ChiOS-我的Swift学习笔记

1. 怎样自定义初始化方法？

convenience init(by name: ee) {
    self.init(name: ee, bundle: nil)
}

2. 怎样写一个单例？

final class UserInfoManager {
    private init() {}
    static let shared = UserInfoManager()
}

3. 使用Realm的object，属性一定要是dynamic的，否则查询成功以后model不能取到值

import UIKit
import RealmSwift
class UserLoginInfoModel: Object {
    dynamic var cardNum: String!
    dynamic var companyId: String!
    dynamic var companyName: String!
    dynamic var userId: String!
    override static func primaryKey() -> String? {
        return "userId"
    }
}

4. 如何使用响应链来处理多层视图的事件

参考链接 http://www.cocoachina.com/ios/20161205/18282.html

import Foundation
import UIKit
extension UIResponder {
    func handOutAction(by identifier: String, sender: Any!) {
        if !responderRouterActionChain(by: identifier, sender: sender) {
            guard let nextResponder = next else { return }
            nextResponder.handOutAction(by: identifier, sender: sender)
        }
    }

    internal func responderRouterActionChain(by identifier: String, sender: Any!) -> Bool {
        return false
    }
}

Demo地址：https://github.com/NirvanAcN/2017DayDayUp （Day2）

5. 关于Realm使用工程中的.realm文件

参考链接 https://realm.io/docs/swift/latest/#other-realms

在工程中可能需要拖入一些.realm文件来读取一些配置或者静态数据。这时候使用如下代码是无法读取Test.realm文件的（模拟器可以读取）

guard let fileURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "Test", withExtension: "realm") else {
    return
}
let realm = try! Realm.init(fileURL: fileURL)

按照官网说明，只需要如下修改一下配置Configuration

guard let fileURL = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "Test", withExtension: ".realm") else {
    return
}
let config = Realm.Configuration(fileURL: fileURL, readOnly: true)
let realm = try! Realm(configuration: config)

6. 获取最上层视图（keyWindow）

参考链接 http://www.jianshu.com/p/3705caee6995

let window = UIApplication.shared.keyWindow

7. 怎样显示Playground的liveView？

View - Assistant Editor - Show Assistant Editor
快捷键组合 option + command + ↵

8. 如何将A-Z/a-z存入数组？

参考链接 http://blog.csdn.net/flyback/article/details/48268829

let Acode = UnicodeScalar("A")!.value    //65
let Zcode = UnicodeScalar("Z")!.value    //90
let array = (Acode...Zcode).map { String(format: "%c", $0) }

9.怎样判断代理实现了某个方法？

借助optional

protocol TestDelegate: NSObjectProtocol {
    func testFunction()
}
.
.
.
weak var delegate: TestDelegate!
delegate?.testFunction()

10.怎样取消Button点击时的高亮状态？

参考链接 http://www.jianshu.com/p/7eb016e4ceb1

获取.allTouchEvents事件，将isHighlighted置否

btn.addTarget(self, action: #selector(onBtnsAllAction), for: .allTouchEvents)
.
.
.
@objc private func onBtnsAllAction(_ sender: UIButton) {
    sender.isHighlighted = false
}

11.如何打印行数？

print(#line)

12.Realm支持什么数据格式？

Bool    （作为Object属性必须有默认值）
Int8
Int16
Int32
Int64
Double
Float
String  （不能保存超过 16 MB 大小的数据，optional）
Date    （精度到秒）
Data    （不能保存超过 16 MB 大小的数据）

13.怎样在Attributes inspector中添加自定义属性？

@IBDesignable
@IBInspectable

如图所示效果

Demo地址：https://github.com/NirvanAcN/2017DayDayUp （Day1）

14.获取农历

let calendar = Calendar.init(identifier: .chinese)
let date = Date()
let localeComp = calendar.dateComponents([.year, .month, .day], from: date)

print(localeComp.year)
print(localeComp.month)
print(localeComp.day)

15.如何截屏

UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(someView.bounds.size)
someView.layer.render(in: UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext()!)
let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

16.使用YYModel过程中遇到 fatal error: NSArray element failed to match the Swift Array Element type 异常

