1.软件环境
操作系统：CentOS 7.8
Apache Doris ：0.15
Postgresql数据库：oracle 19c
UnixODBC：2.3.1
Oracle ODBC ：instantclient-odbc-linux.x64-19.13.0.0.0dbru
2.Oracle安装部署
因为是测试没有Oracle的环境，由于安装比较繁琐耗时，所以通过Docker进行快速安装部署,下面给出各个版本的Docker镜像地址
2.1 Oracle 21C
# 从Docker hub下载，网络不好时，一般比较慢
docker pull lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0
# 可以选择从阿里云下载
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0
# 从阿里云下载后可以tag成如下形式
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0 lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0
启动容器
# 1、创建容器
docker run -d --name lhroracle21c -h lhroracle21c \
-p 5510:5500 -p 55100:5501 -p 1530:1521 -p 3400:3389 \
-v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup \
--privileged=true lhrbest/oracle21c_ee_db_21.3.0.0 \
/usr/sbin/init
# 2、进入容器
docker exec -it lhroracle21c bash
# 3、启动监听和数据库
su - oracle
sas
startup
lsnrctl start
2.2 Oracle 19C
请参照：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/R5o3BQwj7q68OyYJg1JUjQ
2.3 Oracle 18C
## 拉取镜像
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/zhengqing/oracle18c
## 运行容器
docker run -d --name oracle18c -p 1521:1521 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/zhengqing/oracle18c
2.4 Oracle 12C
##拉取镜像
docker pull quay.io/maksymbilenko/oracle-12c
##运行容器
docker run -d -p 8080:8080 -p 1521:1521 -v /my/oracle/data:/u01/app/oracle quay.io/maksymbilenko/oracle-12c
2.5 Oracle 11g
##拉取镜像
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/helowin/oracle_11g
##运行容器
docker run -d -p 1521:1521 --name oracle11g registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/helowin/oracle_11g
3.安装unixODBC驱动
首先我们安装unixODBC驱动、这里直接给出驱动的安装命令
yum install unixODBC unixODBC-devel libtool-ltdl libtool-ltdl-devel
安装完成之后执行odbcinst -j,看到下面信息说明安装成功
#odbcinst -j
unixODBC 2.3.1
DRIVERS............: /etc/odbcinst.ini
SYSTEM DATA SOURCES: /etc/odbc.ini
FILE DATA SOURCES..: /etc/ODBCDataSources
USER DATA SOURCES..: /root/.odbc.ini
SQLULEN Size.......: 8
SQLLEN Size........: 8
SQLSETPOSIROW Size.: 8
4.安装Oracle ODBC驱动及测试
4.1 安装驱动
我们需要下载下面这几个安装包：
oracle-instantclient19.13-basic-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
下面是下载地址：
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-basic-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
然后执行安装上面四个包
rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient19.13-basic-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
验证我们安装的ODBC驱动动态链接库是否正确
root@iZbp1cq4g9n8chsy7hcafhZ:~/doris/be/conf# ldd /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffefef27000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f43e80b0000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f43e7f61000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f43e7f3e000)
libnsl.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnsl.so.1 (0x00007f43e7f21000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1 (0x00007f43e7f16000)
libaio.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaio.so.1 (0x00007f43e7f11000)
libresolv.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libresolv.so.2 (0x00007f43e7ef3000)
libclntsh.so.19.1 => /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libclntsh.so.19.1 (0x00007f43e3d6f000)
libclntshcore.so.19.1 => /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libclntshcore.so.19.1 (0x00007f43e37cb000)
libodbcinst.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libodbcinst.so.2 (0x00007f43e37b3000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f43e35c1000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f43e8379000)
libnnz19.so => /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libnnz19.so (0x00007f43e2f4a000)
libltdl.so.7 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libltdl.so.7 (0x00007f43e2f3d000)
4.2 配置环境变量
sudo vi ~/.bashrc
加入下面的内容
export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export ORACLE_SID=LEI
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
4.3 配置tnsnames.ora文件
cd /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64
mkdir -p network/admin
vi tnsnames.ora
加入下面的内容（注意修改成自己的，这里是示例）
demo =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.28.7.211)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
( SERVICE_NAME = LEI)
)
)
注意
将HOST、PORT换成你自己的
SERVICE_NAME :这个是我们启动Oracle docker的时候设置的ORACLE_SID
4.4 配置odbcinst.ini
这里使用RPM包安装的额ODBC驱动动态链接库在 /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/目录下
root@iZbp1cq4g9n8chsy7hcafhZ:~/instantclient_21_4# ll /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/
total 236232
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 2 11:04 ./
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jan 1 19:47 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 342 Nov 27 02:41 glogin.sql
