PostgreSQL pgsql身份证格式校验，身份证格式提取api

身份证ID结构说明

身份证号包含的信息：

空间：6位行政区划

时间：出生日期8位（二代），6位（一代）

顺序：同地区同日期内出生人的序号

性别：奇数顺序码为男性，偶数为女性

校验码：对前17位校验求和模11的余数，余10则为X

一代身份证

长度为15位整数，由三部分组成：

6位区划 6位生日 3位序号

610204 - 541216 - 180

二代身份证

长度为18位整数，由四部分组成：

6位区划 8位生日 3位序号 1位校验码

610204 - 19541216 - 180 - 8

基本功能
  信息提取
  区划代码
  出生日期
  序列号
  性别
  校验和
形式验证
  是否合法一代证号
  是否合法二代证号
  计算校验和
拼接创建：
  升级一代证号
  创建新二代证号
  生成随机合规二代证号

COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_adcode(id text) IS '提取6位地区代码，输入18/15位字符身份证号，返回6位整数区划代码';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_birthday(id text) IS '提取8位出生日期，输入18/15位字符身份证号，返回出生日期，非法日期返回空';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_sequence(id text) IS '提取3位序列号，输入18/15位字符身份证号，返回3位序列号字符';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_is_male(id text) IS '输入18/15位字符身份证号，返回是否代表男性';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_is_female(id text) IS '输入18/15位字符身份证号，返回是否代表女性';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_checksum(id text) IS '提取身份证末位校验和，15位身份证号返回空';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_calculate_checksum(id text) IS '身份证号校验和，输入为17/18位身份证号，计算得到最后一位校验和';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_valid_v2(id text) IS '检查是否为合法18位二代身份证号：长度，日期，校验和。地区码暂不检查';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_valid_v1(id text) IS '检查是否为合法15位一代身份证号：长度，日期。地区码暂不检查';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_new(INTEGER,DATE,INTEGER) IS '使用地区码，生日，序列号创建18位二代身份证';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_upgrade(id text) IS '将一个合法的15位身份证升级为18位二代身份证';
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_new(INTEGER,DATE,INTEGER) IS '生成一个随机的符合语法语义的身份证号';

---------------------------------
-- 身份证ID结构说明
---------------------------------
-- 身份证号包含的信息：
-- 空间：6位行政区划
-- 时间：出生日期8位（二代），6位（一代）
-- 顺序：同地区同日期内出生人的序号
-- 性别：奇数顺序码为男性，偶数为女性
-- 校验吗：对前17位校验求和模11的余数，余10则为X

-- 一代身份证
-- 长度为15位整数，由三部分组成：
-- 6位区划   6位生日  3位序号
-- 610204 - 541216 - 180

-- 二代身份证
-- 长度为18位整数，由四部分组成：
-- 6位区划    8位生日   3位序号 1位校验码
-- 610204 - 19541216 - 180 - 8

-- 基本功能
-- 信息提取：区划代码，出生日期，序列号，性别，校验和
-- 形式验证：是否合法一代证号，是否合法二代证号，计算校验和
-- 拼接创建：升级一代证号，创建新二代证号，生成随机合规二代证号
---------------------------------

---------------------------------
-- 字段解析 API
---------------------------------

字段解析 API

– 提取前6位行政区划代码

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_adcode(id TEXT) RETURNS INTEGER RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$ SELECT substr(id, 1, 6)::INTEGER; $$ LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_adcode(id text) IS '提取6位地区代码，输入18/15位字符身份证号，返回6位整数区划代码';

– 提取前中间8位出生日期（一代证返回补足19前缀的完整日期）

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_birthday(id TEXT) RETURNS DATE RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$ BEGIN
    BEGIN
        RETURN (CASE length(id) WHEN 18 THEN substr(id, 7, 8) WHEN 15 THEN '19' || substr(id, 7, 6) END)::DATE;
    EXCEPTION
        WHEN datetime_field_overflow THEN RETURN NULL;
    END;
END; $$ LANGUAGE PlPgSQL IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_birthday(id text) IS '提取8位出生日期，输入18/15位字符身份证号，返回出生日期，非法日期返回空';

– 提取尾部3位序号

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_sequence(id TEXT) RETURNS VARCHAR(3) RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$ SELECT CASE length(id) WHEN 18 THEN substr(id, 15, 3) WHEN 15 THEN substr(id, 13, 3) END;
$$ LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_sequence(id text) IS '提取3位序列号，输入18/15位字符身份证号，返回3位序列号字符';

– 提取性别：是否为男性

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_is_male(id TEXT) RETURNS BOOLEAN RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$ SELECT (sfz_sequence(id)::INTEGER % 2)::BOOLEAN;
$$ LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_is_male(id text) IS '输入18/15位字符身份证号，返回是否代表男性';

– 提取性别：是否为女性

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_is_female(id TEXT) RETURNS BOOLEAN RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$ SELECT NOT (sfz_sequence(id)::INTEGER % 2)::BOOLEAN;
$$ LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_is_female(id text) IS '输入18/15位字符身份证号，返回是否代表女性';