实现modelContainerPropertyGenericClass方法

class OrderModel: NSObject, YYModel {
    var goods: [OrderGoodsModel]!

    static func modelContainerPropertyGenericClass() -> [String : Any]? {
        return [
            "ddxq": OrderGoodsModel.self
        ]
    }
}

class OrderGoodsModel: NSObject, YYModel {

}

17.Realm增加/删除/修改表字段

修改完毕后需要在application(_:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:)方法中对数据库的版本进行重新设置（默认schemaVersion为0，修改后的schemaVersion应大于原值）：

Realm.Configuration.defaultConfiguration = Realm.Configuration(
    schemaVersion: 0
)

18.应用内打开AppStore

StoreKit

19.ATS中设置例外（白名单）

参考链接：http://www.cocoachina.com/ios/20150928/13598.html

例如，允许来自 http://www.baidu.com 的相关链接进行http访问

NSAppTransportSecurity  
    
      NSExceptionDomains  
        
          www.baidu.com  
            
              NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads  
                
            
        
    

20.Debug 标示符

__FILE__ ->  #file
__LINE__ -> #line
__COLUMN__ -> #column
__FUNCTION__ -> #function
__DSO_HANDLE__ -> #dsohandle

21.修改Status Bar颜色

参考链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/25e9c1a864be

修改plist文件

    UIStatusBarStyle
    UIStatusBarStyleLightContent
    UIViewControllerBasedStatusBarAppearance
    

22.修改了工程的BundleID后，运行产生Failed to load Info.plist from bundle错误

错误截图

参考链接 http://stackoverflow.com/a/42067502/7760667

解决方案：重置模拟器
Simulator —— Reset content and Setting...

23.EXC_BAD_ACCESS?

Scheme — Run — Diagnostics - Runtime Sanitization - Address Sanitizer

24.测试未发布的Pod/不发布通过cocoapods使用git上的仓库

参考链接 https://guides.cocoapods.org/making/making-a-cocoapod.html#testing

You can test the syntax of your Podfile by linting the pod against the files of its directory, this won't test the downloading aspect of linting.

$ cd ~/code/Pods/NAME$ pod lib lint

Before releasing your new Pod to the world its best to test that you can install your pod successfully into an Xcode project. You can do this in a couple of ways:
Push your podspec to your repository, then create a new Xcode project with a Podfile and add your pod to the file like so:

pod 'NAME', :git => 'https://example.com/URL/to/repo/NAME.git'

Then run

pod install-- or --pod update

25.发布的Pod搜索不到？

pod setup
rm ~/Library/Caches/CocoaPods/search_index.json

26.Git如何删除远程tag？

git tag -d 0.0.1
git push origin :refs/tags/0.0.1

27.怎样对异步函数进行单元测试

参考链接 http://www.mincoder.com/article/3650.shtml

func testShowMe() {
    /// Creates and returns an expectation associated with the test case.
    let exp = expectation(description: "my_tests_identifying")
    DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: DispatchTime.now() + 2) {
        /// that vended the expectation has already completed.
        exp.fulfill()
    }
    /// are fulfilled or the timeout is reached. Clients should not manipulate the run
    waitForExpectations(timeout: 3, handler: nil)
}

28.怎样在多个异步操作完成后再执行指定操作

参考链接 http://www.jianshu.com/p/6a7af360bf2a

let group = DispatchGroup()
let timeLine = DispatchTime.now()
(0..<10).forEach({ (idx) in
    group.enter()
    DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: timeLine + TimeInterval(idx), execute: {
        group.leave()
    })
})
group.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.main) {
    /// finished
}

29.怎样在向上滑动时隐藏NavagationBar？

hidesBarsOnSwipe = true

30.设置NavagationBar背景透明？

参考链接 http://www.jianshu.com/p/b2585c37e14b

navigationBar.subviews[0].alpha = 0

31.怎样在Framework/Pod中加载Xib、Storyboard 、图片等资源（加载Bundle）？

参考链接 http://blog.csdn.net/ayuapp/article/details/54631592

// 1. 暴露Framework的Class文件
// 2. 使用public /*not inherited*/ init(for aClass: Swift.AnyClass)加载
let bundle = Bundle.init(for: JRConfigurations.self)