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Jan 1 19:43 libclntshcore.so -> libclntshcore.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8057664 Nov 27 02:39 libclntshcore.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 1 19:43 libclntsh.so -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 1 19:43 libclntsh.so.10.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 1 19:43 libclntsh.so.11.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 1 19:43 libclntsh.so.12.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jan 1 19:43 libclntsh.so.18.1 -> libclntsh.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 81679160 Nov 27 02:39 libclntsh.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3642520 Nov 27 02:39 libipc1.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 478728 Nov 27 02:39 libmql1.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5831752 Nov 27 02:39 libnnz19.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2342024 Nov 27 02:39 libocci.so.19.1*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 130543568 Nov 27 02:39 libociei.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 153464 Nov 27 02:39 libocijdbc19.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 116376 Nov 27 02:39 liboramysql19.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1660776 Nov 27 02:41 libsqlplusic.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1572432 Nov 27 02:41 libsqlplus.so*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1070192 Nov 27 02:41 libsqora.so.19.1* ---这里是要使用的ODBC动态链接库
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 1 19:43 network/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4355723 Nov 27 02:39 ojdbc8.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 313026 Nov 27 02:41 ottclasses.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 37519 Nov 27 02:39 xstreams.jar
编辑/etc/odbcinst.ini，在最后加上下面的内容
[Oracle 19 ODBC driver]
Description = Oracle ODBC driver for Oracle 19
Driver = /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1
Setup =
FileUsage =
CPTimeout =
CPReuse =
配置odbc.ini，在最后加上下面的内容
[oracle]
Driver = Oracle 19 ODBC driver ---这里的名称是上面odbcinst.ini里oracle部分用[]括起来的内容
ServerName =172.16.192.81:1521/LEI --这里是你的oracle数据ip地址，端口及SID
UserID = C##dbuser --这里是我们上面创建的用户名
Password = zhangfeng --密码
验证ODBC
isql oracle
+---------------------------------------+
| Connected! |
| |
| sql-statement |
| help [tablename] |
| quit |
| |
+---------------------------------------+
显示一切正常
5.Apache Doris Oracle外表验证
5.1 修改配置
修改BE节点conf/odbcinst.ini文件,加入刚才/etc/odbcinst.ini添加的一样内容，并删除原先的Oracle配置,加上你刚才安装的，如下：
[Oracle 19 ODBC driver]
Description = Oracle ODBC driver for Oracle 19
Driver = /usr/lib/oracle/19.13/client64/lib/libsqora.so.19.1
5.2 验证
创建oracle的ODBC Resource
CREATE EXTERNAL RESOURCE `oracle_19`
PROPERTIES (
"host" = "172.16.192.81",
"port" = "1521",
"user" = "C##dbuser",
"password" = "zhangfeng",
"database" = "LEI", --这里是你的数据库示例名称，也就是我们在docker启动时的ORACLE_SID
"driver" = "Oracle 19 ODBC driver", ---这里的名称一定和你在be odbcinst.ini里的oracle部分的[]里的内容一样，重要
"odbc_type" = "oracle",
"type" = "odbc_catalog"
);
创建ODBC外表
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `oracle_odbc` (
person_id int,
first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
last_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
) ENGINE=ODBC
COMMENT "ODBC"
PROPERTIES (
"odbc_catalog_resource" = "oracle_19",
"database" = "LEI",
"table" = "persons"
);
下面我们看执行结果
mysql> CREATE EXTERNAL RESOURCE `oracle_19`
-> PROPERTIES (
-> "host" = "172.16.192.81",
-> "port" = "1521",
-> "user" = "C##dbuser",
-> "password" = "zhangfeng",
-> "database" = "LEI",
-> "driver" = "Oracle 19 ODBC driver",
-> "odbc_type" = "oracle",
-> "type" = "odbc_catalog"
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql> CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE `oracle_odbc` (
-> person_id int,
-> first_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
-> last_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
-> ) ENGINE=ODBC
-> COMMENT "ODBC"
-> PROPERTIES (
-> "odbc_catalog_resource" = "oracle_19",
-> "database" = "LEI",
-> "table" = "persons"
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from oracle_odbc;
+-----------+------------+-----------+
| person_id | first_name | last_name |
+-----------+------------+-----------+
| 1 | zhang | feng |
| 2 | 张峰 | 峰 |
| 3 | zhangfeng | 峰值 |
+-----------+------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.06 sec)
OK一切正常，正常情况下，Oracle ODBC驱动只要你的数据库版本和你的ODBC驱动版本（大版本号对上就行）一致，就基本不会出问题。
6.Oracle 各个版本和ODBC驱动程序的对应关系
这个同样适用于Ubuntu操作系统下
| Oracle版本 | Oracle ODBC版本 |
|---|---|
| Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production | oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0 |
| Oracle Database 12c Standard Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production | oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0 |
| Oracle Database 18c Enterprise Edition Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production | oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0 |
| Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production | oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0 |
| Oracle Database 21c Enterprise Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production | oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0 |
Oracle ODBC驱动版本下载地址：
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-sqlplus-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-devel-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm
https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1913000/oracle-instantclient19.13-odbc-19.13.0.0.0-2.x86_64.rpm