– 提取校验和：最后一位（一代证返回空）

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_checksum(id TEXT) RETURNS VARCHAR(1) RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$ SELECT CASE length(id) WHEN 18 THEN substr(id, 18, 1) END;
$$ LANGUAGE sql IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_checksum(id text) IS '提取身份证末位校验和，15位身份证号返回空';

 ---------------------------------
 -- 字段校验 API
---------------------------------

字段校验 API

– 计算校验和

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_calculate_checksum(id TEXT) RETURNS VARCHAR(1) RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$
DECLARE
    t_factor INTEGER[] := ARRAY [7,9,10,5,8,4,2,1,6,3,7,9,10,5,8,4,2];
    t_lookup TEXT[]    := ARRAY ['1','0','X','9','8','7','6','5','4','3','2'];
    ind      INTEGER   := 1;
    sum      INTEGER   := 0;
BEGIN
    id := upper(trim(id));
    IF id !~ '^\d{17}[0-9X]?$' THEN RETURN NULL; END IF;
    FOR ind IN 1..17 LOOP sum = sum + substr(id, ind, 1)::INTEGER * t_factor[ind]; END LOOP;
    RETURN t_lookup[(mod(sum, 11) + 1)];
END;
$$ LANGUAGE PlPgSQL IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_calculate_checksum(id text) IS '身份证号校验和，输入为17/18位身份证号，计算得到最后一位校验和';

– 校验是否为合法二代身份证

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_valid_v2(id TEXT) RETURNS BOOLEAN RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$
BEGIN
    id := upper(trim(id));
    IF id !~ '^\d{17}[0-9X]$' THEN RETURN FALSE; END IF; -- 必须为18位身份证号
    IF sfz_calculate_checksum(id) != substr(id, 18, 1) THEN RETURN FALSE; END IF; -- 校验和必须有效
    BEGIN PERFORM substr(id, 7, 8)::DATE; EXCEPTION WHEN datetime_field_overflow THEN RETURN FALSE; END; -- 日期必须合法
    RETURN TRUE;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE PlPgSQL IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_valid_v2(id text) IS '检查是否为合法18位二代身份证号：长度，日期，校验和。地区码暂不检查';

– 校验是否为合法一代身份证

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_valid_v1(id TEXT) RETURNS BOOLEAN RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$
BEGIN
    id := upper(trim(id));
    IF id !~ '^\d{15}$' THEN RETURN FALSE; END IF; -- 必须为15位身份证号
    BEGIN PERFORM ('19' || substr(id, 7, 6))::DATE; EXCEPTION WHEN datetime_field_overflow THEN RETURN FALSE; END; -- 日期必须合法
    RETURN TRUE;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE PlPgSQL IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_valid_v1(id text) IS '检查是否为合法15位一代身份证号：长度，日期。地区码暂不检查';

– 创建一个二代身份证

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_new(adcode INTEGER, birthday DATE, seq INTEGER) RETURNS VARCHAR(18) RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$
DECLARE
    id17 VARCHAR(17) := substr(adcode::TEXT, 1, 6) || to_char(birthday, 'YYYYmmDD') || lpad(substr(seq::TEXT, 1, 3), 3, '0');
BEGIN
    RETURN (SELECT id17 || sfz_calculate_checksum(id17));
END;
$$ LANGUAGE PlPgSQL IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_new(INTEGER,DATE,INTEGER) IS '使用地区码，生日，序列号创建18位二代身份证';

– 将一代身份证升级为二代身份证

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_upgrade(id TEXT) RETURNS VARCHAR(18) RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$
BEGIN
    IF NOT sfz_valid_v1(id) THEN RETURN NULL; END IF; -- 必须为合法一代身份证方可升级
    id := substr(id, 1, 6) || '19' || substr(id, 7, 9); -- 添加 19 世纪前缀
    RETURN (id || sfz_calculate_checksum(id));
END;
$$ LANGUAGE PlPgSQL IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_upgrade(id text) IS '将一个合法的15位身份证升级为18位二代身份证';