32.怎样将AVFoundation中AVCaptureMetadataOutput的rectOfInterest坐标转换为正常屏幕坐标？

在AVCaptureSession执行startRunning()函数后，AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer通过metadataOutputRectOfInterest方法转换即可得到转换后的坐标。

33.查看、修改Git用户名、邮箱

$ git config --global user.name "username"

$ git config --global user.email "email"

34.GIT追加的.gitignore规则不生效？

$ git rm -r --cached .
$ git add .
$ git commit -m 'update .gitignore'

35.怎样给一个Optional添加一个extension？

extension Optional where Wrapped == String {
  var isBlank: Bool {
    return self?.isBlank ?? true
  }
}

36.怎样调整行间距？

let des = NSMutableAttributedString.init(string: "hello world")
let paragraphStyle = NSMutableParagraphStyle()
paragraphStyle.lineSpacing = 6
des.addAttributes([NSParagraphStyleAttributeName: paragraphStyle], range: NSRange.init(location: 0, length: des.length))       
label.attributedText = des

附：NSMutableParagraphStyle其他属性
行间距 
CGFloat lineSpacing

段间距 
CGFloat paragraphSpacing

对齐方式 
NSTextAlignment alignment

首行缩进
CGFloat firstLineHeadIndent

除首行之外其他行缩进
CGFloat headIndent

每行容纳字符的宽度
CGFloat tailIndent

换行方式
lineBreakMode

最小行高
CGFloat minimumLineHeight

最大行高
CGFloat maximumLineHeight

37.怎样判断一个对象是否在某个范围？

let age = 27
print(20...30 ~= age) /// true

let score = [100, 99, 80, 66, 40]

let filter = score.filter {
    return 90...100 ~= $0
}
print(filter) /// [100, 99]

38.ASDK Flex属性？

direction:
    ASStackLayoutDirectionVertical
    ASStackLayoutDirectionHorizontal

justifyContent:
    ASStackLayoutJustifyContentStart
    ASStackLayoutJustifyContentEnd
    ASStackLayoutJustifyContentCenter
    ASStackLayoutJustifyContentSpaceBetween
    ASStackLayoutJustifyContentSpacAeround

alignItems:
    ASStackLayoutAlignItemsStart
    ASStackLayoutAlignItemsEnd
    ASStackLayoutAlignItemsCenter
    ASStackLayoutAlignItemsBaselineFirst
    ASStackLayoutAlignItemsBaselineLast
    ASStackLayoutAlignItemsStretch

39.ASDK Layout Specs规则？

ASInsetLayoutSpec   
ASOverlayLayoutSpec 
ASBackgroundLayoutSpec  
ASCenterLayoutSpec  
ASRatioLayoutSpec   
ASStackLayoutSpec   
ASAbsoluteLayoutSpec    
ASRelativeLayoutSpec
ASWrapperLayoutSpec

40.怎样设置ASCollecitonNode的header&footer？

foo.registerSupplementaryNode(ofKind: UICollectionElementKindSectionFooter)

func collectionNode(_ collectionNode: ASCollectionNode, nodeForSupplementaryElementOfKind kind: String, at indexPath: IndexPath) -> ASCellNode {
    return ASCellNode()
}

func collectionNode(_ collectionNode: ASCollectionNode, sizeRangeForFooterInSection section: Int) -> ASSizeRange {
    return ASSizeRange()
}

41.搜索状态navigation bar上的search controller的search bar消失了？

searchController.hidesNavigationBarDuringPresentation = false

42.Xcode9 ScrollView下移？

        if #available(iOS 11.0, *) {
            view.contentInsetAdjustmentBehavior = .never
        } else {
            automaticallyAdjustsScrollViewInsets = false
        }

43. ASDK设置间距

nodeB.style.spaceBefore = 15

44. 设置SSH连接

$ ssh-keygen
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

作者：ChiOS
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/4f7fd99ff95c/
来源：简书
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