Override
    protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
        // 定时备份数据库
        // 指定名称
        String sqlFileName = db+"_sql_back_up_"+sf.format(new Date())+".sql";

        DbUtil.exportDatabaseTool(ip,"3306",user,password,db,backupPath,sqlFileName);
        // 删除过期时间的文件
        FileUtil.deleteOverTimeFile(backupPath);
    }
}

为了防止sql文件过多，定期删除过期文件

public class FileUtil {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FileUtil.class);
    public static void deleteOverTimeFile(String filePath) {
        // 指定时间
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
        calendar.setTime(new Date());
        calendar.add(Calendar.MINUTE,-10);
        // 判断文件夹是否为空或不存在
        File deleteFilePath = new File(filePath);
        if (deleteFilePath.exists()) {
            File[] files = deleteFilePath.listFiles();
            if (files!=null&&files.length>0) {
                for (File file : files) {
                    if (new Date(file.lastModified()).before(calendar.getTime())) {
                        LOGGER.info("删除文件："+file.getName());
                        file.delete();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}