– 生成一个随机的 合规 身份证号

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sfz_random() RETURNS VARCHAR(18) RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
AS $$
DECLARE
    adcode INTEGER := ('{100000,110000,110100,110101,110102,110105,110106,110107,110108,110109,110111,110112,110113,110114,110115,110116,110117,110118,110119,120000,120100,120101,120102,120103,120104,120105,120106,120110,120111,120112,120113,120114,120115,120116,120117,120118,120119,130000,130100,130101,130102,130104,130105,130107,130108,130109,130110,130111,130121,130123,130125,130126,130127,130128,130129,130130,130131,130132,130133,130183,130184,130200,130201,130202,130203,130204,130205,130207,130208,130209,130223,130224,130225,130227,130229,130281,130283,130300,130301,130302,130303,130304,130306,130321,130322,130324,130400,130401,130402,130403,130404,130406,130421,130423,130424,130425,130426,130427,130428,130429,130430,130431,130432,130433,130434,130435,130481,130500,130501,130502,130503,130521,130522,130523,130524,130525,130526,130527,130528,130529,130530,130531,130532,130533,130534,130535,130581,130582,130600,130601,130602,130606,130607,130608,130609,130623,130624,130626,130627,130628,130629,130630,130631,130632,130633,130634,130635,130636,130637,130638,130681,130683,130684,130700,130701,130702,130703,130705,130706,130708,130709,130722,130723,130724,130725,130726,130727,130728,130730,130731,130732,130800,130801,130802,130803,130804,130821,130822,130823,130824,130825,130826,130827,130828,130900,130901,130902,130903,130921,130922,130923,130924,130925,130926,130927,130928,130929,130930,130981,130982,130983,130984,131000,131001,131002,131003,131022,131023,131024,131025,131026,131028,131081,131082,131100,131101,131102,131103,131121,131122,131123,131124,131125,131126,131127,131128,131182,139000,139001,139002,140000,140100,140101,140105,140106,140107,140108,140109,140110,140121,140122,140123,140181,140200,140201,140202,140203,140211,140212,140221,140222,140223,140224,140225,140226,140227,140300,140301,140302,140303,140311,140321,140322,140400,140401,140402,140411,140421,140423,140424,140425,140426,140427,140428,140429,140430,140431,140481,140500,140501,140502,140521,140522,140524,140525,140581,140600,140601,140602,140603,140621,140622,140623,140624,140700,140701,140702,140721,140722,140723,140724,140725,140726,140727,140728,140729,140781,140800,140801,140802,140821,140822,140823,140824,140825,140826,140827,140828,140829,140830,140881,140882,140900,140901,140902,140921,140922,140923,140924,140925,140926,140927,140928,140929,140930,140931,140932,140981,141000,141001,141002,141021,141022,141023,141024,141025,141026,141027,141028,141029,141030,141031,141032,141033,141034,141081,141082,141100,141101,141102,141121,141122,141123,141124,141125,141126,141127,141128,141129,141130,141181,141182,150000,150100,150101,150102,150103,150104,150105,150121,150122,150123,150124,150125,150200,150201,150202,150203,150204,150205,150206,150207,150221,150222,150223,150300,150301,150302,150303,150304,150400,150401,150402,150403,150404,150421,150422,150423,150424,150425,150426,150428,150429,150430,150500,150501,150502,150521,150522,150523,150524,150525,150526,150581,150600,150601,150602,150603,150621,150622,150623,150624,150625,150626,150627,150700,150701,150702,150703,150721,150722,150723,150724,150725,150726,150727,150781,150782,150783,150784,150785,150800,150801,150802,150821,150822,150823,150824,150825,150826,150900,150901,150902,150921,150922,150923,150924,150925,150926,150927,150928,150929,150981,152200,152201,152202,152221,152222,152223,152224,152500,152501,152502,152522,152523,152524,152525,152526,152527,152528,152529,152530,152531,152900,152921,152922,152923,210000,210100,210101,210102,210103,210104,210105,210106,210111,210112,210113,210114,210115,210123,210124,210181,210200,210201,210202,210203,210204,210211,210212,210213,210214,210224,210281,210283,210300,210301,210302,210303,210304,210311,210321,210323,210381,210400,210401,210402,210403,210404,210411,210421,210422,210423,210500,210501,210502,210503,210504,210505,210521,210522,210600,210601,210602,210603,210604,210624,210681,210682,210700,210701,210702,210703,210711,210726,210727,210781,210782,210800,210801,210802,210803,210804,210811,210881,210882,210900,210901,210902,210903,210904,210905,210911,210921,210922,211000,211001,211002,211003,211004,211005,211011,211021,211081,211100,211101,211102,211103,211104,211122,211200,211201,211202,211204,211221,211223,211224,211281,211282,211300,211301,211302,211303,211321,211322,211324,211381,211382,211400,211401,211402,211403,211404,211421,211422,211481,220000,220100,220101,220102,220103,220104,220105,220106,220112,220113,220122,220182,220183,220200,220201,220202,220203,220204,220211,220221,220281,220282,220283,220284,220300,220301,220302,220303,220322,220323,220381,220382,220400,220401,220402,220403,220421,220422,220500,220501,220502,220503,220521,220523,220524,220581,220582,220600,220601,220602,220605,220621,220622,220623,220681,220700,220701,220702,220721,220722,220723,220781,220800,220801,220802,220821,220822,220881,220882,222400,222401,222402,222403,222404,222405,222406,222424,222426,230000,230100,230101,230102,230103,230104,230108,230109,230110,230111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* 3515 + 1)];
    birth DATE := (((random() * 25550)::INTEGER::TEXT || 'd')::INTERVAL + '1949-10-01'::DATE)::DATE;
    seq INTEGER := (random() * 999)::INTEGER;
BEGIN
    RETURN sfz_new(adcode, birth, seq);
END;
$$ LANGUAGE PlPgSQL IMMUTABLE;
COMMENT ON FUNCTION sfz_new(INTEGER,DATE,INTEGER) IS '生成一个随机的符合语法语义的身份证号';

参考来源 https://github.com/Vonng/sfz/blob/master/sql/api.sql